Ecological Risk Assessment of Heavy Metal Contamination in Water, Sediment, and Polychaeta (Neoleanira Tetragona) from Coastal Areas Affected by Aquaculture, Urban Rivers, and Ports in South Sumatra

• Autorzy: Rozirwan , Az-Zahrah Shahnaz Ajeng Fatimah , Khotimah Nadila Nur , Nugroho Redho Yoga , Putri Wike Ayu Eka , Fauziyah , Melki , Agustriani Fitri , Siregar Yusni Ikhwan

Identyfikatory

DOI

10.12911/22998993/175365

• Języki publikacji: EN

Abstrakty

EN

Industrial activities in coastal areas can produce pollutant substances that are detrimental to the ecological environment. This study aimed to assess the ecological risks of heavy metal pollution in water, sediments, and polychaeta (Neoleanira tetragona) affected by aquaculture, urban rivers, and ports. Water parameters such as temperature, DO, pH, and salinity were measured in situ at fifteen observation stations. Samples were taken at three locations around the aquaculture area, namely the Barong River, the Musi River Estuary as an urban river area, and Tanjung Api-api port in South Sumatra, Indonesia. Analysis of sediment grain size and substrate types using the method of Shepard’s triangle Heavy metal concentrations were measured by graphite furnace atomic absorption spectrometry. Then, the data were analyzed using one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) and post-hoc Tukey statistical analysis. Ecological risk assessment uses the bioconcentration factor (BCF), index geoaccumulation (Igeo), contamination factor (Cf), and pollution load index (PLI). Based on the results, the concentration of heavy metal Pb in water was not detected until 0.625 mg/L, and Cu was not detected. Furthermore, Pb in sediments was 1.261–11.070 mg/kg, Cu was 0.193–19.300 mg/kg, Pb polychaeta was not detected until 0.0044 mg/kg, and Cu ranged from 0.0003–0.0014 mg/kg. Ecological risk assessment for BCF showed that the level of accumulation of polychaeta (N. tetragona) was categorized as an excluder (BCF < 1). Igeo and Cf indicate uncontaminated pollution levels (Igeo < 0) and low contamination (Cf < 1). Meanwhile, the Pollution Load Index is included in the nonpolluted category (PLI <0). Based on the results, the quality of the ecological environment affected by aquaculture, urban rivers, and ports is still classified as safe for ecological risk assessment; further studies are needed regarding the relationship between pollution levels and the physiological response of biota.

Słowa kluczowe

EN

copper; ecological risk assessment; lead; Polychaeta; Neoleanira tetragona; sediment; water

• Wydawca: Polskie Towarzystwo Inżynierii Ekologicznej ; Lublin University of Technology
• Czasopismo: Journal of Ecological Engineering
• Rocznik: 2024
• Tom: Vol. 25, nr 1
• Strony: 303--319
• Opis fizyczny: Bibliogr. 121 poz., rys., tab.

Twórcy

autor

Rozirwan

• Department of Marine Science, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Universitas Sriwijaya, 30862 Indralaya, Indonesia

• https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8415-3343

autor

Az-Zahrah Shahnaz Ajeng Fatimah

• Department of Marine Science, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Universitas Sriwijaya, 30862 Indralaya, Indonesia

autor

Khotimah Nadila Nur

• Environmental Management Study Program, Graduate Program, Universitas Sriwijaya, 30139 Palembang, Indonesia

• https://orcid.org/0009-0002-4048-0822

autor

Nugroho Redho Yoga

• Environmental Management Study Program, Graduate Program, Universitas Sriwijaya, 30139 Palembang, Indonesia

• https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7945-4982

autor

Putri Wike Ayu Eka

• Department of Marine Science, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Universitas Sriwijaya, 30862 Indralaya, Indonesia

• https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1456-3088

autor

Fauziyah

• Department of Marine Science, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Universitas Sriwijaya, 30862 Indralaya, Indonesia

• https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3624-7956

autor

Melki

• Department of Marine Science, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Universitas Sriwijaya, 30862 Indralaya, Indonesia

• https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0112-748X

autor

Agustriani Fitri

• Department of Marine Science, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Universitas Sriwijaya, 30862 Indralaya, Indonesia

• https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2198-7687

autor

Siregar Yusni Ikhwan

• Department of Marine Science, Faculty of Fisheries and Marine Science, Universitas Riau, 28293 Pekanbaru, Indonesia

