Zastosowanie spektroskopii w podczerwieni do badań węgli i materiałów węglowych

Strójwąs, A.

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Tytuł artykułu

Zastosowanie spektroskopii w podczerwieni do badań węgli i materiałów węglowych

Autorzy

Strójwąs A.

Identyfikatory

Warianty tytułu

The application of infrared spectroscopy to study coals and coal materials

Języki publikacji

Abstrakty

Celem niniejszej pracy było podsumowanie aktualnego stanu wiedzy na temat wykorzystania spektroskopii w podczerwieni do badania węgli i materiałów węglowych. Spektroskopia w podczerwieni jest jedną z najbardziej przydatnych metod stosowanych w analizie instrumentalnej do badań węgli i materiałów węglowych. Pozwala w sposób nieniszczący badać strukturę chemiczną charakteryzowanych obiektów. Metoda ta daje możliwość wykazania obecności struktur węglowodorowych (aromatycznych i alifatycznych) i ugrupowań heteroatomowych (głównie tlenowych) jak również wykrywania obecności minerałów. Obecnie jest jedną z najskuteczniejszych technik umożliwiających scharakteryzowanie węgla, a tym samym jest niezwykle ważna przy opracowaniu procedur przetwarzania węgla (spalania, produkcji koksu itp.). Omówiono trzy techniki spektroskopii IR: technikę odbicia rozproszonego DRIFT – Diffuse Reflectance Infrared Fourier Transform Spectroscopy, technikę spektroskopii fotoakustycznej PAS – Photoacoustic Spectroscopy oraz technikę osłabionego całkowitego odbicia ATR – Attenuated Total Reflectance. W pracy szczególną uwagę zwrócono na zmiany zachodzące w trakcie procesów uwęglenia i pirolizy. Przedstawione powyżej wyniki badań wskazują, że ugrupowania występujące w organicznej masie węgli mogą zasadniczo wpływać na ich właściwości. Dlatego też analiza przebiegu zmian zawartości tych ugrupowań przy wykorzystaniu spektroskopii w podczerwieni może przyczynić się do dokładniejszego poznania przemian strukturalnych zachodzących podczas procesów takich jak piroliza czy uwęglenie.

The aim of this work was to summarize the current knowledge on the use of infrared spectroscopy to study coals and coal materials. Infrared spectroscopy is one of the most useful methods of instrumental analysis used in research on coals and coal materials. It allows non-destructively to study the chemical structure of the characterized objects. This method provides a possibility to reveal the presence of hydrocarbon structures (aromatic and aliphatic) and heteroatomic functions (mainly oxygenated), as well as to detect the presence of minerals. Currently it is one of the most powerful techniques for coal characterization and thus it is of paramount importance in the elaboration of various procedures of coal processing (combustion, coke production processes, etc.). Three techniques of IR spectroscopy have been discussed: DRIFT – Diffuse Reflectance Infrared Fourier Transform Spectroscopy, PAS – Photoacoustic Spectroscopy and ATR – Attenuated Total Reflectance. In this work special attention has been paid to the changes occurring during coalification and pyrolysis. The above presented results of the studies suggest that the moieties occurring in the organic mass of coals can fundamentally affect their properties. Therefore the analysis of the course of changes in the content of these moieties using infrared spectroscopy can contribute to a more thorough understanding of the structural changes occurring during the processes like coal pyrolysis or coalification.

Słowa kluczowe

spektroskopia w podczerwieni piroliza uwęglenie

infrared spectroscopy pyrolysis coalification

Wydawca

Wydawnictwo Górnicze Sp. z o.o.

Czasopismo

Karbo

Rocznik

2016

Tom

Nr 3-4

Strony

48--56

Opis fizyczny

Bibliogr. 61 poz., rys., tab.

Twórcy

autor

Strójwąs A.

Andrzej.Strojwas@ujk.edu.pl

Zaklad Technologii Chemicznej, Instytut Chemii, Uniwersytet Jana Kochanowskiego w Kielcach, ul. Świetokrzyska 15 G, 25-406 Kielce

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Bibliografia

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