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Waste management costs. A case-based study on selected Polish cities

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EN
Abstrakty
EN
This article attempts to find the strongest factors that impact waste management system costs. Case-based studies in three selected voivodeship Polish cities, Opole, Gdańsk, and Cracow found waste collection and transport, processing, and system management to be the dominant cost factors. The price of fuel, electricity and the rates of wages indirectly decide the determined management costs in the above-mentioned categories. The increase in waste management costs on a national scale observed in recent years is mainly from actions taken by companies to meet increasingly restrictive legal requirements. For example, the allowed time for waste storage has been shortened and the amount of environmental fees paid for waste landfilling has been increased. In addition, the obligation to watch the temporary storage and landfill as well as the implementation of fire protection rules. In the cities analyzed, the increase in waste management operating costs between 2017 and 2021 ranged from 41.3% for Gdańsk to 63.5% for Opole.
Rocznik
Strony
67--84
Opis fizyczny
Bibliogr. 22 poz., rys., tab.
Twórcy
autor
  • Wrocław University of Science and Technology, Faculty of Environmental Engineering, Plac Grunwaldzki 13, 50-377 Wrocław, Poland
  • Wrocław University of Science and Technology, Faculty of Environmental Engineering, Plac Grunwaldzki 13, 50-377 Wrocław, Poland
Bibliografia
  • [1] FRANCO-GARCIA M.L., CARPIO-AGUILAR J.C., BRESSERS H., Towards zero waste, circular economy boost: Waste to resources, [In:] Towards Zero Waste, Springer Cham., 2019, 1–8. DOI: 10.1007/978-3-319-92931-6_1.
  • [2] Resolution No. 88 of the Council of Ministers of July 1, 2016, on the National Waste Management Plan 2022, M. P. 2016, item 784 (in Polish).
  • [3] PSWC as part of the waste prevention system (in Polish), available online (29.06.2022), https://warmia.mazury.pl/images/Departamenty/Departament_Ochrony_%C5%9Arodowiska/forum_ekologiczneryn_2018_prezentacje/PSZOK_jako_element_systemu_zapobiegania_powstawaniu_odpad%C3%B3w.pdf
  • [4] Ministry of Climate and Environment, Information on fees for using the environment under the Environmental Protection Law, available online (30.09.2022), https://www.gov.pl/web/klimat/oplaty-za-korzystanie-ze-srodowiska (in Polish).
  • [5] Assessment of the investment gap (investment needs) in the country in the field of waste prevention and waste management in connection with the new EU financial perspective 2021–2027 and information on the sources of income available to cover the costs of operation and maintenance of waste management infrastructure (in Polish), available online (30.09.2022), https://bip.mos.gov.pl/fileadmin/user_upload/bip/strategie_plany_programy/DGO/Konsultacje/Projekt_zalacznika_do_uchwalyRMzmieniajacej_ KPGO_2022_-_Ocena_luki_inwestycyjnej.pdf
  • [6] Statistics Poland, Statistical data for 2020, available online (30.09.2022), https://bdl.stat.gov.pl/bdl/start
  • [7] E-commerce in the time of COVID-19, available online (30.09.2022), https://www.oecd.org/coronavirus/policy-responses/e-commerce-in-the-time-of-covid-19-3a2b78e8/
  • [8] Hosting Ukrainian citizens does not release municipalities from the obligation to collect waste selectively (in Polish), available online (30.09.2022), https://samorzad.pap.pl/kategoria/aktualnosci/goszczenie-obywateli-ukrainy-nie-zwalnia-gmin-z-obowiazku-wymagania
  • [9] Where do the increases in energy prices come from? Less than every fifth Pole is aware of the reasons, available online (30.09.2022) (in Polish).
  • [10] Institute of Environmental Protection, National Research Institute, Municipal waste management in Poland. Analysis of municipal waste management costs, available online (30.09.2022), https://www.teraz-srodowisko.pl/media/pdf/aktualnosci/11098-ios-pib-analiza.pdf (in Polish).
  • [11] Analysis of waste management state for the municipality of Gdansk city for 2017–2021, available online (30.09.2022), https://bip.Gdansk.pl/urzad-miejski/Analiza-stanu-gospodarki-odpadami-komunalnymi,a,2751 (in Polish).
  • [12] Analysis of waste management state for the municipality of Opole city for 2017–2021, available online (30.09.2022), https://www.smieciopolis.Opole.pl/analizy-stanu-gospodarki-odpadami/ (in Polish).
  • [13] Analysis of waste management state for the capital city of Warsaw for 2017–2021, available online (28.09.2022) https://bip.warszawa.pl/Menu_podmiotowe/biura_urzedu/GO/ogloszenia/Analiza+stanu+gospodarki+odpadami+komunalnymi.htm (in Polish).
  • [14] Analysis of waste management state for the municipality of Cracow city for 2017–2021, available on- line (29.09.2022), https://www.bip.krakow.pl/?dok_id=65239 (in Polish).
  • [15] Analysis of waste management state for the municipality of Wroclaw city for 2017–2021, available online (04.07.2022), https://bip.um.wroc.pl/artykul/374/17896/analizy-stanu-gospodarki-odpadami-komunalnymi (in Polish).
  • [16] Statistics Poland, Information of the NSP 2021 results at the level of voivodeships, poviats, and communes, available online (29.09.2022), https://www.spis.gov.pl/aktualnosci/wyniki_09_22/ (in Polish).
  • [17] Statistical data about Poland, available online (29.09.2022), https://www.polskawliczbach.pl/ (in Polish).
  • [18] Wholesale fuel prices, available online (30.09.2022), https://www.orlen.pl/pl/dla-biznesu/hurtoweceny-paliw#paliwa-archive (in Polish).
  • [19] PRZYBYLSKI R., AdBlue prices have shot up, there are problems with its availability, available online (30.09.2022), https://logistyka.rp.pl/drogowy/art19092431-wystrzelily-ceny-adblue-sa-klopoty-z-jego-dostepnoscia (in Polish).
  • [20] The Energy Regulatory Office, Prices, and indicators, available online (29.09.2022), https://www.ure.gov.pl/pl/energia-elektryczna/ceny-wskazniki (in Polish).
  • [21] Electricity price in Poland – how much cost 1 kWh?, available online (29.09.2022), https://optimalenergy.pl/cena-pradu/ (in Polish).
  • [22] Basic NBP interest rates in 2020–2022, available online (30.09.2022), https://www.nbp.pl/home.aspx?f=/dzienne/stopy_archiwum.html (in Polish).
Uwagi
Opracowanie rekordu ze środków MEiN, umowa nr SONP/SP/546092/2022 w ramach programu "Społeczna odpowiedzialność nauki" - moduł: Popularyzacja nauki i promocja sportu (2022-2023).
Typ dokumentu
Bibliografia
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