• https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5883-636X

Bibliografia

• 1. Abdel-Shafy HI, Mansour MSM. 2018. Solid waste issue: Sources, composition, disposal, recycling, and valorization. Egyptian Journal of Petroleum, 27(4), 1275–1290.
• 2. Agasti N. 2021. Decontamination of heavy metal ions from water by composites prepared from waste. Current Research in Green and Sustainable Chemistry, 4, 100088.
• 3. Agoro MA, Adeniji AO, Adefisoye MA, Okoh OO. 2020. Heavy Metals in Wastewater and Sewage Sludge from Selected Municipal Treatment Plants in Eastern Cape Province, South Africa. Water, 12(10), 2746.
• 4. Ali H, Khan E, Ilahi I. 2019. Environmental chemistry and ecotoxicology of hazardous heavy metals: Environmental persistence, toxicity, and bioaccumulation. Journal of Chemistry, 2019.
• 5. Almahasheer H. 2019. High levels of heavy metals in Western Arabian Gulf mangrove soils. Molecular Biology Reports, 46(2), 1585–1592.
• 6. Almaniar S, Rozirwan, Herpandi. 2021. Abundance and diversity of macrobenthos at Tanjung Api-Api waters, South Sumatra, Indonesia. AACL Bioflux, 14, 1486–1497.
• 7. Antoniadis V, Golia EE, Liu YT, Wang SL, Shaheen SM, Rinklebe J. 2019. Soil and maize contamination by trace elements and associated health risk assessment in the industrial area of Volos, Greece. Environment International, 124, 79–88.
• 8. ANZECC, ARMCANZ. 2000. Australian and New Zealand Guidelines for Fresh and Marine Water Quality. National Water Quality Management Strategy.
• 9. Bellante A, Piazzese D, Cataldo S, Parisi MG, Cammarata M. 2016. Evaluation and comparison of trace metal accumulation in different tissues of potential bioindicator organisms: Macrobenthic filter feeders Styela plicata, Sabella spallanzanii, and Mytilus galloprovincialis. Environmental toxicology and chemistry, 35(12), 3062–3070.
• 10. Bendary RE, Goher ME, El-Shamy AS. 2023. Taxonomic and functional diversity of macroinvertebrates in sediment and macrophyte habitats: A case study, the Ibrahimia Canal, Nile River, Egypt. The Egyptian Journal of Aquatic Research, 49(2), 129–135.
• 11. Bonifazi A, Galli S, Gravina MF, Ventura D. 2023. Macrozoobenthos Structure and Dynamics in a Mediterranean Hypersaline Ecosystem with Implications for Wetland Conservation. Water (Switzerland), 15(7), 1411.
• 12. Bozorg-Haddad O, Delpasand M, Loáiciga HA. 2021. Water quality, hygiene, and health. Economical, Political, and Social Issues in Water Resources, 217–257.
• 13. Briffa J, Sinagra E, Blundell R. 2020. Heavy metal pollution in the environment and their toxicological effects on humans. Heliyon, 6(9), e04691.
• 14. Chen M, Carrasco G, Park E, Morgan K, Tay SHX, Tanzil J, Ooi SK, Zhou K, Boyle EA. 2022. Monsoonal variations of lead (Pb) in coastal waters around Singapore. Marine Pollution Bulletin, 179, 113654.
• 15. Chenot J, Gaget E, Moinardeau C, Jaunatre R, Buisson E, Dutoit T. 2017. Substrate Composition and Depth Affect Soil Moisture Behavior and Plant-Soil Relationship on Mediterranean Extensive Green Roofs. Water, 9(11), 817.
• 16. Dan SF, Udoh EC, Wang Q. 2022. Contamination and ecological risk assessment of heavy metals, and relationship with organic matter sources in surface sediments of the Cross River Estuary and nearshore areas. Journal of Hazardous Materials, 438, 129531.
• 17. Dange S, Manoj K. 2015. Polychaetes (Annelid) Worms, Mud Skipper and Mud Crab at Purna River Estuary. Original Research Article Bioaccumulation of Heavy Metals in Sediment, 4(9), 571–575.
• 18. Delgado J de F, Amorim RM, Lima L da S, Gaylarde CC, Neto JAB, Pinto SC de S, Gonçalves BF dos S, Fonseca EM da. 2023. Negative Impacts of Trace Metal Contamination on the Macrobenthic Communities along the Santos Port Complex—Brazil. Eng, 4(2), 1210–1224.
• 19. Dolagaratz Carricavur A, Chiodi Boudet L, Romero MB, Polizzi P, Marcovecchio JE, Gerpe M. 2018. Toxicological responses of Laeonereis acuta (Polychaeta, Nereididae) after acute, subchronic and chronic exposure to cadmium. Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety, 149(August 2017), 217–224.
