Problems of operating internal combustion engines in dusty conditions

Dziubak, Tadeusz; Kowalski, Mirosław

doi:10.5604/01.3001.0055.0619

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Tytuł artykułu

Problems of operating internal combustion engines in dusty conditions

Autorzy

Dziubak Tadeusz , Kowalski Mirosław

Treść / Zawartość

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DOI

10.5604/01.3001.0055.0619

Warianty tytułu

Problemy użytkowania silników spalinowych w warunkach dużego zapylenia powietrza

Języki publikacji

EN PL

Abstrakty

The operating conditions of motor vehicle engines in dusty environments resulting from sandy terrain, as well as helicopters using adventurous airstrips, leading to the 'brownout' phenomenon, are discussed. The parameters of mineral dust are examined, including particle shape, hardness, size, and air concentration, along with their impact on the accelerated wear of piston and turbine engine components. It is demonstrated that the primary effect of dust particles entering internal combustion engines through the intake air stream is the accelerated abrasive and erosive wear of individual components and entire structural assemblies of both reciprocating and turbine engines. Additionally, dust accumulation on turbine engine components is highlighted. Both factors contribute to the parallel deterioration of power characteristics, fuel consumption, and oil consumption. Cases of tragic helicopter engine failures caused by the absorption of excessive dust mass are also presented.

Przedstawiono warunki pracy silników pojazdów mechanicznych użytkowanych w warunkach dużego zapylenia powietrza wynikającego z piaszczystego podłoża oraz śmigłowców korzystających z przygodnych lądowisk, czego skutkiem jest zjawisko „brownout”. Omówiono parametry pyłu mineralnego, zwracając uwagę na kształt, twardość i rozmiar cząstek oraz stężenie w powietrzu i ich wpływ na przyspieszone zużycie elementów silników tłokowych i turbinowych. Wykazano, że zasadniczym skutkiem oddziaływania ziaren pyłu przedostających się wraz ze strumieniem powietrza wlotowego do silników spalinowych jest przyspieszone zużycie ścierne i erozyjne poszczególnych części i całych zespołów konstrukcyjnych silników tłokowych i turbinowych oraz tworzenie się osadów pyłowych na elementach silników turbinowych. Oba oddziaływania powodują równolegle pogorszenie charakterystyk mocy, zużycia paliwa i zużycia oleju. Przedstawiono przypadki tragicznych w skutkach awarii silników śmigłowców spowodowanych wchłonięciem nadmiernej masy pyłu.

Słowa kluczowe

air pollution dust parameters abrasive and erosive wear dust deposits power loss helicopter engine failures

zanieczyszczenie powietrza parametry pyłu zużycie ścierne i erozyjne osady pyłowe spadek mocy awarie silników śmigłowców

Wydawca

Wydawnictwo Instytutu Technicznego Wojsk Lotniczych

Czasopismo

Journal of KONBiN

Rocznik

2025

Tom

Vol. 55, iss.1

Strony

61--104

Opis fizyczny

Bibliogr. 54 poz., rys., tab.

Twórcy

autor

Dziubak Tadeusz

tadeusz.dziubak@wat.edu.pl

Military University of Technology (Wojskowa Akademia Techniczna), Poland

https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1609-3518

autor

Kowalski Mirosław

miroslaw.kowalski@itwl.pl

Air Force Institute of Technology (Instytut Techniczny Wojsk Lotniczych), Poland

https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3315-2241

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