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Agricultural Land Protection by Spatial Planning in Bulgaria

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PL
Planowanie przestrzenne jako narzędzie do ochrony gruntów rolnych – przykład Bułgarii
Języki publikacji
EN
Abstrakty
EN
Agricultural land is a basic resource for the livelihood of the Bulgarian population. However, its management is unstable and is connected with many unresolved or wrongly resolved problems which make it difficult to exercise its underlying function. This is mainly due to fragmented land legislation that has a number of disadvantages: the transformation of agricultural land into urban land is easy, control of land quality is poor, and there is a deficiency of agricultural spatial planning regulations. One of the specific tools for preserving the natural function of agricultural land is spatial planning, subject to the strategic documents of the country. According to a newly elaborated concept on agricultural territory planning, this process is two staged: on the municipal and on farm level. The objectives of the paper are: 1) to analyze the effectiveness of national legislation in regard to preserving the natural function of agricultural land; 2) to defend the necessity of the normative framework completion with precise spatial planning rules for agricultural land, and finally; 3) to draw attention to a new concept on agricultural territory planning by presenting the basic cadastral and specific data for performing spatial GIS analyses and elaborating spatial plans. Data from national statistical institutions were used, and methods of analysis and synthesis were applied. The data needed for GIS analyses and elaboration spatial plans for agricultural territory are listed. The paper asserts that spatial planning is a tool for regulating agricultural land use, for setting territory conditions for preserving and improving land quality, for protecting land tenure rights and for developing successful and high income agribusiness.
PL
Grunty rolne są dla ludności bułgarskiej podstawowym źródłem utrzymania. Mimo to zarządzanie nimi jest nieusystematyzowane, co wiąże się z wieloma nierozwiązanymi lub źle rozwiązanymi problemami, które utrudniają wykorzystanie tych gruntów zgodnie z ich podstawowymi funkcjami. Wynika to głównie z rozproszonego ustawodawstwa, które ma szereg wad: przekształcanie gruntów rolnych w grunty miejskie jest łatwe, kontrola jakości gruntów jest słaba, a przepisy dotyczące planowania przestrzennego obszarów rolnych są niewystarczające. Jednym ze szczególnych narzędzi służących zachowaniu naturalnej funkcji gruntów rolnych jest planowanie przestrzenne podlegające regulacjom zawartym w dokumentach strategicznych kraju. Zgodnie z nowo opracowaną koncepcją planowania przestrzennego obszarów rolnych proces ten jest dwuetapowy: na poziomie gminy i na poziomie gospodarstwa rolne go. Cele niniejszego opracowania są następujące: 1) analiza skuteczności ustawodawstwa krajowego w zakresie zachowania funkcji przyrodniczej gruntów rolnych; 2) uzasadnienie konieczności uzupełnienia ram prawnych o precyzyjne zasady planowania przestrzennego dla gruntów rolnych; 3) zwrócenie uwagi na nową koncepcję planowania przestrzennego, która wykorzystywać powinna dane katastralne do wykonania analiz przestrzennych GIS i opracowania miejscowych planów zagospodarowania przestrzennego. Aby je zrealizować, wykorzystano dane z krajowych urzędów statystycznych oraz zastosowano metody analizy i syntezy. Wymieniono dane potrzebne do analiz GIS i opracowania miejscowych planów zagospodarowania przestrzennego dla obszarów użytkowanych rolniczo. W artykule stwierdzono, że planowanie przestrzenne jest narzędziem do regulowania użytkowania gruntów rolnych, ustalania warunków dla zachowania i poprawy jakości gruntów, ochrony praw własności gruntów oraz rozwoju udanego i dochodowego agrobiznesu.
Rocznik
Strony
89--105
Opis fizyczny
Bibliogr. 51 poz.
Twórcy
  • University of Architecture, Civil Engineering and Geodesy, Faculty of Geodesy, Sustainable Land Use and Real Estate Management, Sofia, Bulgaria
  • University of Architecture, Civil Engineering and Geodesy, Faculty of Geodesy, Sustainable Land Use and Real Estate Management, Sofia, Bulgaria
Bibliografia
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  • [10] Pawlikowska E., Popek P., Bieda A., Moteva M., Stoeva A.: Analysis of the legal methods of agricultural land protection in Central Europe on the example of Poland and Bulgaria. Real Estate Management and Valuation, vol. 25(2), 2017, pp. 58–71.
  • [11] National Regional Development Strategy 2012–2022. https://www.mrrb.bg/bg/national-regional-development-strategy-of-the-republic-of-bulgaria-2012-2022/ [access: 13.04.2020].
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  • [14] National Development Program Bulgaria 2030, approved by the Council of Ministers Decision No. 33 of 20 January 2020. https://www.minfin.bg/en/1394 [access: 13.04.2020].
  • [15] Constitution of R. Bulgaria, prom. SG 56 of 13 Jul 1991, last am. and suppl. SG 100 of 18 Dec 2015.
  • [16] Property Act, prom SG 92 of 16 Nov 1951, last am. SG 18 of 28 Feb 2020.
  • [17] State Property Act, prom SG 44 of 21 May 1996, last am. SG 98 of 13 Dec 2019.
  • [18] Municipal Property Act, prom SG 44 of 21 May 1996, last am. SG 94 of 29 Nov 2019.
  • [19] Inheritance Act, prom. SG 22 of 29 Jan 1949, last am. SG 47 of 23 Jun 2009.
  • [20] Cadaster and Property Registry Act, prom. SG 34 of 25 Apr 2000, last am. and suppl. SG 44 of 4 Jun 2019.