• 20. Dong JY, Wang X, Zhang X, Bidegain G, Zhao LL. 2023. Integrating multiple indices based on heavy metals and macrobenthos to evaluate the benthic ecological quality status of Laoshan Bay, Shandong Peninsula, China. Ecological Indicators, 153, 110367.
• 21. Duque G, Gamboa-García DE, Molina A, Cogua P. 2022. Influence of water quality on the macroinvertebrate community in a tropical estuary (Buenaventura Bay). Integrated Environmental Assessment and Management, 18(3), 796.
• 22. Elfidasari D, Ismi LN, Sugoro I. 2020. Heavy metal concentration in water, sediment, and pterygoplichthys pardalis in the Ciliwung River, Indonesia. AACL Bioflux, 13(3), 1764–1778.
• 23. Eriksen TE, Brittain JE, Søli G, Jacobsen D, Goethals P, Friberg N. 2021. A global perspective on the application of riverine macroinvertebrates as biological indicators in Africa, South-Central America, Mexico and Southern Asia. Ecological Indicators, 126, 107609.
• 24. Fadlillah LN, Utami S, Rachmawati AA, Jayanto GD, Widyastuti M. 2023. Ecological risk and source identifications of heavy metals contamination in the water and surface sediments from anthropogenic impacts of urban river, Indonesia. Heliyon, 9(4), e15485.
• 25. FAO. 1983. Compilation of legal limits for hazardous substances in fish and fishery products. FAO Fisheries Circular (FAO) no 764,. https://doi.org/10.3/JQUERY-UI.JS.
• 26. Fitria Y, Rozirwan, Fitrani M, Nugroho RY, Fauziyah, Putri WAE. 2023. Gastropods as bioindicators of heavy metal pollution in the Banyuasin estuary shrimp pond area, South Sumatra, Indonesia. Acta Ecologica Sinica, in press.
• 27. Gaete H, Álvarez M, Lobos G, Soto E, Jara-Gutiérrez C. 2017. Assessment of oxidative stress and bioaccumulation of the metals Cu, Fe, Zn, Pb, Cd in the polychaete Perinereis gualpensis from estuaries of central Chile. Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety, 145(April), 653–658.
• 28. Gao Y, Qiao Y, Xu Y, Zhu L, Feng J. 2021. Assessment of the transfer of heavy metals in seawater, sediment, biota samples and determination the baseline tissue concentrations of metals in marine organisms. Environmental science and pollution research international, 28(22), 28764–28776.
• 29. Ghosh S, Bakshi M, Mahanty S, Chaudhuri P. 2021. Understanding potentially toxic metal (PTM) induced biotic response in two riparian mangrove species Sonneratia caseolaris and Avicennia officinalis along river Hooghly, India: Implications for sustainable sediment quality management. Marine Environmental Research, 172, 105486.
• 30. Giangrande A, Licciano M, Pasqua M del, Fanizzi FP, Migoni D, Stabili L. 2017. Heavy metals in five Sabellidae species (Annelida, Polychaeta): ecological implications. Environmental Science and Pollution Research, 24(4), 3759–3768.
• 31. Goher ME, Abdo MH, Bayoumy WA, Mansour El-Ashkar TY. 2017. Some heavy metal contents in surface water and sediment as a pollution indexof El-Manzala Lake, Egypt. Journal of Basic and Environmental Sciences, 4, 210–225.
• 32. Gu YG, Gao YP. 2019. An unconstrained ordination- and GIS-based approach for identifying anthropogenic sources of heavy metal pollution in marine sediments. Marine Pollution Bulletin, 146, 100–105.
• 33. Hama Aziz KH, Mustafa FS, Omer KM, Hama S, Hamarawf RF, Rahman KO. 2023. Heavy metal pollution in the aquatic environment: efficient and low-cost removal approaches to eliminate their toxicity: a review. RSC Advances, 13(26), 17595.
• 34. Hamed E sayed AE, Khaled A, Ahdy H, Omar Ahmed H, Aly Abdelrazek F. 2020. Health risk assessment of heavy metals in three invertebrate species collected along Alexandria Coast, Egypt. Egyptian Journal of Aquatic Research, 46(4), 389–395.
• 35. Han X, Wang J, Cai W, Xu X, Sun M. 2021. The Pollution Status of Heavy Metals in the Surface Sea- water and Sediments of the Tianjin Coastal Area, North China. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 18(21), 11243.
• 36. Herbeck LS, Unger D, Wu Y, Jennerjahn TC. 2013. Effluent, nutrient and organic matter export from shrimp and fish ponds causing eutrophication in coastal and back-reef waters of NE Hainan, tropical China. Continental Shelf Research, 57, 92–104.
