Real-Time Dynamic Load Identification

• Autorzy: Sekuła K. D.

Warianty tytułu

PL

Identyfikacja obiążeń dynamicznych w czasie rzeczywistym

• Języki publikacji: EN

Abstrakty

EN

The thesis is devoted to the area of load identification problems. It is rather experimental in matter. However, the experimental research was supplemented with numerical simulations in order to expand the area of investigation. The thesis contains three main parts of research. In the first one (Chapter 2) the problem of load identification in road transport is considered. The identification task consists of estimation of the tire-pavement contact force as well as the detection of the vehicle mass. The research is devoted to the so-called road Weigh-in-Motion (WIM) techniques utilizing use of piezoelectric strain sensors. The feasibility study of two new types of WIM devices (i.e., a beam-shape one and a plate-shape one) were conducted. Their development was supported by numerical modeling validated experimentally. It allowed to investigate some factors important for the estimation of a moving load by means of proposed devices and moreover the load identification algorithms were proposed for these devices. In the further part of dissertation (Chapter 3), development and practical implementation of WIM device for the railway transport is discussed. A methodology based on the monitoring of strain development in the rail caused by the running train was proposed. The strain piezoelectric sensors were used and their readings were verified by another measurements techniques, e.g., strain gauges. The experimental research was carried out in-situ and enabled to validate the numerical model of the rail-sleeper-ground system. A numerical and experimental research allowed propose the identification algorithm and to analyze the crucial factors that need to be considered in order to obtain proper values of the dynamic forces exerted by train running on the rail. The research described in the fourth chapter is fundamental matter. An analysis of the process of a rigid body impact into a pneumatic absorber is considered. Two algorithms for real-time impact load parameters estimation have been defined. The identification of impacting object's mass and initial velocity (i.e., kinetic energy) have been considered. The proposed methods were experimentally and numerically verified.

PL

Przedmiotem rozprawy jest tematyka związana z identyfikacją obciążeń. Praca ma charakter głównie eksperymentalny, z wykorzystaniem modelowania numerycznego w celu rozszerzenia zbioru testów eksperymentalnych. Rozprawa zawiera trzy zasadnicze części merytoryczne. W pierwszej z nich (Rozdział 2) rozważany jest problem identyfikacji obciążeń w ruchu drogowym. Zagadnienie to rozumiane jest jako estymacja siły kontaktowej, występującej między kołami pojazdu a nawierzchnią drogi, oraz masy pojazdu. Przedmiotem badań są dynamiczne wagi drogowe (ang. Weigh-in-Motion), w których do pomiaru wykorzystano technologię piezoelektrycznych czujników odkształceń. Badania obejmowały symulacje numeryczne oraz testy w rzeczywistych warunkach drogowych dwóch wersji urządzeń bazujących na belkowym oraz płytowym przetwornik nacisku. Przeanalizowane zostały czynniki istotne ze względu na dokładność estymacji obciążeń oraz sformułowano algorytmy identyfikacji dedykowane dla dwóch badanych wersji urządzeń. Kolejna część rozprawy (Rozdział 3) poświęcona jest na rozwój i praktyczną realizację dynamicznej wagi kolejowej. Zaproponowano metodę wykorzystującą pomiar odkształceń szyny kolejowej wywołanych przejazdem pociągu. Do pomiaru zastosowano piezoelektryczne czujniki odkształceń których działanie zweryfikowano stosując tensometry oporowe. Zrealizowane zostały badania w warunkach polowych oraz wykonano model numeryczny układu szyna-podkład-podtorze. Testy eksperymentalne i symulacje numeryczne umożliwiły sformułowanie algorytmów identyfikacji oraz analizę parametrów, mających wpływ na dokładność wyznaczenia obciążeń. Rozważania przedstawione w czwartym rozdziale rozprawy mają charakter badań podstawowych. Analizowany był proces uderzenia spadającego obiektu w absorber pneumatyczny. Badania pozwoliły na zaproponowanie dwóch algorytmów detekcji parametrów obciążenia. Rozważano identyfikację masy i prędkości uderzającego obiektu (a więc i jego energii kinetycznej) bez konieczności lokalizacji czujników na uderzającym obiekcie. Zaproponowane metody zweryfikowano numerycznie i eksperymentalnie.

Słowa kluczowe

EN

numerical simulation; load; load identification; road transport

PL

modelowanie numeryczne; obciążenia; identyfikacja obiążeń; ruch drogowy

• Wydawca: Instytut Podstawowych Problemów Techniki PAN
• Czasopismo: IPPT Reports on Fundamental Technological Research
• Rocznik: 2013
• Tom: nr 7
• Strony: 1--182
• Opis fizyczny: Bibliogr. 170 poz., rys.

Twórcy

autor

Sekuła K. D.

• Instytut Podstawowych Problemów Techniki Polskiej Akademii Nauk

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