  • [21] Agricultural Land Ownership and Use Act, prom. SG No. 17 of 1 Mar 1991, last am. SG No. 61 of 2 Aug 2019.
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  • [23] Regional Development Act, prom. SG 50 of 30 May 2008, last am. and suppl. SG 21 of 13 Mar 2020.
  • [24] Spatial Planning Act, prom. SG 1 of 2 Jan 2001, last am. and suppl. SG 21 of 13 Mar 2020.
  • [25] Agricultural Land Protection Act, prom. SG 35 of 24 Apr 1996, last am. and suppl. SG 83 of 9 Oct 2018.
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  • [30] Cooperatives Act, prom. SG 113 of 28 Dec 1999, last am. SG 42 of 22 May 2018.
  • [31] Irrigation Associations Act, prom. SG 34 of 6 Apr 2001, last am. and suppl. 1998, last am. SG 21 of 13 Mar 2020.
  • [32] Agricultural Property Protection Act, prom. SG 54 of 12 Jul 1974, last am. SG 58 of 18 Jul 2017.
  • [33] Ordinance 8 to Spatial Planning Act, prom. SG 57 of 2001, last am. SG 22 of 2014.
  • [34] Ordinance No. RD-02-20-5 of December 15, 2016, on the Content, Creation, and Maintenance of the Cadastral Map and Cadastral Registers, prom. SG 4 of 13 Jan 2017, last am. and suppl. SG 8 of 25 Jan 2019.
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  • [36] Ordinance No. 19 of October 25, 2012 on Construction in the Agricultural Land without Changing its Permanent Purpose of Use, prom SG 85 of 6 Nov 2012.
  • [37] FAO. Agriculture Indicators. http://www.fao.org/ag/agn/nutrition/Indicatorsfiles/Agriculture.pdf [access: 13.04.2020].
  • [38] Labor Land Property Act. SG, issue 81 of 1946; revoked, SG, issue 98 of 1997.
  • [39] Knoblauch R.: Mustertextteil zum Flurbereinigungsplan. Arbeitsgemeinshaft Flurbereinigung ARGEFLURB, Heft 14, Landesamt für Agrarordnung NRW, Technische Zentralstelle, Düsseldorf 1987.
  • [40] Andonov G.: Zemeustroystvoto – osnova za po‑efektivno izpolzvane i opazvane na pozemlenite resursi. [in:] Sbornik dokladi ot Yubileyna nauchna konferentsia “60 godini UASG”, vol. 8 “Geodezia, transportno stroitelstvo, geotehnika,matematika i fizika”, UACEG, 2002, pp. 79–86 [Андонов Г.: Земеустройството – основа за по-ефективно използване и опазване на поземлените ресурси. [в:] Сборник доклади от Юбилейна научна конференция “60 години УАСГ”, том 8 “Геодезия, транспортно строителство, геотехника, математика и физика”, УАСГ, 2002, с. 79–86].
  • [41] Delieva A., Stoeva A.: Land Reform, Cadastar [sic!] and Land use in Republic of Bulgaria. [in:] 2nd Cadastral Congress, September 19–21 2003, Krakow, pp. 167–173.
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  • [44] Stoeva A., Delieva A.: Upravlenieto na zemedelskiteimoti v Republika Bulgaria. Geodezia, kartografia i zemeustroystvo, no. 1, 2001, pp. 18–21 [Стоева А., Делиева А.: Управлението на земеделските имоти в Република България. Геодезия, картография и земеустройство, бр. 1, 2001, с. 18–21].
  • [45] Stoeva A., Delieva A.: The Cadastre and Real Estate Management. [in:] 2nd Cadastral Congress, September 19–21, 2003, Krakow, pp. 53–59.
  • [46] Stoyanov K.: Kak shte badat izgotveni i prilozheni OUP zazemedelskite teritorii? Geodezia, kartografia i zemeustroystvo, no. 5–6, 2013, pp. 32–38 [Стоянов К.: Как ще бъдат изготвени и приложени ОУП за земеделските територии? Геодезия, картография и земеустройство, бр. 5–6, 2013, с. 32–38].
  • [47] Moteva M., Mondeshka M., Stoeva A., Yarlovska N.: Contemporary issues of land use and water management for agriculture in Bulgaria. [in:] Proc. Int. Sci. Congress “Life Sciences, a Challenge for the Future”, 23–25 Oct., 2014, Iaşi, Romania [CD version].
  • [48] Moteva M. et al.: Current Issues and Challenges to Land Management in Bulgaria. Project BN 174/14, UACEG, Sofia 2015 [unpublished data].
  • [49] Moteva M.: Spatial Planning of the Agricultural Territory in Bulgaria – How to Fill the Gap? Micro, Macro & Mezzo Geoinformation, vol. 10, 2018, pp. 22–35.
  • [50] Moteva M., Parashkevova D.: Planning tools for Agricultural Territory in Bulgaria. [in:] IOP Conference Series Earth and Environmental Science, vol. 362, 012034, 2019.
  • [51] Yarlovska N.: Specific Regulatory and Planning Tools for Agricultural Land Development in Suburban Areas. UACEG, Sofia 2017 [Ph.D. thesis].
Uwagi
Opracowanie rekordu ze środków MNiSW, umowa Nr 461252 w ramach programu "Społeczna odpowiedzialność nauki" - moduł: Popularyzacja nauki i promocja sportu (2020).
Typ dokumentu
Bibliografia
Identyfikator YADDA
bwmeta1.element.baztech-dc5bd12d-f819-4984-9285-6eb2f001d5c4
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