• 37. Hoang H-G, Lin C, Tran H-T, Chiang C-F, Bui X-T, Cheruiyot NK, Shern C-C, Lee C-W. 2020. Heavy metal contamination trends in surface water and sediments of a river in a highly-industrialized region. Environmental Technology & Innovation, 20, 101043.
• 38. Huang L, Gu M. 2019. Effects of Biochar on Container Substrate Properties and Growth of Plants—A Review. Horticulturae 2019, Vol 5, Page 14, 5(1), 14.
• 39. Jin Y, Du J, Sun Y, Wang E, Yan W. 2023. Source and pollution assessment of heavy metals in surface sediments of Laoshan Bay, South Yellow Sea, China. Marine Pollution Bulletin, 197, 115691.
• 40. Jomova K, Makova M, Alomar SY, Alwasel SH, Nepovimova E, Kuca K, Rhodes CJ, Valko M. 2022. Essential metals in health and disease. Chemico-Biological Interactions, 367, 110173.
• 41. Kies F, Kerfouf A, Elegbede I, Matemilola S, Los P De, Escalante R, Khorchani A, Savari S. 2020. Assessment of the coastal and estuarine environment quality of western Algeria using the bioindicator Polychaeta; the genus Nereis. J Mater Environ Sci, 2020(9), 1472–1481.
• 42. Kohlenbach K, Knauber H, Brandt A, Saeedi H. 2023. Distribution and Species Richness of Benthic Polychaeta and Sipuncula in the Northwestern Pacific. Diversity, 15(4), 557.
• 43. Kusumaningtyas AR. 2023. Index of Seagrass Ecology at Prawean Beach, Jepara 12(2), 230–239.
• 44. Kutlu B, Özcan T, Özcan G. 2021. Analysis of heavy metal contamination in surface sediments of Iskenderun Bay, Turkey. Oceanological and Hydrobiological Studies, 50(4), 411–420.
• 45. Li Q, Yan X, Wang Z, Li Z, Cao S, Tong Q. 2022. Inversion of the Full-Depth Temperature Profile Based on Few Depth-Fixed Temperatures. Remote Sensing 2022, 14(23), 5984.
• 46. Lim Y-C;, Chen C-F;, Tsai M-L;, Wu C-H;, Lin Y-L;, Wang M-H;, Albarico FPJB;, Chen C-W;, Dong C-D, Southern T, Lim Y-C, Chen C-F, Tsai M-L, Wu C-H, Lin Y-L, Wang M-H, Paolo F, Albarico JB, Chen C-W, Dong C-D. 2022a. Impacts of Fishing Vessels on the Heavy Metal Contamination in Sediments: A Case Study of Qianzhen Fishing Port in Southern Taiwan. Water 2022, 14(7), 1174.
• 47. Lim YC, Chen CF, Tsai ML, Wu CH, Lin YL, Wang MH, Albarico FPJB, Chen CW, Dong C Di. 2022b. Impacts of Fishing Vessels on the Heavy Metal Contamination in Sediments: A Case Study of Qianzhen Fishing Port in Southern Taiwan. Water (Switzerland), 14(7).
• 48. Liu L, Li A, Zhu L, Xue S, Li J, Zhang C, Yu W, Ma Z, Zhuang H, Jiang Z, Mao Y. 2023. The Application of the Generalized Additive Model to Represent Macrobenthos near Xiaoqing Estuary, Laizhou Bay. Biology 2023, 12(8), 1146.
• 49. Liu Y, Kuang W, Xu J, Chen J, Sun X, Lin C, Lin H. 2022. Distribution, source and risk assessment of heavy metals in the seawater, sediments, and organisms of the Daya Bay, China. Marine pollution bulletin, 174.
• 50. Liu Y, Zhou Y, Lu J. 2020. Exploring the relationship between air pollution and meteorological conditions in China under environmental governance. Scientific Reports, 10(1), 14518.
• 51. Lyla PS, Manokaran S, Ajmalkhan S, Ansari KGMT, Raja S, Reshi O. 2022. Spatial analysis, ecological risk assessment, control factors, and sources of heavy metal pollution in the shelf surface sediments of the southwest Bay of Bengal, India. Regional Studies in Marine Science, 56, 102705.
• 52. Mangadze T, Dalu T, William Froneman P. 2019. Biological monitoring in southern Africa: A review of the current status, challenges and future prospects. Science of The Total Environment, 648, 1492–1499.
• 53. Mannaa AA, Khan AA, Haredy R, Al-Zubieri AG. 2021. Contamination evaluation of heavy metals in a sediment core from the al-salam lagoon, jeddah coast, Saudi Arabia. Journal of Marine Science and Engineering, 9(8), 899.
• 54. Melake BA, Endalew SM, Alamirew TS, Temesegen LM. 2023. Bioaccumulation and Biota-Sediment Accumulation Factor of Metals and Metalloids in Edible Fish: A Systematic Review in Ethiopian Surface Waters. Environmental Health Insights, 17.
