Mobilność i biodostępność wybranych metali w ekosystemach trawiastych

Niesiobędzka, K.

Artykuł - szczegóły

Tytuł artykułu

Mobilność i biodostępność wybranych metali w ekosystemach trawiastych

Autorzy

Niesiobędzka K.

Identyfikatory

Warianty tytułu

Mobility and bioavailability of selected metals in grassland ecosystems

Języki publikacji

Abstrakty

Celem niniejszej pracy była ocena możliwości zastosowania jednostopniowej ekstrakcji z użyciem EDTA jako ekstrahenta do szacowania mobilności i biodostępności miedzi, ołowiu i cynku w trzech zróżnicowanych pod względem stopnia zanieczyszczenia ekosystemach trawiastych. Próbki gleb poddano analizie właściwości fizykochemicznych oraz chemicznych, w wyniku czego określono podstawowe parametry gleb (skład granulometryczny, pH, kwasowość hydrolityczną, zawartość substancji organicznej, sumę zasadowych kationów wymiennych, pojemność sorpcyjną) oraz całkowite stężenia metali i ich form biodostępnych. Przeprowadzono jednostopniową ekstrakcję metali z zastosowaniem 0,05 M roztworu EDTA, a wyniki tych badań wykorzystano do oceny mobilności i biodostępności metali w glebach miejskich, wiejskich i przydrożnych. Dokonano oceny poziomów akumulacji pierwiastków śladowych w glebach i trawach z uwzględnieniem współczynników bioakumulacji. Porównano zachowanie się metali (mechanizm wiązania, formy biodostępne metali, zdolność do migracji w układzie gleba-roślina), warunkujące ich mobilność i biodostępność. Wyznaczono istotne zależności regresyjne pomiędzy stężeniem form biodostępnych metali a ich całkowitym stężeniem w glebach oraz stężeniem metali w trawach. Podjęto próbę określenia parametrów glebowych mających wpływ na bioakumulację metali w materiale roślinnym. Zbadano efekt wymywania rozpuszczalnych form metali z zanieczyszczeń pyłowych, zdeponowanych na powierzchni traw, co w istotny sposób uzupełnia wiedzę na temat możliwości przyswajania pierwiastków śladowych z pyłu atmosferycznego i opadów przez blaszki liściowe roślin, wskazując na kompleksowe ujęcie podjętego tematu.

The aim of this study was to evaluate the possibility of using single stage extraction with EDTA as an extractant for the estimation of mobility and bioavailability of copper, lead and zinc in three, distinctly different grassland ecosystems in terms of pollution. Soil samples were subjected to physico-chemical analysis and atomic absorption spectrometry (AAS) to determine basic soil parameters (particle size, pH, hydrolytic acidity, organic matters, sorption capacity), and metals concentration. The levels of accumulation of trace elements in soilgrass ecosystems and bioaccumulation factors were evaluated. Soils were subjected to single-stage extraction of metals with the 0.05 M solution of EDTA. The results of these extractions were used to evaluate the mobility and bioavailability of metals in urban, rural and roadside soils. Synthesizing the results of this research, the behaviour of metals in three categories of soil-grass eeosystems with varying degrees of anthropogenic pressures (binding mechanism, bioavailable forms, and the ability to migrate to grass conditioned their mobility and bioavailability) were compared. Significant correlations between the concentrations of bioavailable forms and their total concentration in soils, and the concentrations of metals in grass were determined. An attempt was made to determine soil parameters affecting the bioaccumulation of metals in the plant material. The effect of leaching of soluble forms from particulate pollutants deposited on the grass surface was examined. The results of the examination significantly complement knowledge about the possibility of assimilation of trace elements from atmospheric dust and rain through leaf blades of plants, proving the comprehensive approach of the test subject.

Słowa kluczowe

gleby zanieczyszczone gleby niezanieczyszczone rośliny Cu Pb Zn bioakumulacja ekstrakcja EDTA

polluted and unpolluted soils grass Cu Pb Zn bioaccumulation extraction EDTA

Wydawca

Oficyna Wydawnicza Politechniki Warszawskiej

Czasopismo

Prace Naukowe Politechniki Warszawskiej. Inżynieria Środowiska

Rocznik

2018

Tom

z. 77

Strony

1--126

Opis fizyczny

Bibliogr. 304 poz., rys., tab.

Twórcy

autor

Niesiobędzka K.

Wydział Instalacji Budowlanych, Hydrotechniki i Inżynierii Środowiska Politechniki Warszawskiej

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