Wybrane antropogeniczne czynniki zanieczyszczenia wód powierzchniowych. Analiza zjawiska

• Autorzy: Próba M

Warianty tytułu

EN

Chosen anthropogenic factors of surface water pollution. Analysis of the phenomenon

• Języki publikacji: PL

Abstrakty

PL

Omówiono problem ryzyka obecności w wodach wybranych zanieczyszczeń śladowych. Przedstawiono zestawienie wyników z kilku krajów, jak również sytuację w Polsce. Szczególny nacisk został położony na zanieczyszczenia wody kofeiną, związkami chemicznymi pełniącymi rolę filtrów UV oraz narkotykami. Została podkreślona potrzeba dodatkowej dezynfekcji wody pitnej. W tej pracy przedstawiono wynik stężenia filtrów UV oznaczonych w wodach powierzchniowych, w wodach śródlądowych oraz w oceanie. Związki te mogą przedostawać się do wód powierzchniowych bezpośrednio (po zmyciu ze skóry podczas pływania i kąpieli) lub pośrednio przez oczyszczalnie ścieków (po zmyciu w trakcie kąpieli lub wyprane z tekstyliów). Uzyskane dane wskazują, że woda pochodząca z kanałów burzowych, znajdująca się w środowisku miejskim, jest powszechnie skażona przez odpływy z gospodarstw domowych. Stężenie kofeiny i narkotyków jest skorelowane z obecnością ścieków komunalnych, a kofeina może być wykorzystana jako wskaźnik chemiczny poziomu zanieczyszczenia w wodach. W celu lepszego zrozumienia źródeł i zagrożeń wynikających z zanieczyszczenia kofeiną i innymi substancjami dalsze badania powinny być prowadzone. Należy zwrócić uwagę również na sezonowe wahania w natężeniu tego zjawiska. Warto też poznać procesy, które mogą mieć wpływ na migrację kofeiny, filtrów UV i nielegalnych narkotyków w wodach powierzchniowych.

EN

In the paper the problem of water pollution risks with chosen trace impurities was discussed. The results of investigation from different countries were shown. Polish results were presented as well. Particular emphasis was placed on the water pollution with caffeine, UV filters and illegal drugs. The need for additional disinfection of drinking water was highlighted. In this work, concentrations of UV filters were determined in surface waters, in inland waters and in the ocean. These compounds may enter surface waters directly (when released from skin during swimming and bathing) or indirectly via wastewater treatment plants (when released during showering or washed from textiles). Obtained data suggest that storm water collection system, located in a highly urbanized city environment, is widely contaminated by domestic sewers. Caffeine and illegal drugs concentrations were relatively well correlated to fecal coliforms, and caffeine could potentially be used as a chemical indicator of the level of contamination by sanitary sources. For a better understanding of sources and risks of anthropogenic contamination, further studies should be conducted. Attention should be paid to seasonal changes in the intensity of this phenomenon. Processes which may affect on the migration of caffeine, UV filters and illegal drugs, should be further researched.

Słowa kluczowe

PL

kofeina; filtry UV; narkotyki; ścieki; wody powierzchniowe

EN

caffeine; UV filters; illegal drugs; wastewater; surface water

• Wydawca: Wydawnictwo Politechniki Częstochowskiej
• Czasopismo: Inżynieria i Ochrona Środowiska
• Rocznik: 2013
• Tom: T. 16, nr 1
• Strony: 113--124
• Opis fizyczny: Bibliogr. 41 poz.

Twórcy

autor

Próba M

• Politechnika Częstochowska, Wydział Inżynierii Środowiska i Biotechnologii, Instytut Inżynierii Środowiska, ul. Brzeźnicka 60A, 42-200 Częstochowa

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