• 55. Mitra S, Chakraborty AJ, Tareq AM, Emran T Bin, Nainu F, Khusro A, Idris AM, Khandaker MU, Osman H, Alhumaydhi FA, Simal-Gandara J. 2022. Impact of heavy metals on the environment and human health: Novel therapeutic insights to counter the toxicity. Journal of King Saud University - Science, 34(3), 101865.
• 56. Moltedo G, Martuccio G, Catalano B, Gastaldi L, Maggi C, Virno-Lamberti C, Cicero AM. 2019. Biological responses of the polychaete Hediste diversicolor (O.F.Müller, 1776) to inorganic mercury exposure: A multimarker approach. Chemosphere, 219, 989–996.
• 57. Mugoša B, Ðuroviā D, Nedović-Vuković M, Barjaktarović-Labović S, Vrvić M. 2016. Assessment of Ecological Risk of Heavy Metal Contamination in Coastal Municipalities of Montenegro. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 13(4).
• 58. Muller G. 1979. Schwermetalle in den sedimenten des Rheins, VeranderungenSeit 1971 – ScienceOpen. Umschanvol,.
• 59. Mustafa A, Paena M, Athirah A, Ratnawati E, Asaf R, Suwoyo HS, Sahabuddin S, Hendrajat EA, Kamaruddin K, Septiningsih E, Sahrijanna A, Marzuki I, Nisaa K. 2022. Temporal and Spatial Analysis of Coastal Water Quality to Support Application of Whiteleg Shrimp Litopenaeus vannamei Intensive Pond Technology. Sustainability, 14(5), 2659.
• 60. Niu L, Cai H, Jia L, Luo X, Tao W, Dong Y, Yang Q. 2021. Metal pollution in the Pearl River Estuary and implications for estuary management: The influence of hydrological connectivity associated with estuarine mixing. Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety, 225, 112747.
• 61. Nogueira M, Magalhães W, Mariano-Neto E, Neves E, Johnsson R. 2023. Taxonomical and functional analyses of epifaunal polychaetes associated with Mussismilia spp.: the effects of coral growth morphology. PeerJ, 11.
• 62. Nour HE, El-Sorogy AS. 2020. Heavy metals contamination in seawater, sediments and seashells of the Gulf of Suez, Egypt. Environmental Earth Sciences, 79, 1–12.
• 63. Oluwagbemiga AP, Olatayo AA, Funso AI. 2019. Coastal Marine Sediment Heavy Metals Contamination of a Transgressive Marine Science : Research & Development. Journal Marine Science : Research and Development, 9(2).
• 64. Özşeker K, Erüz C, Terzi Y. 2022. Evaluation of toxic metals in different grain size fractions of sediments of the southeastern Black Sea. Marine Pollution Bulletin, 182, 113959.
• 65. Pandiyan J, Mahboob S, Govindarajan M, Al-Ghanim KA, Ahmed Z, Al-Mulhm N, Jagadheesan R, Krishnappa K. 2021. An assessment of level of heavy metals pollution in the water, sediment and aquatic organisms: A perspective of tackling environmental threats for food security. Saudi Journal of Biological Sciences, 28(2), 1218.
• 66. Perumal K, Antony J, Muthuramalingam S. 2021. Heavy metal pollutants and their spatial distribution in surface sediments from Thondi coast, Palk Bay, South India. Environmental Sciences Europe, 33(1), 1–20.
• 67. Pires A, Velez C, Figueira E, Soares AMVM, Freitas R. 2017. Effects of sediment contamination on physiological and biochemical responses of the polychaete Diopatra neapolitana, an exploited natural resource. Marine Pollution Bulletin, 119(1), 119–131.
• 68. Prasetiawan NR, Sudirman N, Salim HL, Ati RNA, Kepel TL, Daulat A, Kusumaningtyas MA, Permana SM, Setiawan A, Pranowo WS, Rustam A, Suryono DD, Jayawiguna MH, Sukoraharjo SS. 2022. Preliminary Study of Marine Debris Composition from Fisherman Activities : A Case Study on Cikidang Fishing Port, Pangandaran. IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science, 1118(1).
• 69. Purwiyanto AIS, Suteja Y, Ningrum PS, Putri WAE, Agustriani F, Cordova MR, Koropitan AF. 2020. Concentration and adsorption of Pb and Cu in microplastics: case study in aquatic environment. Marine pollution bulletin, 158, 111380.
• 70. Qu F, Nunnally CC, Lemanski JR, Wade TL, Amon RMW, Rowe GT. 2016. Polychaete annelid (segmented worms) abundance and species composition in the proximity (6–9 km) of the Deep Water Horizon (DWH) Oil Spill in the Deep Gulf of Mexico. Deep Sea Research Part II: Topical Studies in Oceanography, 129, 130–136.
