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Bioproduction Phytomelioration of the Salted Soils in Rice Field Systems in the Aral Sea Region of Kazakhstan

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EN
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EN
Rice is the main crop in the irrigated agriculture zone of the Aral Sea region of Kazakhstan. The rice culture is hygrophytic and requires a large amount of irrigation water as well as a washing irrigation regime, which contributes to the leaching of salts from rice paddies. In the rice crop rotation, an active process of salt accumulation in the soil occurs after the rice stage. This happens because of the secondary soil salinization. The aim of the research was to study the salt tolerance and soil desalting properties of the new varieties of melilot during cultivation in the rice crop rotation in the irrigated area of the Aral Sea region of Kazakhstan. The research conducted in the Research and Development Center for the Microbiology and Virology showed that the cultivation of the “Arkas” variety of white melilot and the “Saraichik” variety of dentated melilot on saline soils in the rice crop rotation in the Aral Sea region of Kazakhstan leads to the soil desalination. According to the results of the research, the content of salt solid residue in the arable layer (0–30 cm) was lower under the “Saraichik” variety of dentated melilot than under the “Arkas” variety of white melilot. The level of groundwater rises and the process of salinization intensifies during the cultivation of crops. The transition from subsaline soils to the soils with a high degree of salinization occurs. The rates of development and growth are slow during the first year in melilot varieties; however, despite the low indicator values, the harvest results in a single mowing were high (229–309 kg/ha of herbage and 57.2–74.3 c/ha of hay). The “Saraichik” variety has large leaves, branching stems and high foliage. The “Saraichik” dentated melilot has a beneficial feature. This variety is able to use groundwater with high salt content more efficiently for its growth and development. It should be noted that the melilot yield of the first year was harvested in the region without irrigation, and it grew using the moisture reserve accumulated in the soil during the previous year from the watering of the previous culture, i.e. rice. Therefore, the results of the study demonstrated that “Arkas” white melilot and “Saraichik” dentated melilot are promising cultures that can be introduced into the rice crop rotation in the areas with saline soils in rice field systems of the Aral Sea region of Kazakhstan.
Słowa kluczowe
Rocznik
Strony
98--102
Opis fizyczny
Bibliogr. 11 poz., tab.
Twórcy
  • LLP "Research and Production Center of Microbiology and Virology, Bogenbai Batyr Street, 105, Almaty, 050010, Kazakhstan
  • LLP "Research and Production Center of Microbiology and Virology", Bogenbai Batyr Street, 105, Almaty, 050010, Kazakhstan
  • LLP "Research and Production Center of Microbiology and Virology", Bogenbai Batyr Street, 105, Almaty, 050010, Kazakhstan
  • LLP "Research and Production Center of Microbiology and Virology", Bogenbai Batyr Street, 105, Almaty, 050010, Kazakhstan
  • LLP "Research and Production Center of Microbiology and Virology", Bogenbai Batyr Street, 105, Almaty, 050010, Kazakhstan
Bibliografia
  • 1. Abzhalelov A.B. 1999. Biologicheskaya aktivnost lugovo-bolotnykh pochv v zavisimosti ot vneseniya mineralnykh udobrenii i rastitelnykh ostatkov [Biological activity of meadow-boggy soils, depending on the application of mineral fertilizers and plant residues]: avtoref. … doktora biol. nauk [Author’s abstract for the thesis of the Doctor of Biological Sciences]. Almaty, 44 p.
  • 2. Kanatbaeva M.A. 1994. Biologicheskaya aktivnost vtorichno-zasolennykh lugovo-bolotnykh pochv pri fitomelioratsii [Biological activity of secondary saline meadow-boggy soils during phytomelioration]: avtoref. …kandidata biol. nauk [Author’s abstract for the PhD thesis in Biological Sciences]. Almaty, 40 p.
  • 3. Li J., Liu H., Yan M., Du L. 2017. No evidence for local adaptation to salt stress in the existing populations of invasive Solidago canadensis in China. PLoS ONE, 12(4), e0175252.
  • 4. Mukhambetov B. 2009. Donnikovye meliorativnye sevooboroty i konveiernoe proizvodstvo kormov na zasolennykh zemlyakh Prikaspiya [Melilot melioration rotations and conveyor feed production on the saline lands of the Caspian Sea region]. Nauchno-agronomicheskii zhurnal, 1(84), 32–35.
  • 5. Nurymov D.E. 1998. Tekhnologiya vyrashchivaniya donnika v usloviyakh maloplodorodnykh pochv Priaralya [The technology of growing melilot on the low-fertility soils in the Aral Sea region]. Vestnik s.-kh. nauki Kazakhstana [Bulletin of agriculture science of Kazakhstan], 1, 31–38.
  • 6. Nurymova R.D. 2007. Tekhnologicheskie priemy vozdelyvaniya donnika v risovom sevooborote v usloviyakh Priralya [Technological methods for melilot cultivation in rice crop rotation in the Aral Sea region]: avtoref. … kandidata s/kh nauk [Author’s abstract for the PhD thesis in Agricultural Sciences]. Almaty, 26 p.
  • 7. Sadanov A.K. 1993. Biologicheskaya aktivnost pochv pod risom v svyazi s optimizatsiei ikh plodorodiya [Biological activity of the soil during rice cultivation in connection with the optimization of their fertility]: avtoref. … doktora biol. nauk [Author’s abstract for the thesis of the Doctor of Biological Sciences]. Tashkent, 42 p.
  • 8. Saparov A.S., Sharypova T.M. 2012. Pochvennoekologicheskoe sostoyanie zemel Kyzylordinskoi oblasti i puti ikh ratsionalnogo ispolzovaniya [The Soil-Ecological State of the Lands of the Kyzylorda Region and the Ways of Their Rational Use]. Materialy mezhdunarodnoi nauchno-prakticheskoi konferentsii «Nauchno-innovatsionnye osnovy razvitiya risovodstva v Kazakhstane i stranakh zarubezhya» [Proceedings of the international scientific-practical conference “Scientific and innovative basis for the development of rice in Kazakhstan and foreign countries”]. Kyzylorda, 30–33.
  • 9. Tautenov I.A., Nurgaliev N.Sh., Bekzhanov S.Zh. 2015. Osvoenie zasolennykh zemel risovykh sistem putem vozdelyvaniya solustoichivykh kormovykh kultur [Reclamation the saline lands of rice field systems by cultivating sol-resistant forage crops]. Harvard Journal of Fundamental and Applied Studies, “Harvard University Press”, 1(7), 164–175.
  • 10. Tautenov I.A., Zhailybai K.N., Baimbetov K.S. 2003. Agroekologicheskie i morfofiziologicheskie osnovy mineralnogo pitaniya i produktivnosti risa [Agroecological and morphophysiological basis of mineral nutrition and rice productivity]. Almaty, Gylym, 180 p.
  • 11. Yurina L.I., Siverinova I.V. 2005. Vliyanie kulturfitomeliorantov na izmenenie pokazatelei pochvennogo plodorodiya [The effect of phytomeliorants on the change of soil fertility indicators]. Nauchnyi elektronnyi zhurnal KubGAU [Electronic Scientific Journal of KubSAU], 13(05).
Typ dokumentu
Bibliografia
Identyfikator YADDA
bwmeta1.element.baztech-e1210f18-1c9a-4fc2-8ca7-3b04df1b7967
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