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Properties of new-generation hybrid layers combining hardfacing and nitriding dedicated to improvement in forging tools’ durability

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Warianty tytułu
Języki publikacji
EN
Abstrakty
EN
This article deals with the subject of layers produced in a hybrid process combining hardfacing and nitriding. These layers are characterized by improved resistance to wear, which arises from the synergy between favorable materials during hardfacing and nitriding treatment. Tests were conducted on hot-work tool steel (H11) samples. Hardfaced layers consisting of three layers were applied to these samples, where layers were made from two materials-Robotool 46 and Hardface VMolc powder wires. Next, samples of both materials were nitrided using ZeroFlow gas nitriding technology, with control of potential aimed at obtaining a diffusion layer without a white zone of nitrides on the surface. The next step was to investigate the properties of hardfaced layers and of layers hardfaced after nitriding treatment. Conducted tests covered observations of the microstructure, microhardness measurements as a function of distance from the surface, measurement of stresses in the surface layer by means of X-ray diffraction, and tribological tests. Obtained test results show that hybrid layers combining hardfacing and nitriding may be suitable for improving the lifetime of tools applied in hot forging processes.
Rocznik
Strony
212--223
Opis fizyczny
Bibliogr. 25 poz., rys., wykr.
Twórcy
  • Department of Metal Forming, Welding and Metrology, Wroclaw University of Science and Technology, Lukasiewicza Street 5, Wrocław, Poland
  • Department of Metal Forming, Welding and Metrology, Wroclaw University of Science and Technology, Lukasiewicza Street 5, Wrocław, Poland
  • Department of Metal Forming, Welding and Metrology, Wroclaw University of Science and Technology, Lukasiewicza Street 5, Wrocław, Poland
autor
  • Department of Metal Forming, Welding and Metrology, Wroclaw University of Science and Technology, Lukasiewicza Street 5, Wrocław, Poland
  • Department of Metal Working and Physical Metallurgy of Non‑Ferrous Metals, AGH University of Science and Technology, Al. Mickiewicza 30, 30‑059 Kraków, Poland
  • Department of Materials Engineering, Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, Lublin University of Technology, Nadbystrzycka 36 Street, 20‑618 Lublin, Poland
Bibliografia
  • [1] Deshpande M, Altan T. Selection of die materials and surface treatments for increasing die life in hot and warm forging. https ://www.forgi ng.org/uploa ded/conte nt/media /Altan paper Die_mater ials_and_surfa ce_treat ments 6.pdf.
  • [2] Gronostajski Z, Pater Z, Madej L, et al. Recent development trends in metal forming. Arch Civ Mech Eng. 2019;19(3):898–941.
  • [3] Widomski P, Gronostajski Z. Comprehensive review of methods for increasing the durability of hot forging tools. Proc Manuf. 2020. https ://doi.org/10.1016/j.promf g.2020.04.280.
  • [4] Lange K, Cser L, Geiger M, Kals JAG. Tool life and tool quality in bulk metal forming. CIRP Ann Manuf Technol. 1992;41(2):667–75.
  • [5] Hawryluk M. Review of selected methods of increasing the life of forging tools in hot die forging processes. Arch Civ Mech Eng. 2016;16(4):845–66.
  • [6] Hawryluk M, Gronostajki Z, Kaszuba M, Polak S, Widomski P, Ziemba J. Analysis of the wear of forging tools surface layer after hybrid surface treatment. Int J Mach Tools Manuf. 2017. https ://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijmac htool s.2016.12.010.
  • [7] Yilkiran T, Behrens BA, Paschke H, Weber M, Brand H. The potential of plasma deposition techniques in the application field of forging processes. Arch Civ Mech Eng. 2012;12(3):284–91.
  • [8] Jia Z, Ji J. Influence analysis of shot peening on hot forging die. Int J Adv Manuf Technol. 2017;90(5–8):1779–87.
  • [9] Gronostajski Z, Kaszuba M, Widomski P, Smolik J, Ziemba J, Hawryluk M. Analysis of wear mechanisms of hot forging tools protected with hybrid layers performed by nitriding and PVD coatings deposition. Wear. 2019;420–421:269–80.
