Etanol. Dokumentacja proponowanych wartości dopuszczalnych poziomów narażenia zawodowego

• Autorzy: Starek A.

Warianty tytułu

EN

Ethyl alcohol

• Języki publikacji: PL

Abstrakty

PL

Etanol jest stosowany jako rozpuszczalnik, środek konserwujący, półprodukt do syntezy organicznej i używka. Poziom zawodowego narażenia na etanol, mierzony stężeniem tego związku w środowisku pracy, nie przekracza na ogół obowiązującej w Polsce wartości NDS, chociaż 73 pracowników było narażonych na większe stężenia. Z obserwacji na ludziach wynika, że etanol w stężeniach powyżej 9400 mg/m3 działa drażniąco na oczy i górne drogi oddechowe. Nie ma informacji na temat zatruć tym związkiem oraz odnośnie do układowych zmian patologicznych u ludzi w warunkach przemysłowych. Wiadomo jednak, że związek ten, spożywany w dużych ilościach przez dłuższy czas, wywołuje wieloukładowe i wielonarządowe zmiany patologiczne, określane mianem choroby alkoholowej. Ostra toksyczność etanolu u zwierząt laboratoryjnych jest znikoma. Natomiast duże dawki etanolu zarówno u ludzi jak i zwierząt działają fetotoksycznie i teratogennie. Ponadto etanol może być promotorem procesu nowotworowego w obrębie przełyku, żołądka i wątroby. Na podstawie danych o działaniu drażniącym etanolu u ludzi we wszystkich państwach, z wyjątkiem Polski, przyjęto wartość NDS na poziomie 1900 mg/m3. Biorąc za podstawę wartość LOEL i dwa współczynniki niepewności, obliczono wartość NDS etanolu na pozio-mie 2350 mg/m3. Zaproponowano wartość NDS równą 1900 mg/m3. Nie znaleziono podstaw do zaproponowania NDSCh i DSB.

EN

Ethyl alcohol (EA) (CAS Registry No. 64-17-5) is a colourless, flamable and volatile liquid with wine odour and burning taste. EA is used as an intermediate in organic syntesis, fuel, an organic solvent for varnishes, synthetic resins, cosmetics, and pharmaceutical products. Also it is used for consumptions purposes. EA is an irritant to the eyes and upper respiratory tract at concentrations over 9400 mg/m . In the available literature no data have been found on the toxicity of EA in humans in industrial conditions. It is well-known that consumption of this compound at high dose levels for a long time leads to multiorgan pathological changes, i.e. alcoholic disease. The acute toxicity of EA is very low. High doses of this compound are fetotoxic and teratogenic in both the human and the animals. Based on LOEL value from human observations and appropriate uncertainty factors the MAC value was calculated and proposed at 1900 mg/m . No STEL value has been established for EA.

Słowa kluczowe

PL

etanol; narażenie zawodowe; wartości NDS

EN

ethyl alcohol; occupational exposure; MAC-values

• Wydawca: Centralny Instytut Ochrony Pracy - Państwowy Instytut Badawczy
• Czasopismo: Podstawy i Metody Oceny Środowiska Pracy
• Rocznik: 2002
• Tom: Nr 2 (32)
• Strony: 47--65
• Opis fizyczny: Bibliogr. 63 poz., tab.

Twórcy

autor

Starek A.

• Collegium Medicum Uniwersytetu Jagiellońskiego 30-688 Kraków ul. Medyczna 9

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