Powiadomienia systemowe
- Sesja wygasła!
- Sesja wygasła!
Tytuł artykułu
Autorzy
Treść / Zawartość
Pełne teksty:
Identyfikatory
Warianty tytułu
Języki publikacji
Abstrakty
The performance of horizontal subsurface flow constructed wetland (HFCW) for rural domestic sewage treatment has been evaluated. The system was built as a tertiary treatment after the biological processes to improve the effluent wastewater quality. The HFCW was operated in three phases under different hydraulic loading rates (HLRs), and with three kinds of aquatic plants i.e., water spinach, Chinese celery and cress. The vegetation growth parameters such as plant height, fresh and dry weights were monitored and analyzed. The influent and effluent concentrations of the chemical oxygen demand (COD), ammonium nitrogen (NH4+-N), total nitrogen (TN) and total phosphorus (TP) were measured. The average removal efficiencies at the first phase were 52.9%, 64.7%, 58.2% and 72.8%, and it reduced to 48.6%, 52.2%, 44.04% and 64.4% in the second phase for COD, NH4+-N, TN and TP, respectively. In the third phase, the HFCW system showed the following mean removal efficiencies: 51.2%, 74.2%, 58.5% and 80.9%. The results revealed that the removal efficiencies increased with decrease in the HLR and increased temperatures. The findings confirmed that the horizontal flow constructed wet-land is more convenient for the rural wastewater treatment with efficient nutrient removal.
Czasopismo
Rocznik
Tom
Strony
107--121
Opis fizyczny
Bibliogr. 24 poz., tab., rys.
Twórcy
autor
- Environmental Science and Engineering Department, Southeast University, Nanjing 210096, P.R. China
- Civil Engineering Department, Karary University, Khartoum 12304, Sudan
autor
- Environmental Science and Engineering Department, Southeast University, Nanjing 210096, P.R. China
autor
- Environmental Science and Engineering Department, Southeast University, Nanjing 210096, P.R. China
autor
- Environmental Science and Engineering Department, Southeast University, Nanjing 210096, P.R. China,
Bibliografia
- [1] MASSOUD M.A., TARHINI A., NASR J.A., Decentralized approaches to wastewater treatment and management: applicability in developing countries, J. Environ. Manage., 2009, 90, 652.
- [2] LIU D., GE Y., CHANG J., PENG C., Constructed wetlands in China: recent developments and future challenges, Frontiers Ecol. Environ., 2008, 7, 261.
- [3] BABATUNDE A.O., ZHAO Y.Q., NEILL M.O., SULLIVAN B.O., Constructed wetlands for environmental pollution control: a review of developments, research and practice in Ireland, Environ. Int., 2008, 34, 116.
- [4] VYMAZAL J., The use of subsurface-flow constructed wetlands for wastewater treatment in the Czech Republic, Ecolog. Eng., 1996, 7, 1.
- [5] MUNGRAY A.K., MURTHY Z.V.P., TIRPUDE A.J., Post treatment of up-flow anaerobic sludge blanket based sewage treatment plant effluents. A review, Des. Water Treat., 2010, 22 (1–3), 220.
- [6] FU W.J., TANG Y., The roles of plants in constructed wetlands and species selection, Sichuan Environ., 2005, 24, 45 (in Chinese).
- [7] BRIX H., Functions of macrophytes in constructed wetlands, Water Sci. Tech., 1994, 29 (4), 71.
- [8] YE F., LI Y., Enhancement of nitrogen removal in towery hybrid constructed wetland to treat domestic wastewater for small rural communities, Ecolog. Eng., 2009, 35, 1043.
- [9] ABE K., OZAKI Y., KIHOU N., Use of higher plants and bed filter materials for domestic wastewater treatment in relation to resource recycling, Soil Sci. Plant Nutr., 1993, 39 (2), 257.
- [10] APHA, AWWA, WPCF, Standard Methods for the Examination of Water and Wastewater, 20th Ed., American Public Health Association, 1998.
- [11] LETO C., TUTTOLOMONDO T., BELLA S.L., LEONE R., LICATA M., Effects of plant species in a horizontal subsurface flow constructed wetland – phytoremediation of treated urban wastewater with Cyperus alternifolius L. and Typha latifolia L. in the West of Sicily (Italy), Ecol. Eng., 2013, 61, 282.
- [12] VYMAZAL J., KROPFELOVA L., Removal of organics in constructed wetlands with horizontal sub-surface flow: a review of the field experience, Sci. Total Environ., 2009, 407 (13), 3911.
- [13] WU Z.B., LI G., FU G., HE F., CHENG S., Technological design and purification performance of a re-circulation aquaculture system based on constructed wetlands, Trans. CSAE, 2006, 22 (1), 129.
- [14] TAO W.D., HALL K.J., DUFF S.J.B., Performance evaluation and effects of hydraulic retention time and mass loading rate on treatment of woodwaste leachate in surface flow constructed wetlands, Ecol. Eng., 2006, 26, 252.
- [15] ME K., Performance of a sub-surface flow constructed wetland in polishing pre-treated wastewater. A tropical case study, Water Res., 2004, 38, 681.
- [16] SUN G., GRAY K.R., BIDDLESTONE A.J., Treatment of Agricultural Wastewater in Downflow Reed Beds. Experimental Trials and Mathematical Model, J. Agricult. Eng. Res., 1998, 69 (1), 63.
- [17] GHOSH D., GOPAL B., Effect of hydraulic retention time on the treatment of secondary effluent in a sub-surface flow constructed wetland, Ecol. Eng., 2010, 36 (8), 1044.
- [18] AKRATOS C.S., TSIHRINTZIS V.A., Effect of temperature, HRT, vegetation and porous media on removal efficiency of pilot-scale horizontal subsurface flow constructed wetlands, Ecol. Eng., 2007, 29, 173.
- [19] SPIELES D.J., MITSCH W.J., The effects of season and hydrologic and chemical loading on nitrate retention in constructed wetlands: a comparison of low- and high-nutrient riverine systems, Ecolog. Eng., 2000, 14 (1–2), 77.
- [20] JAMIESON T.S., STRATTON G.W., GORDON R., MADANI A., The use of aeration to enhance ammonia nitrogen removal in constructed wetlands, Canadian Biosys. Eng., 2003, 45, 19.
- [21] ABOU-ELELAA S.I., GOLINIELLI G., ABOU-TALEBA E.M., HELLAL M.S., Municipal wastewater treatment in horizontal and vertical flows constructed wetlands, Ecolog. Eng., 2013, 61, 460.
- [22] ZURITA F., DE ANDA J., BELMONT M.A., Treatment of domestic wastewater and production of commercial flowers in vertical and horizontal subsurface-flow constructed wetlands, Ecol. Eng., 2009, 35, 861.
- [23] KUSCHK P., WIESSNER A., KAPPELMEYER U., WEISSBRODT E., KÄSTNER M., STOTTMEISTER U., Annual cycle of nitrogen removal by a pilot-scale subsurface horizontal flow in a constructed wetland under moderate climate, Water Res., 2003, 37, 4236.
- [24] NOOR A.M., SHIAM L.C., HONG F.W., SOETARDJO S., KHALIL A., Application of vegetated constructed wetland with different filter media for removal of ammoniacal nitrogen and total phosphorus in landfill leachate, Int. J. Chem. Eng. Appl., 2010, 1 (3), 270.
Typ dokumentu
Bibliografia
Identyfikator YADDA
bwmeta1.element.baztech-dfe94eea-25d9-4655-90e5-39e4979e3d7d