• 71. Quirós-Rodríguez JA, Santafé-Patiño G, Dueñas-Ramírez P. 2023. Polychaetes (Polychaeta, Annelida) from Rhizophora mangle roots in Cispatá Bay, Colombian Caribbean. Regional Studies in Marine Science, 65, 103083.
• 72. Rajeshkumar S, Li X. 2018. Bioaccumulation of heavy metals in fish species from the Meiliang Bay, Taihu Lake, China. Toxicology Reports, 5, 288–295.
• 73. Rapi HS, Awatif Che Soh N, Azam NSM, Maulidiani M, Assaw S, Haron MN, Ali AM, Idris I, Ismail WIW. 2020. Effectiveness of Aqueous Extract of Marine Baitworm Marphysa moribidii Idris, Hutchings and Arshad, 2014 (Annelida, Polychaeta), on Acute Wound Healing Using Sprague Dawley Rats. Evidence-based Complementary and Alternative Medicine : eCAM, 2020.
• 74. Rebai N, Mosbahi N, Dauvin JC, Neifar L. 2022. Ecological Risk Assessment of Heavy Metals and Environmental Quality of Tunisian Harbours. Journal of Marine Science and Engineering 2022, Vol 10, Page 1625, 10(11), 1625.
• 75. Rizk R, Juzsakova T, Ali M Ben, Rawash MA, Domokos E, Hedfi A, Almalki M, Boufahja F, Shafik HM, Rédey Á. 2022. Comprehensive environmental assessment of heavy metal contamination of surface water, sediments and Nile Tilapia in Lake Nasser, Egypt. Journal of King Saud University - Science, 34(1), 101748.
• 76. Rizqydiani M, Ismet MS, Bengen DG. 2018. Diversity of meiofauna and its association to seagrass beds characteristics in Pramuka Island, Seribu Islands. IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science, 176(1).
• 77. Romano E, Magno MC, Bergamin L. 2017. Grain size data analysis of marine sediments, from sampling to measuring and classifying. A critical review. IMEKO TC19 Workshop on Metrology for the Sea, MetroSea 2017: Learning to Measure Sea Health Parameters, 2017-Octob, 173–178.
• 78. Romero-Estévez D, Yánez-Jácome GS, Navarrete H. 2023. Non-essential metal contamination in Ecuadorian agricultural production: A critical review. Journal of Food Composition and Analysis, 115, 104932.
• 79. Rong Y, Tang Y, Ren L, Taylor WD, Razlutskij V, Naselli-Flores L, Liu Z, Zhang X. 2021. Effects of the filter-feeding benthic bivalve corbicula fluminea on plankton community and water quality in aquatic ecosystems: A mesocosm study. Water (Switzerland), 13(13), 1–12.
• 80. Rozirwan, Fauziyah, Nugroho RY, Melki, Ulqodry TZ, Agustriani F, Ningsih EN, Putri WAE. 2022a. An ecological assessment of crab’s diversity among habitats of migratory birds at berbak-sembilang national park indonesia. International Journal of Conservation Science, 13(3), 961–972.
• 81. Rozirwan, Hananda H, Nugroho RY, Apri R, Khotimah NN, Fauziyah F, Putri WAE, Aryawati R. 2023a. Antioxidant Activity, Total Phenolic, Phytochemical Content, and HPLC Profile of Selected Mangrove Species from Tanjung Api-Api Port Area, South Sumatra, Indonesia. Tropical Journal of Natural Product Research Available, 7(7), 3482–3489.
• 82. Rozirwan, Melki, Apri R, Fauziyah, Agussalim A, Hartoni, Iskandar I. 2021a. Assessment the macrobenthic diversity and community structure in the Musi Estuary, South Sumatra, Indonesia. Acta Ecologica Sinica, 41(4), 346–350.
• 83. Rozirwan, Melki, Apri R, Nugroho RY, Fauziyah, Agussalim A, Iskandar I. 2021b. Assessment of phytoplankton community structure in Musi Estuary, South Sumatra, Indonesia. AACL Bioflux, 14, 1451–1463.
• 84. Rozirwan, Nugroho RY, Hendri M, Fauziyah, Putri WAE, Agussalim A. 2022b. Phytochemical profile and toxicity of extracts from the leaf of Avicennia marina (Forssk.) Vierh. collected in mangrove areas affected by port activities. South African Journal of Botany, 150, 903–919.
• 85. Rozirwan R, Muhtadi M, Ulqodry TZ, Nugroho RY, Khotimah NN, Fauziyah F, Putri WAE, Aryawati R, Mohamed CAR. 2023b. Insecticidal Activity and Phytochemical Profiles of Avicennia marina and Excoecaria agallocha Leaves Extracts. ILMU KELAUTAN: Indonesian Journal of Marine Sciences, 28(2), 148–160.
• 86. Rozirwan, Ramadani S, Ayu W, Putri E, Nur N, Nugroho RY. 2023c. Evaluation of Calcium and Phosphorus content in Scallop Shells ( Placuna placenta) and Blood Cockle Shells ( Anadara granosa ) from Banyuasin Waters, South Sumatra. Egyptian Journal of Aquatic Biology & Fisheries Zoology Department, Faculty of Science, 27(3), 1053–1068.
