Riding the Risk: Trends and Causes of Motorcycle Accidents in Poland (2016-2023)

• Autorzy: Głowiński Sebastian , Rzepczyk Szymon , Galiński Marcin , Obst Maciej

Identyfikatory

DOI

10.4467/2543859XPKG.25.007.22670

Warianty tytułu

PL

Na granicy ryzyka: trendy i przyczyny wypadków motocyklowych w Polsce w latach 2016-2023

• Języki publikacji: EN

Abstrakty

EN

(1) Background: Motorcycle crashes remain a significant public safety and public health concern in Poland. Despite ongoing improvements in road safety, motorcyclists continue to face a disproportionately high risk of severe injuries and fatalities. This study investigates the scope and underlying causes of motorcycle-related crashes in Poland between 2016 and 2023, with the aim of identifying key contributing factors and informing effective prevention strategies. (2) Methods: The analysis was based on national crash data from the Polish Police Headquarters, as well as a custom report on bicycle and motorcycle incidents. Statistical analyses were conducted using STATISTICA 13.3 software. Tests for normality and homogeneity of variance were applied, and regression models were used to evaluate time trends. Key crash variables were categorized by vehicle type, day of the week, age group, and primary contributing factor. (3) Results: Passenger cars were the most frequent counterpart in collisions involving motorcyclists, with crash peaks occurring during summer months and on weekends. Motorcyclists aged 25-39 and 40-59 were the most commonly involved age groups. Leading contributing factors included failure to yield and improper turning by other drivers, as well as excessive speed and improper overtaking by motorcyclists. A moderate decrease in the overall number of crashes and injuries was observed over the study period, particularly in speed-related incidents; however, trends in fatality rates were mixed. (4) Conclusions: Motorcycle safety in Poland is strongly influenced by driver behavior and seasonal traffic patterns. The findings underscore the need for comprehensive, multi-faceted interventions, including stricter enforcement of traffic regulations, enhanced rider training, targeted infrastructure improvements, and upgraded standards for protective gear, to reduce both the frequency and severity of motorcycle crashes.

PL

(1) Wprowadzenie: Wypadki z udziałem motocyklistów pozostają istotnym problemem bezpieczeństwa publicznego i zdrowia publicznego w Polsce. Pomimo stałej poprawy bezpieczeństwa ruchu drogowego, motocykliści nadal narażeni są na nieproporcjonalnie wysokie ryzyko ciężkich obrażeń oraz śmierci. Celem niniejszej pracy było zbadanie skali i przyczyn wypadków motocyklowych w Polsce w latach 2016-2023, ze szczególnym uwzględnieniem kluczowych czynników ryzyka oraz wskazaniem skutecznych strategii prewencyjnych. (2) Metoda: Analiza została przeprowadzona na podstawie krajowych danych o wypadkach pochodzących z Komendy Głównej Policji oraz specjalnego raportu dotyczącego zdarzeń z udziałem rowerów i motocykli. Analizy statystyczne wykonano z wykorzystaniem oprogramowania STATISTICA 13.3. Zastosowano testy normalności i jednorodności wariancji, a do oceny trendów czasowych użyto modeli regresji. Kluczowe zmienne dotyczące wypadków pogrupowano według rodzaju pojazdu, dnia tygodnia, grupy wiekowej oraz głównego czynnika przyczynowego. (3) Wyniki: Samochody osobowe były najczęstszym uczestnikiem kolizji z motocyklistami, przy czym szczyt liczby zdarzeń odnotowano w miesiącach letnich oraz w weekendy. Najczęściej poszkodowanymi grupami wiekowymi byli motocykliści w wieku 25-39 lat oraz 40-59 lat. Do głównych przyczyn należało nieustąpienie pierwszeństwa i nieprawidłowe skręty ze strony kierowców innych pojazdów, a także nadmierna prędkość i nieprawidłowe wyprzedzanie ze strony motocyklistów. W badanym okresie odnotowano umiarkowany spadek całkowitej liczby wypadków i obrażeń, szczególnie tych związanych z nadmierną prędkością; jednakże trendy dotyczące śmiertelności były niejednoznaczne. (4) Wnioski: Bezpieczeństwo motocyklistów w Polsce jest silnie uzależnione od zachowań uczestników ruchu oraz sezonowych wzorców natężenia ruchu. Uzyskane wyniki wskazują na konieczność wdrożenia kompleksowych, wieloaspektowych działań, obejmujących m.in. surowsze egzekwowanie przepisów ruchu drogowego, doskonalenie szkolenia motocyklistów, ukierunkowane inwestycje infrastrukturalne oraz podniesienie standardów ochronnego wyposażenia, aby ograniczyć zarówno liczbę, jak i ciężkość wypadków motocyklowych.

Słowa kluczowe

EN

motorcycle crash; injury severity; crash trends; helmet legislation

PL

wypadek motocyklowy; trend wypadków motocyklowych; legalizacja kasków

• Wydawca: Komisja Geografii Komunikacji Polskiego Towarzystwa Geograficznego ; Uniwersytet Gdański. Katedra Geografii Rozwoju Regionalnego
• Czasopismo: Prace Komisji Geografii Komunikacji PTG
• Rocznik: 2025
• Tom: nr 28(1)
• Strony: 83--97
• Opis fizyczny: Bibliogr. 69 poz., tab., wykr.

Twórcy

autor

Głowiński Sebastian

• Institute of Health Sciences, Pomeranian University in Slupsk, ul. Bohaterow Westerplatte 64, 76-200 Slupsk, Poland

• https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3140-6313

autor

Rzepczyk Szymon

• Department of Forensic Medicine, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Rokietnicka 10, 60-806 Poznań, Poland

• https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6330-1511

autor

Galiński Marcin

• The Jacob of Paradies University in Gorzów Wielkopolski, ul. Fryderyka Chopina 52, 66-400 Gorzów Wielkopolski, Poland

• https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5512-2249

autor

Obst Maciej

• Institute of Applied Mechanics, Poznań University of Technology, ul. Jana Pawła II 24, 60-965 Poznań, Poland

• https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6555-6198

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Uwagi

Opracowanie rekordu ze środków MNiSW, umowa nr POPUL/SP/0154/2024/02 w ramach programu "Społeczna odpowiedzialność nauki II" - moduł: Popularyzacja nauki (2025).