Implementacja sprzętowa odejmowania tła metodą ViBe w układzie FPGA

• Autorzy: Kryjak T. , Gorgoń M.

Warianty tytułu

EN

Hardware implementation of the ViBe background subtraction method in FPGA

• Języki publikacji: PL

Abstrakty

PL

W artykule zaprezentowano implementację sprzętową nowatorskiego algorytmu odejmowania tła ViBe (ang. VIsual Background Extractor) w układzie rekonfigurowalnym FPGA. Metoda ta opiera się na odmiennej od dotychczas opisywanych i realizowanych koncepcji modelowania tła. W pracy dokonano oceny możliwości przeniesienia algorytmu na platformę sprzętową, pokazano dwie modyfikacje, które pozwoliły poprawić działanie metody oraz omówiono zrealizowany system sprzętowy. Według wiedzy autorów jest to pierwszy opis implementacji tego algorytmu w układzie FPGA.

EN

This paper presents a hardware implementation in the FPGA reconfigurable device of ViBe - a novel background subtraction algorithm. The method is based on a different, from those previously described and implemented, background modelling concept. It partly uses random numbers, which allowed us to significantly reduce the buffer size in relation to the standard methods like mean or median form a buffer. A detailed description of ViBe can be found in papers [6, 7, 8]. In this paper the role of background generation algorithms in image processing and analysis systems, with particular emphasis on hardware implementations is discussed (Section 1). The ViBe algorithm is described in Section 2. Then an analysis of the possibility of implementing ViBe in FPGA is presented (Section 3). Section 4 describes two proposed modifications: the use of the CIE Lab colour space and the enhanced flashing pixels detection method. Their desirability has been confirmed quantitatively using the "ChangeDetection" database [9]. A detailed description of the designed ViBe hardware module and image processing system is presented in Section 5. The scheme of the ViBe module is shown in Figure 5 and the whole system in Figure 4. Table 3 summarizes the hardware resource utilization. The proposed solution enables the detection of objects using the method ViBe and enables realtime processing of a colour 640 x 480 video stream at 60 frames per second. The obtained results confirm the high usefulness of FPGA in the implementation of advanced image processing and analysis algorithms.

Słowa kluczowe

PL

układy rekonfigurowalne FPGA; przetwarzanie i analiza obrazów; generacja tła; odejmowanie tła; segmentacja obiektów ruchomych; algorytm ViBe

EN

FPGA; reconfigurable devices; image processing and analysis; background generation; background subtraction; moving object detection; ViBe algorithm

• Wydawca: Wydawnictwo PAK
• Czasopismo: Pomiary Automatyka Kontrola
• Rocznik: 2013
• Tom: R. 59, nr 11
• Strony: 1191--1194
• Opis fizyczny: Bibliogr. 12 poz., rys., schem., tab., wzory

Twórcy

autor

Kryjak T.

• Akademia Górniczo-Hutnicza, Al. Mickiewicza 30, 30-059 Kraków

autor

Gorgoń M.

• Akademia Górniczo-Hutnicza, Al. Mickiewicza 30, 30-059 Kraków

Bibliografia

• [1] Elhabian S., El-Sayed K., Ahmed. S.: Moving Object Detection in Spatial Domain using Background Removal Techniques - State-of-Art. Recent Patents on Computer Science, 1:32-54, 2008.
• [2] Kryjak T., Komorkiewicz M., Gorgoń M.: Real-time background generation and foreground object segmentation for high defnition colour video stream in FPGA device. Journal of Real-Time Image Processing, pages 1–17, 2012.
• [3] Genovese M., Napoli E.: FPGA-based architecture for real time segmentation and denoising of HD video. Journal of Real-Time Image Processing, pages 1–13, 2011.
• [4] Rodriguez-Gomez R., Fernandez-Sanchez E. J., Diaz J., Ros E.: FPGA implementation for real-time background subtraction based on Horprasert model. Sensors, 12(1):585–611, 2012.
• [5] Rodriguez-Gomez R., Fernandez-Sanchez E. J., Diaz J., Ros E.: Codebook hardware implementation on FPGA for background subtraction. Journal of Real-Time Image Processing, pages 1–15, April 2012.
• [6] Barnich O., Van Droogenbroeck M.: ViBe: a powerful random technique to estimate the background in video sequences. In International Conference on Acoustics, Speech, and Signal Processing (ICASSP 2009), pages 945-948, April 2009.
• [7] Barnich O., Van Droogenbroeck M.: ViBe: A universal background subtraction algorithm for video sequences. In IEEE Transactions on Image Processing, 20(6):1709-1724, June 2011.
• [8] Van Droogenbroeck M., Paquot O. : Background Subtraction: Experiments and Improvements for ViBe. In Change Detection Workshop (CDW), Providence, Rhode Island, June 2012.
• [9] Goyette N. , Jodoin P. M. , Porikli F., Konrad J., Ishwar P., changedetection.net: A new change detection benchmark dataset, in Proc. IEEE Workshop on Change Detection (CDW’12) at CVPR’12, Providence, RI, 16-21 Jun., 2012 (www.changedetection.net).
• [10] OpenCV - strona www: http://opencv.org/ (ostatni dostęp 10.01.2013r.)
• [11] Toyama K., Krumm J., Brumitt B., Meyers B.: Wallfower: principles and practice of background maintenance. In Computer Vision, 1999. The Proceedings of the Seventh IEEE International Conference on, volume 1, pages 255–261, 1999.
• [12] Thomas D. B., Luk W.: FPGA-Optimised Uniform Random Number Generators Using LUTs and Shift Registers, Field Programmable Logic and Applications (FPL), 2010 International Conference on pages 77-82, 2010.