• 87. Rugebregt MJ, Nurhati IS. 2020. Preliminary Study of Ocean Acidification: Relationship of pH, Temperature, and Salinity in Ohoililir, Southeast Maluku. IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science, 618(1).
• 88. Ryabchuk D, Orlova M, Kaskela A, Kotilainen A, Sergeev A, Sukhacheva L, Zhamoida V, Budanov L, Neevin I. 2020. The eastern Gulf of Finland—brackish water estuary under natural conditions and anthropogenic stress. Seafloor Geomorphology as Benthic Habitat: GeoHab Atlas of Seafloor Geomorphic Features and Benthic Habitats, 281–301.
• 89. Saputra A, Nugroho RY, Isnaini R, Rozirwan. 2021. A review: The potential of microalgae as a marine food alternative in Banyuasin Estuary, South Sumatra, Indonesia. Egyptian Journal of Aquatic Biology and Fisheries, 25(2), 1053–1065.
• 90. Schulze A. 2023. Worms, Annelida. Reference Module in Life Sciences,. https://doi.org/10.1016/B978-0-12-822562-2.00094-3.
• 91. Shaheen SM, Abdelrazek MAS, Elthoth M, Moghanm FS, Mohamed R, Hamza A, El-Habashi N, Wang J, Rinklebe J. 2019. Potentially toxic elements in saltmarsh sediments and common reed (Phragmites australis) of Burullus coastal lagoon at North Nile Delta, Egypt: A survey and risk assessment. Science of The Total Environment, 649, 1237–1249.
• 92. Shaheen SM, Shams MS, Khalifa MR, El-Dali MA, Rinklebe J. 2017. Various soil amendments and environmental wastes affect the (im)mobilization and phytoavailability of potentially toxic elements in a sewage effluent irrigated sandy soil. Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety, 142, 375–387.
• 93. Shimod KP, Vineethkumar V, Prasad TK, Jayapal G. 2022. Effect of urbanization on heavy metal contamination: a study on major townships of Kannur District in Kerala, India. Bulletin of the National Research Centre, 46(1).
• 94. Silva-Gigante M, Hinojosa-Reyes L, Rosas-Castor JM, Quero-Jiménez PC, Pino-Sandoval DA, Guzmán-Mar JL. 2023. Heavy metals and metalloids accumulation in common beans (Phaseolus vulgaris L.): A review. Chemosphere, 335, 139010.
• 95. Singh JK, Kumar P, Kumar R. 2020. Ecological risk assessment of heavy metal contamination in mangrove forest sediment of Gulf of Khambhat region, West Coast of India. SN Applied Sciences, 2(12), 1–11.
• 96. Singh V, Singh N, Rai SN, Kumar A, Singh AK, Singh MP, Sahoo A, Shekhar S, Vamanu E, Mishra V. 2023. Heavy Metal Contamination in the Aquatic Ecosystem: Toxicity and Its Remediation Using Eco-Friendly Approaches. Toxics, 11(2).
• 97. Slobodian MR, Petahtegoose JD, Wallis AL, Levesque DC, Merritt TJS. 2021. The Effects of Essential and Non-Essential Metal Toxicity in the Drosophila melanogaster Insect Model: A Review. Toxics, 9(10).
• 98. Smeds J, Öquist M, Nilsson MB, Bishop K. 2022. A Simplified Drying Procedure for Analysing Hg Concentrations. Water, Air, and Soil Pollution, 233(6), 1–9.
• 99. Smethurst DGJ, Shcherbik N. 2021. Interchangeable utilization of metals: New perspectives on the impacts of metal ions employed in ancient and extant biomolecules. The Journal of Biological Chemistry, 297(6), 1.
• 100. Steinhausen SL, Agyeman N, Turrero P, Ardura A, Garcia-Vazquez E. 2022. Heavy metals in fish nearby electronic waste may threaten consumer’s health. Examples from Accra, Ghana. Marine pollution bulletin, 175, 113162.
• 101. Su J, Huang G, Zhang Z. 2022. Migration and diffusion characteristics of air pollutants and meteorological influences in Northwest China: a case study of four mining areas. Environmental Science and Pollution Research, 29(36), 55003–55025.
• 102. Sui Q, Duan L, Zhang Y, Zhang X, Liu Q, Zhang H. 2022. Seasonal Water Quality Changes and the Eutrophication of Lake Yilong in Southwest China. Water, 3385, 14(21), 3385.
• 103. Susilowati DI, Affandi R, Sulistiono. 2022. Analysis of heavy metals content Hg, Cd, Pb, and Cu of green mussel Perna viridis (Linnaeus, 1758) in Bojonegara Coastal Waters of Banten Bay, Indonesia. IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science, 1083(1).