  • [10] Gronostajski Z, Widomski P, Kaszuba M, Zwierzchowski M, Hawryluk M. Influence of both hardfaced and nitrided layers on the durability of hot forging tools. Surf Innov. 2018;6(4–5):301–10.
  • [11] Mittemeijer EJ. Fundamentals of nitriding and nitrocarburizing. In: Dossett JL, Totten GE, editors. Steel heat treating fundamentals and processes. Washington: ASM; 2018.
  • [12] Kucharska B, Michalski J, Wójcik G. Mechanical and microstructural aspects of C20-steel blades subjected to gas nitriding. Arch Civ Mech Eng. 2019. https ://doi.org/10.1016/j.acme.2018.09.006.
  • [13] Mrzygłód B, Hawryluk M, Gronostajski Z, et al. Durability analysis of forging tools after different variants of surface treatment using a decision-support system based on artificial neural networks. Arch Civ Mech Eng. 2018;18(4):1079–91.
  • [14] Kashani H, Amadeh A, Farhani M. Improvement of wear resistance of hot working tool steel by hardfacing. Part 1-effect of microstructure and hardness. Mater Sci Technol. 2007. https ://doi.org/10.1179/17432 8407X 15422 0.
  • [15] Kashani H, Amadeh A, Vatanara MR. Improvement of wear resistance of hot working tool steel by hardfacing. Part 2—case study. Mater Sci Technol. 2008;24(3):356–60.
  • [16] Behrens BA, Yilkiran T, Ocylok S, Weisheit A, Kelbassa I. Deposition welding of hot forging dies using nanoparticle reinforced weld metal. Prod Eng. 2014;8:645–58.
  • [17] Jeyaprakash N, Yang CH, Duraiselvam M, Sivasankaran S. Comparative study of laser melting and pre-placed Ni–20% Cr alloying over nodular iron surface. Arch Civ Mech Eng. 2020. https ://doi.org/10.1007/s4345 2-020-00030 -4.
  • [18] Buchmayr B. Damage, lifetime, and repair of forging dies. BHM Berg Huettenmaenn Monatsh. 2017;162:88–93.
  • [19] Ahn DG, Lee HJ, Cho JR, Guk DS. Improvement of the wear resistance of hot forging dies using a locally selective deposition technology with transition layers. CIRP Ann Manuf Technol. 2016;65(1):257–60.
  • [20] Duchek M, Koukolikova M, Kotous J, Majer M. Increasing of the lifetime of large forging dies by repairwelding. In: IOP conference series: materials science and engineering; 2018.
  • [21] Alphonsa J, Padsala BA, Chauhan BJ, et al. Plasma nitriding on welded joints of AISI 304 stainless steel. Surf Coatings Technol. 2013. https ://doi.org/10.1016/j.surfc oat.2012.05.113.
  • [22] Lukin VI, Kovalchuk VG, Golev YV, Mazalov IS. Ovchenkova II (2013) Welding a creep-resisting Ni–Co–Cr (VZh171) alloy strengthened by nitriding. Weld Int. 2013. https ://doi.org/10.1080/09507 116.2013.79664 2.
  • [23] Gronostajski Z, Widomski P, Kaszuba M, et al. Influence of the phase structure of nitrides and properties of nitrided layers on the durability of tools applied in hot forging processes. J Manuf Process. 2020;52:247–62.
  • [24] Tasak E, Ziewiec A, Ziewiec K. Problemy wystepujące przy spawaniu i naprawie spoin stali różnorodnych. Arch Foundry/Arch Odlew. 2006;6(21):221–7.
  • [25] International Institute of Welding. Document II-421-03. A Classification system for hardfacing alloys.
Uwagi
PL
Opracowanie rekordu ze środków MNiSW, umowa Nr 461252 w ramach programu "Społeczna odpowiedzialność nauki" - moduł: Popularyzacja nauki i promocja sportu (2021)
Typ dokumentu
Bibliografia
Identyfikator YADDA
bwmeta1.element.baztech-e93dbce2-bbb8-410a-b17a-fba2c93a4b15
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