Securing Topsoil for Rehabilitation Using Fly Ash in Open-Cast Coal Mines: Effects of Fly Ash on Plant Growth

• Autorzy: Matsumoto Shinji , Hamanaka Akihiro , Murakami Kaito , Shimada Hideki , Sasaoka Takashi

Identyfikatory

DOI

10.29227/IM-2019-01-02

Warianty tytułu

PL

Przygotowanie wierzchniej warstwy gleby do rekultywacji przy użyciu popiołu lotnego w kopalniach odkrywkowych: wpływ popiołów lotnych na wzrost roślin

• Języki publikacji: EN

Abstrakty

EN

Rehabilitation is an important stage in mining operations for environmental conservation. However, the shortage of topsoil makes it difficult to achieve rehabilitation in open-cast coal mines. Securing topsoil by mixing soil with fly ash (FA), which is treated as an industrial waste, is expected to solve this issue in coal mines. While mixing soil with FA makes it possible to secure the topsoil and treat industrial waste simultaneously, the high alkalinity of FA and the dissolution of heavy metals from FA may inhibit plant growth. This study investigated the effects of FA in the topsoil on plant growth via vegetation tests with simulated topsoil mixed with FA using Acacia mangium, a species of flowering tree: the FA mixing ratios were set to 0%, 20%, 40%, 60%, and 100%. The growth of Acacia mangium was inhibited with increasing FA mixing ratio, especially from 60% to 80%. However, the growth rate of Acacia mangium in an FA mixing ratio of 100% was nearly comparable to that in a mixing ratio of 40%. Furthermore, there were no effects of the physical characteristics and pH conditions in the topsoil on the plant growth at any of the mixing ratios; meanwhi- le, the accumulated concentration of Al in the plant body increased significantly at an FA mixing ratio of 60%–80%. This suggests that the accumulation of Al, which inhibits plant growth, including root growth and its functions, in the plant body inhibited the growth of Acacia mangium. Therefore, the most important aspect in terms of rehabilitation concerning the use of FA for securing topsoil is not the mixing ratio of FA but the amount of Al in the FA and the accumulation of Al in the plant body.

PL

Rekultywacja jest ważnym etapem w eksploatacji górniczej wzakresie ochrony środowiska. Brak wierzchniej warstwy gleby utrudnia osiągnięcie efektu rekultywacji w kopalniach odkrywkowych. Oczekuje się, że zabezpieczenie wierzchniej warstwy gleby przez zmieszanie gleby z popiołem lotnym (FA), który jest traktowany jako odpad przemysłowy, rozwiąże ten problem w odkrywkowych kopalniach węgla. Podczas mieszania gleby z FA możliwe jest jednoczesne zabezpieczenie wierzchniej warstwy gleby i utylizacja odpadów przemysłowych. Jednak wysoka alkaliczność FA i rozpuszczanie metali ciężkich z FA może hamować wzrost roślin. W artykule przedstawiono wpływ dodatku FA do wierzchniej warstwy gleby na wzrost roślin poprzez testy roślinności z symulowaną wierzchnią warstwą gleby zmieszaną z FA przy użyciu Acacia mangium i gatunków drzew kwitnących. Proporcje mieszanek FA zostały określone na 0%, 20%, 40%, 60% i 100%. Wzrost Acacia Mangium był hamowany wraz ze wzrostem zawartości FA, zwłaszcza od 60% do 80%. Jednak tempo wzrostu w mieszance FA w proporcji 40% było praktycznie takie jak bez dodatku FA. Ponadto nie zaobserwowano wpływu właściwości fizycznych i warunków pH w wierzchniej warstwie gleby na wzrost roślin w żadnej mieszance. Oznacza to, że skumulowane stężenie Al w roślinie znacznie wzrosło dla mieszanek z dodatkiem FA 60% -80%. Sugeruje to, że nagromadzenie Al, które hamuje wzrost roślin, w tym wzrost korzeni i jego funkcje, w organizmie rośliny hamuje wzrost Acacia Mangium. Dlatego najważniejszym aspektem rekultywacji z zastosowaniem FA do zabezpieczania wierzchniej warstwy gleby nie jest wielkość dodatku FA, lecz ilość Al w FA i akumulacja Al w roślinie.

Słowa kluczowe

EN

open-cast coal mine; fly ash; topsoil; rehabilitation; Acacia mangium; aluminum (Al)

PL

kopalnia odkrywkowa; popiół lotny; wierzchnia warstwa gleby; rekultywacja; Acacia mangium; akacja mangowa; aluminium; Al

• Wydawca: Polskie Towarzystwo Przeróbki Kopalin
• Czasopismo: Inżynieria Mineralna
• Rocznik: 2019
• Tom: R. 21, nr 1
• Strony: 13--18
• Opis fizyczny: Bibliogr. 24 poz., tab., wykr.

Twórcy

autor

Matsumoto Shinji

• Geological Survey of Japan, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology, 1-1-1, Higashi, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan

autor

Hamanaka Akihiro

• Department of Earth Resources Engineering, Kyushu University, 744, Motooka, Nishiku, Fukuoka, Japan

autor

Murakami Kaito

• Department of Earth Resources Engineering, Kyushu University, 744, Motooka, Nishiku, Fukuoka, Japan

autor

Shimada Hideki

• Department of Earth Resources Engineering, Kyushu University, 744, Motooka, Nishiku, Fukuoka, Japan

autor

Sasaoka Takashi

• Department of Earth Resources Engineering, Kyushu University, 744, Motooka, Nishiku, Fukuoka, Japan

Bibliografia

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• 4. ASTM C618-12a (2012), Standard specification for coal fly ash and raw or calcined natural pozzolan for use in concrete. ASTM International, West Conshohocken, PA, 2012.
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Uwagi

Opracowanie rekordu w ramach umowy 509/P-DUN/2018 ze środków MNiSW przeznaczonych na działalność upowszechniającą naukę (2019).