• 104. Taslima K, Al-Emran M, Rahman MS, Hasan J, Ferdous Z, Rohani MF, Shahjahan M. 2022. Impacts of heavy metals on early development, growth and reproduction of fish - A review. Toxicology reports, 9, 858–868.
• 105. Tchounwou PB, Yedjou CG, Patlolla AK, Sutton DJ. 2012. Heavy Metals Toxicity and the Environment. EXS, 101, 133.
• 106. Tjahjono A, Sugiharto R, Wahyuni O. 2022. Study of water and sediment surface quality on defilement of heavy metals Pb & Cd at a downstream section of Musi River, South Sumatera, Indonesia. Revista Ambiente e Agua, 17(1), 1–20.
• 107. Usman K, Abu-Dieyeh MH, Zouari N, Al-Ghouti MA. 2020. Lead (Pb) bioaccumulation and antioxidative responses in Tetraena qataranse. Scientific Reports, 10(1), 17070.
• 108. Wang C, Chen J, Li Z, Abouel Nasr ES, El-Tamimi AM. 2019. An indicator system for evaluating the development of land-sea coordination systems: A case study of Lianyungang port. Ecological Indicators, 98, 112–120.
• 109. Wang C, Wang K, Zhou W, Li Y, Zou G, Wang Z. 2023. Occurrence, Risk, and Source of Heavy Metals in Lake Water Columns and Sediment Cores in Jianghan Plain, Central China. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 20(4), 3676.
• 110. Wang R, Zhang L, Chen Y, Zhang S, Zhuang T, Wang L, Xu M, Zhang N, Liu S. 2020. Elevated non-essential metals and the disordered metabolism of essential metals are associated to abnormal pregnancy with spontaneous abortion. Environment International, 144, 106061.
• 111. Wang Y, long Li B, Zhu J le, Feng Q, Liu W, hua He Y, Wang X. 2022. Assessment of heavy metals in surface water, sediment and macrozoobenthos in inland rivers: a case study of the Heihe River, Northwest China. Environmental science and pollution research international, 29(23), 35253–35268.
• 112. Windarto AB, Rampengan RM, Pratasik SB. 2023. Morphometric study of macrozoobenthos community in Manado Beach, North Sulawesi. AACL Bioflux, 16(3), 1682–1690.
• 113. Xie Z, Zhu G, Xu M, Zhang H, Yi W, Jiang Y, Liang M, Wang Z. 2022. Risk assessment of heavy metals in a typical mangrove ecosystem - A case study of Shankou Mangrove National Natural Reserve, southern China. Marine Pollution Bulletin, 178, 113642.
• 114. Yi J, Lo LSH, Liu H, Qian P-Y, Cheng J. 2021. Study of heavy metals and microbial communities in contaminated sediments along an urban estuary. Frontiers in Marine Science, 8, 741912.
• 115. Yozukmaz A, Yabanlı M. 2023. Heavy Metal Contamination and Potential Ecological Risk Assessment in Sediments of Lake Bafa (Turkey). Sustainability, 15(13), 9969.
• 116. Yu Z, Wang Q, Xu Y, Lu M, Lin Z, Gao B. 2022. Dynamic impacts of changes in river structure and connectivity on water quality under urbanization in the Yangtze River Delta plain. Ecological Indicators, 135, 108582.
• 117. Yuan Y, Sun T, Wang H, Liu Y, Pan Y, Xie Y, Huang H, Fan Z. 2020. Bioaccumulation and health risk assessment of heavy metals to bivalve species in Daya Bay (South China Sea): Consumption advisory. Marine pollution bulletin, 150.
• 118. Zaynab M, Al-Yahyai R, Ameen A, Sharif Y, Ali L, Fatima M, Khan KA, Li S. 2022. Health and environmental effects of heavy metals. Journal of King Saud University - Science, 34(1), 101653.
• 119. Zhang Q, Ren F, Xiong X, Gao H, Wang Y, Sun W, Leng P, Li Z, Bai Y. 2021. Spatial distribution and contamination assessment of heavy metal pollution of sediments in coastal reclamation areas: a case study in Shenzhen Bay, China. Environmental Sciences Europe, 33(1), 1–11.
• 120. Zhang S, Fu K, Gao S, Liang B, Lu J, Fu G. 2023. Bioaccumulation of Heavy Metals in the Water, Sediment, and Organisms from The Sea Ranching Areas of Haizhou Bay in China. Water, 15(12), 2218.
• 121. Zhong WS, Ren T, Zhao LJ. 2016. Determination of Pb (Lead), Cd (Cadmium), Cr (Chromium), Cu (Copper), and Ni (Nickel) in Chinese tea with high-resolution continuum source graphite furnace atomic absorption spectrometry. Journal of Food and Drug Analysis, 24(1), 46–55.

Uwagi

Opracowanie rekordu ze środków MNiSW, umowa nr SONP/SP/546092/2022 w ramach programu "Społeczna odpowiedzialność nauki" - moduł: Popularyzacja nauki i promocja sportu (2024).