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The grain size of material transported during flood along the longitudinal profile of the small Carpathian stream (the Bystrzanka stream) and its main tributaries was examined. The silt fraction is the dominant material transported during floods. The average content of this fraction varies from 67 to 88%. The highest standard deviation was recorded in relation to the sand fraction, what have been linked with the human impact (especially in the channel). During the rising limb phase the sand fraction showed a higher percentage content than during decreasing limb (at the same water level) and contrary in the case of the finest fraction. There were observed a statistically significant (<0.05) inverse relationship between the sand and silt fraction and the sand and clay fraction. The study showed no statistically significant impact of factors (precipitation, discharge) controlling summer floods on the size of suspended sediment.
Słowa kluczowe
Wydawca
Czasopismo
Rocznik
Tom
Strony
53--63
Opis fizyczny
Bibliogr. 29 poz., rys., tab., wykr.
Twórcy
autor
- Institute of Geography and Spatial Organisation PAS, Research Station in Szymbark; 38-311 Szymbark 430, Poland
Bibliografia
- Allen J.R.L., 1965. A review of the origin and characteristics of recent alluvial sediments. Sedimentology 5, 89–191.
- Bogen J., 1992. Monitoring grain size of suspended sediments in rivers. Erosion and Sediment Transort Monitoring Programmes in River Basin, Proceedings of Oslo Symposium, August, IAHS 210, 183–190.
- Folk R.L., Ward W.C., 1957. Brazos River bar: a study in the significance of grain size parameters. Journal of Sedimentary Petrology 27, 3–26.
- Foster I.D.L., Charlesworth S.M., 1996 1996. Heavy metals in the hydrological cycle: trends and explanation. Hydrolological Processes 10, 2, 227–261.
- Francke T., Lopez-Tarazón J.A., Vericat D., Bronstert A., Batalla R.J., 2008. Flood-based analysis of high magnitude sediment transport using a non-parametric method. Earth Surface Processes and Landforms 33, 2064–2077.
- Froehlich W., 1982. Mechanizm transportu fluwialnego i dostawy zwietrzelin do koryta w górskiej zlewni fliszowej. Prace Geograficzne IGiPZ PAN 143, 1–144.
- Grangeon T., Legout C., Esteves M., Gratiot N., Navratil O., 2012. Variability of the particle size of suspended sediment during highly concentrated flood events in a small mountainous catchment. Journal of Soils and Sediments 12(10), 1549–1558.
- Haritashya U.K., Kumar A., Singh P., 2010. Particle size characteristics of suspended sediment transported in meltwater from the Gangotri Glacier, central Himalaya—an indicator of subglacial sediment evacuation. Geomorphology 122, 140–152.
- Kijowska-Strugała M., 2012. The role of downpours in transformation of slopes in the Polish Carpathian Foothills. Studia Geomorphologica Carpatho-Balcanica 45, 67–85.
- Kijowska-Strugała M., 2015. Transport zawiesiny w warunkach zmieniającej się antropopresji w zlewni Bystrzanki (Karpaty Fliszowe). Prace Geograficzne IGiPZ PAN 247, 1–140.
- Köppen W., 1931. Grundriss der Klimakunde. Walter de Gruyter, 1–388.
- Kostrzewski A., Mazurek A., Zwoliński Z., 1994. Dynamics of fluvial transport of the upper Parsęta River as a response of the catchment system. Wydawnictwo Bogucki, Poznań.
- Lenzi M.A., Marchi L., 2000. Suspended sediment load during floods in a small stream of the Dolomites (northeastern Italy). Catena 39, 267–282.
- Lopez-Tarazón J.A., Batalla R.J., Vericat D., Balasch J.C., 2010. Rainfall, runoff and sediment transport relations in a mesoscale mountainous catchement: TheRiver Isábena (Ebro basin). Catena 82, 23–34.
- Meharg A.A., Wright J., Leeks G.J., Wass P.D., Osborn D., 1999. Temporal and spatial patterns in α-and γ-hexachlorocyclohexane concentrations in industrially contaminated rivers. Environmental Science and Technology 33, 12, 2001–2006.
- Milliman J.D., Syvitski J.P., 1992. Geomorphic/tectonic control of sediment discharge to the ocean: the importance of small mountainous rivers. Journal of Geology 100, 525–544.
- Navratil O., Esteves M., Legout C., Gratiot N., Nemery J., Willmore S., Grangeon T., 2011. Global uncertainty analysis of suspended sediment monitoring using turbidimeter in a small mountainous river catchment. Journal of Hydrology 398, 246–259.
- Petticre E.L., 2005. The composite nature of suspended and gravel stored fine sediment in streams: a case study of O’Neeil Creek, British Columbia, Canada. [in:] I.G. Droppo, G.G. Leppard, S.N. Liss, T.M. Milligan (eds.), Flocculation in natural and engineered environmental systems. CRC Press, Boca Raton, FL. 71–93.
- Polish Society of Soil Science, 2008. Particle size distribution and textural classes of soils and mineral materials. Roczniki Gleboznawcze 60, 2, 5–16.
- Russell M.A., Walling D.E., Hodgkinson R.A., 2001. Suspended sediment sources in two small lowland agricultural catchments in the UK. Journal of Hydrology 252, 1, 1–24.
- Slattery M.C., Burt T.P., 1997. Particle size characteristics of suspended sediment in hillslope runoff and stream flow. Earth Surface Processes and Landforms 22, 8, 705–719.
- Starkel L., 1972. The characteristics of the Polish Carpathians relief (and its importance for human economy). Problemy Zagospodarowania Ziem Górskich 10, 75–150.
- Świdziński H., 1973. Z badań geologicznych w Karpatach. Geographical Studies IG PAN 80, 11–62.
- Walling D.E., Moorehead P.W., 1987. Spatial and temporal variation of the particle-size characteristics of fluvial suspended sediment. Geografiska Annaler A 69, 47–59.
- Walling D.E., Moorehead P.W., 1989. The particle size characteristics of fluvial suspended sediment: an overview. Hydrobiologia 176(177), 125–149.
- Walling D.E., Webb B.W., 1992. Water quality 1: Physical characteristics. [in:] P. Calow, G.E. Petts (eds.), The rivers handbook. Vol. 21, Blackwell Scientific, Oxford, 1, 48–72.
- Williams N.D., Walling D.E., Leeks G.J.L., 2008. An analysis of the factors contributing to the settling potential of fine fluvial sediment. Hydrological Processes 22, 4153–4162.
- Woodward J.C., Porter P.R., Lowe A.T., Walling D.E., Evans A.J., 2002. Composite suspended sediment particles and flocculation in glacial meltwaters: preliminary evidence from Alpine and Himalayan basins. Hydrological Processes 16, 1735–1744.
- Xu J., 2000. Grain-size characteristics of suspended sediment in the Yellow River, China. Catena 38, 3, 243–263.
Typ dokumentu
Bibliografia
Identyfikator YADDA
bwmeta1.element.baztech-eb2987e0-0d5c-4b06-beee-7166fe958ee6