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Studies on the Tailoring of Particle Size and Micromeritic Properties of Reduced Shock Sensitivity RDX (RSS-RDX)

Treść / Zawartość
Identyfikatory
Warianty tytułu
Języki publikacji
EN
Abstrakty
EN
The microstructure of explosive particles, as well as formulations, has a significant influence on the shock sensitivity of various energetic formulations. Particle shape and specific size distributions are always important considerations in explosives processing in order to realize better process parameters. The present study aimed to explore crystallization variables required to achieve a specific particle size of Reduced Shock Sensitivity RDX (RSS-RDX). Crystallization process factors such as cooling rate, agitator speed and configuration, etc. have been systematically studied to understand their effect on the particle size. The study also established the crystallization process parameters required to tightly control a specific particle size distribution ranging from 50 to 500 μm by cooling crystallization. Fine particles ranging from 15 to 30 μm were prepared by an ultrasonication technique. Ultrasonic process parameters, including temperature, time and ultrasonic frequency, were studied and the process conditions were optimized. Micromeritic characterization of RSS-RDX revealed the nature of flowability, which in-turn is useful in identifying the ease of processability. Overall, our interest stemmed from an investigation which showed that careful optimization of crystallization variables can lead to a specific particle size distribution.
Rocznik
Strony
581--592
Opis fizyczny
Bibliogr. 20 poz., rys., tab.
Twórcy
autor
  • High Energy Materials Research Laboratory, Pune-411 021, India
  • High Energy Materials Research Laboratory, Pune-411 021, India
autor
  • High Energy Materials Research Laboratory, Pune-411 021, India
autor
  • High Energy Materials Research Laboratory, Pune-411 021, India
autor
  • High Energy Materials Research Laboratory, Pune-411 021, India
  • High Energy Materials Research Laboratory, Pune-411 021, India
autor
  • High Energy Materials Research Laboratory, Pune-411 021, India
Bibliografia
  • [1] Kim J.W., Kim J., Kim H.S., Koo K.K., Characterization of Liquid Inclusion of RDX Crystals with a Cooling Crystallization, Crystal Growth & Design, 2009, 9(6), 2700-2706.
  • [2] Lecume S., Aviles J., Donnio L., Freche A., Spyckerelle C., Two RDX Qualities for PBXN-109 Formulation, Sensitivity Comparison, Insensitive Munitions & Energetic Materials Technology Symposium, Bordeaux, France, 8-11 October, 2001.
  • [3] Spyckerelle C., Donnio L., Aviles J., Freche A., Analytical Characterization of Insensitive RDX, Energetic Materials: Ignition, Combustion and Detonation, 32nd Int. Annu. Conf. ICT, Karlsruhe, Germany, 2001.
  • [4] Doherty R.M., Nock L.A., Watt D.S., Reduced Sensitivity RDX Round Robin Programme – Update, 37th Int. Annu. Conf. ICT, Karlsruhe, Germany, 2006.
  • [5] Scholtes G., van der Heijden A., IM-Related and Laboratory Scale Testing on I-RDX and RDX-Based Explosives, Insensitive Munitions and Energetic Materials Technology Symposium, San Francisco, California, 2004.
  • [6] Van der Heijden A.E.D.M., Creyghton Y.L.M., Marino E., Bouma R.H.B., Scholtes G.J.H.G., Duvalois W., Roelands M.C.P.M., Energetic Materials: Crystallization, Characterization and Insensitive Plastic Bonded Explosives, Propellants Explos. Pyrotech., 2008, 33(1), 25-32.
  • [7] Sutherland G., Schlegel E., Caulder S., O’Connor J., Lemar R., Detonation Properties of Two Research Explosives − One Containing RDX and One Containing Insensitive RDX, Insensitive Munitions and Energetic Materials Technology Symposium, San Francisco, California, 2004.
  • [8] Johansen O.H., Kristiansen J.D., Gjersoe R., Berg A., Halvorsen T., Smith K.T., RDX and HMX with Reduced Sensitivity Towards Shock Initiation – RS-RDX and RS-HMX, Propellants Explos. Pyrotech., 2008, 33(1), 20-24.
  • [9] Halvorsen T., Johansen O.H., Smith K.T., Christensen M., Berg A., Kristiansen J.D., Gjersoe R., Nevstad G.O., RS-RDX: The Crystal Quality Influence on the Processing and Sensitivity in Both Cast-cured and Pressable PBX Compositions, Insensitive Munitions and Energetic Materials Technology Symposium, San Francisco, 2004.
  • [10] Halvorsen T., Kristiansen J.D., Johansen O.H., Smith K.T., Berg A., Gjersoe R., Christensen M., Nevstad G., RS-RDX and RS-HMX: Ageing and Shock Sensitivity, 36th Int. Annu. Conf. of ICT, Karlsruhe, Germany, 2005.
  • [11] Spyckerelle C., Eck G., Sjoberg P., Amneus A.M., Reduced Sensitivity RDX Obtained from Bachmann RDX, Propellants Explos. Pyrotech., 2008, 33(1), 4-19.
  • [12] Van der Heijden A.E.D.M., Bouma R.H.B., van der Steen A.C., Physiochemical Parameters of Nitramines Influencing Shock Sensitivity, Propellants Explos. Pyrotech., 2004, 29(5), 304-313.
  • [13] Teipel U., Production of Particles of Explosives, Propellants Explos. Pyrotech., 1999, 24, 134-139.
  • [14] Vijayalakshmi R., Radhakrishnan S., Patil R.S., Gore G.M., Sikder A.K., Particle Size Management Studies on Spherical 3-Nitro-1, 2, 4-triazol-5-one, Part. Syst. Charact., 2011, 28, 57-63.
  • [15] Sikder A.K., Sivabalan R., Wani D.S., Sikder N., Sinha R.K., Vadhe P.P., Prasad U.S., Amarjit Singh., Subhananda Rao A., Process for Preparation of Reduced Shock Sensitivity RDX (RSS-RDX) and Its Evaluation in PBX Formulation to Realize Insensitive Munitions, Patent appl. No: 174/DEL/2012, Dt 20/01/12, 2012.
  • [16] Oxley J., Smith J., Buco R., Huang J., A Study of Reduced-Sensitivity RDX, J. Eng. Mater., 2007, 25, 141-160.
  • [17] Krober H., Teipel U., Crystallization of Insensitive HMX, Propellants Explos. Pyrotech., 2008, 33(1), 33-36.
  • [18] Sikder A.K., Sivabalan R., Saikia A., Gore G.M., Ghosh M., Sinha R.K., Amarjit Singh., Subhananda Rao A., Study on the Crystal Modification of RDX to Realize Reduced Shock Sensitivity RDX (RSS-RDX), 7th International High Energy Materials Conference and Exhibit, Pune, India, 2009.
  • [19] Zlokarnile M., Judat H., Stirring, in: Ullmann’s Encyclopedia of Industrial Chemistry, B2, Unit operations I, Fifth ed. (W. Gerhartz, Ed.) VCH, D-6940, Weinheim, 1988.
  • [20] Thenge R.R., Crystal Modification of Aceclofenac by Spherical Crystallization to Improve Solubility Dissolution Rate and Micromeritic Properties, J. Pharmacy Research, 2012, 5(2), 974-977.
Typ dokumentu
Bibliografia
Identyfikator YADDA
bwmeta1.element.baztech-e3f35101-7244-4ae0-b06c-e1197426b491
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