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The Oued Souf free aquifer located in the South East of Algeria represents the main water resource used mostly for urban and agricultural activities. The intensive use of chemical fertilizers has led to serious environmental problems such as contamination of the free aquifer in the region. Thus, aquifer vulnerability has been assessed using several different methods (DRASTIC, GOD, and the Susceptibility Index ‘SI’) based on a geographic information system (GIS). For each method, two vulnerability maps have been developed in the years 2002 and 2012. These maps show that the study area is more exposed to urban, and especially agricultural, pollution. Two classes of vulnerability (moderate and high) have been identified by both DRASTIC and GOD methods. A combined analysis reveals that the moderate class showing 48% (for the GOD method), and the high class showing 57% (for the DRASTIC method) are the most dominant. However, the Susceptibility Index method (SI) revealed that the vulnerability varies from moderate to very high-level classes. In 2012, about of 53% of the study area was dominated by moderate vulnerability classes. The high vulnerability class also includes a considerable part of the land (41%) around urban or strongly agricultural areas, while only 6% is under very high vulnerability groundwater contamination. In addition, a marked decrease in the vulnerability level was noticed in 2012 compared to 2002. This decrease is mainly due to the lowering of the water table after the installation of a vertical drainage network to evacuate the surplus water to the depression and Chotts areas in the North of the region. These results provide a guide for decision-makers involved in the protection of groundwater pollution in such a vulnerable area.
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1--17
Opis fizyczny
Bibliogr. 18 poz., rys., tab., wykr.
Twórcy
autor
- Department of Natural Sciences, Higher Normal School of Technological Education, Anticorrosion, materials, environment, and structures laboratory (LAMES), Skikda University, Skikda, Algeria
autor
- Laboratory of Geology, Department of Geology, Badji-Mokhtar Annaba University, Algeria
autor
- Laboratory of Geology, Department of Geology, Badji-Mokhtar Annaba University, Algeria
autor
- Laboratory of Underground Reservoirs: Oil, Gas, and Aquifers, University of Kasdi Merbah, Ouargla, Algeria
autor
- Laboratory of Geology, Department of Geology, Badji-Mokhtar Annaba University, Algeria
Bibliografia
- 1. Abdeslam, I et al. 2017. Application of drastic method for determining the vulnerability of an alluvial aquifer: Morsott - El Aouinet north east of Algeria: using Arc GIS environment. Energy Procedia 119, 308-317.
- 2. Aït Sliman, A et al. 2009. Use of Geographic Information Systems and DRASTIC model to assess the vulnerability of groundwater in the Berrechid plain, Morocco. [Utilisation des Systèmes d'Information Géographique et du modèle DRASTIC pour l’évaluation de la vulnérabilité des eaux souterraines dans la plaine de Berrechid, Maroc]. Geographia Technica 2, 81-93.
- 3. Aké, GE et al. 2010. Application of DRASTIC and SI methods for defining of vulnerability to pollution by nitrates of the Bonoua water table (South-East of Ivory Coast), [Application des méthodes DRASTIC et SI pour l’étude de la vulnérabilité à la pollution par les Nitrates de la nappe de Bonoua (Sud-Est de la Côte d’Ivoire)]. International Journal of Biological and Chemical Sciences 4, 1676-1692.
- 4. Aller, L et al. 1987. DRASTIC: a standardized system for evaluating groundwater pollution potential using hydro geologic settings. US Environmental Protection Agency Report EPA 600/2-87-035. Ada, Oklahoma.
- 5. Bézèlgues, S et al. 2002. Vulnerability mapping of Grand-Terre and Marie-Galatie (Guadeloupe). Phase 1: methodology for determining vulnerability. Report BRGM. 51783-Fr, 41.
- 6. Boulabeiz, M et al. 2019. A GIS-Based GOD Model and Hazard Index Analysis: The Quaternary Coastal Collo Aquifer (NE-Algeria). Groundwater 57, 166-176.
- 7. Bouselsal, B et al. 2018. Management of upwelling phenomenon in the region of El Oued (South-East Algeria) and the possibility of using purified wastewater in irrigation. [Gestion du phénomène de la remontée des eaux dans la région d’El Oued (S-E Algérie) et la possibilité d’utilisée les eaux usées épurées en irrigation]. International journal of Environment & Water 7, 82-91.
- 8. Bouselsal, B et al. 2014. Effects of rising groundwater on humans and the environment: the case of the El-Oued region (SE Algeria). [Effets de la remontée des eaux de la nappe phréatique sur l’homme et l’environnement: cas de la région d’El-Oued (SE Algérie)]. Afrique Science 161, 170-174.
- 9. Chandoul, IR et al. 2015. Groundwater assessment using GIS-based DRASTIC models in Shallow aquifer of Gabes North (South East Tunisia). Arabian Journal of Geosciences 8, 19-29.
- 10. Engel, B et al. 1996. Estimating groundwater vulnerability to non-point source pollution from nitrates and pesticides on a regional scale. International association of hydrological sciences 235, 521-526.
- 11. Foster, SSD 1987. Fundamental concepts in aquifer vulnerability, pollution risk and protection strategy. In: Duijvenbooden W. van and Waegeningh H.G. van (eds): TNO Committee on Hydrological Research, The Hague. Vulnerability of soil and ground water to pollutants, Proceedings and Information 38, 69-86.
- 12. Gogur, F and Dassargues, A 1998. A short review on groundwater vulnerability assessment, basic statements for use in the framework of the cost 620 action. Workshop 18-20 May. University of Neuchâtel.
- 13. Hadžić, E et al. 2015. The importance of groundwater vulnerability maps in the protection of groundwater sources. Key study: Sarajevsko Polje. Procedia Environmental Sciences 25, 104-111.
- 14. Murat, V. et al. 2000. Etude comparative des méthodes d’évaluation de la vulnérabilité des aquifères à la pollution : application aux aquifères granulaires du Piémont Laurentien, Quebec. [Etude comparative des méthodes d’évaluation de la vulnérabilité des aquifères à la pollution : application aux aquifères granulaires du Piémont Laurentien, Québec]. AIHCNC et SCG, 411-418.
- 15. Ribeiro, L 2000. Development of an index to assess the susceptibility of aquifers to contamination. [Desenvolvimento de um índice para avaliar a susceptibilidade dos aquíferos à contaminação]. (não publicada), ERSHACVRM, 1-8.
- 16. Rizka, M 2018. Comparative studies of groundwater vulnerability assessment. Environmental Earth Sciences 118, 012018.
- 17. Samake, M et al. 2011. Groundwater vulnerability assessment in Shallow aquifer in Linfen basin, Shanxi province, China, using DRASTIC model. Journal of Sustainable Development 4, 53-71.
- 18. Sinan, M and Razack, M 2007. An extension to the DRASTIC model to assess groundwater vulnerability to pollution: application to the Haouz aquifer of Marrakech (Morocco), special issue: Environment: Survival and Sustainability. 247-348.
Uwagi
Opracowanie rekordu ze środków MNiSW, umowa Nr 461252 w ramach programu "Społeczna odpowiedzialność nauki" - moduł: Popularyzacja nauki i promocja sportu (2021).
Typ dokumentu
Bibliografia
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