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Abstrakty
The Niedźwiedzia Cave system is composed of 3 horizontal levels of passages and chambers. Changes in the drip rate of water from the upper level stalactites correlate well with changes in precipitation intensity. The transition time between the surface and the upper level of the cave was estimated to 14 days. Drip sites in the middle and lower levels of the cave exhibited two types of recharge: some did not correlate with precipitation intensity, whereas others correlated well with rain events. The transition times for the latter sites were estimated to be greater than 6 months. This estimate was confirmed by the calculation of the transition time based on tritium activity. The oldest water in the entire karst system was observed in a karst spring. The mean tritium age for this water during winter was estimated to be 3.9 ± 0.6 yr. More precise calculations of the tritium age of karst water require longer precipitation activity datasets.
Słowa kluczowe
Wydawca
Czasopismo
Rocznik
Tom
Strony
210--216
Opis fizyczny
Bibliogr. 19 poz., wykr.
Twórcy
autor
- Institute of Geological Sciences, Polish Academy of Sciences, Twarda St. 51/55, PL-00818, Warsaw, Poland
autor
- Institute of Geological Sciences, Polish Academy of Sciences, Twarda St. 51/55, PL-00818, Warsaw, Poland
autor
- Institute of Geological Sciences, Polish Academy of Sciences, Twarda St. 51/55, PL-00818, Warsaw, Poland
autor
- Institute of Geological Sciences, Polish Academy of Sciences, Twarda St. 51/55, PL-00818, Warsaw, Poland
Bibliografia
- 1. Baeza A, Garcia E and Miro C, 1999. A procedure for the determination of very low activity levels of tritium in water samples. Journal of Radioanalytical and Nuclear Chemistry 241: 93–100, DOI 10.1007/BF02347294.
- 2. Baker A, Barnes WL and Smart PL, 1997. Stalagmite drip discharge and organic matter fluxes in Lower Cave Bristol. Hydrological Processes 11: 1541–1555, DOI 10.1002/(SICI)1099-1085(199709)11:11<1541::AID-HYP484>3.0.CO;2-Z.
- 3. Bieroński J, Stefaniak K, Hercman H, Socha P and Nadachowski A, 2009. Palaeogeographic and palaeoecological analysis of sediments of the 4. Niedźwiedzia Cave in Kletno. In: Stefaniak K., Tyc A. and Socha P. (Eds), Karst of the Częstochowa Upland and of the Eastern Sudetes. Studies of the Faculty of Earth Sciences Uni-versity of Silesia, 401–422.
- 4. Ciężkowski W, Buczyński S, Rzonca B, Marszałek H, Wąsik M and Staśko S, 2009. Groundwater of karst terrain in the Sudetes. In: Stefaniak K., Tyc A. and Socha P. (Eds), Karst of the Częstochowa Upland and of the Eastern Sudetes. Studies of the Faculty of Earth Sciences University of Silesia, 371–384.
- 5. Clark ID and Fritz P, 1997. Environmental Isotopes in Hydrogeology, Lewis Publishers, New York, 328 pp.
- 6. Craig H and Lal D, 1961. The production rate of natural Tritium. Tellus 13: 85–105.
- 7. Fairchild IJ, Tuckwell GW, Baker A and Tooth AF, 2006. Modelling of dripwater hydrology and hydrogeochemistry in a weakly karstified aquifer (Bath, UK): implications for climate change studies. Journal of Hydrology 321: 213–231, DOI 10.1016/j.jhydrol.2005.08.002.
- 8. Ford D and PD Williams, 2007. Karst Hydrogeology and Geomorphology. John Wiley & Sons, 576 pp.
- 9. Kluge T, Riechelmann DFC, Wieser M, Spotl C, Sultenfus J, Schroder-Ritzrau A, Niggemann S and Aeschbach-Hertig W, 2010. Dating cave drip water by tritium. Journal of Hydrology 394: 396–406, DOI 10.1016/j.jhydrol.2010.09.015.
- 10. Lucas LL and Unterweger MP, 2000. Comprehensive Review and Critical Evaluation of the Half-Life of Tritium. Journal of research of the National Institute of Standards and Technology 105: 541–549, DOI 10.6028/jres.105.043.
- 11. Mattey D and Collister C, 2008. High resolution measurement of drip discharge rates in caves using an acoustic drip counter. Cave Radio and Electronics Journal 70: 11–13.
- 12. Mattey D, Lowry D, Duffet J, Hodge E and Frisia S, 2008. A 56 year seasonally resolved oxygen and carbon isotope record from a modern Gibraltar speleothem: reconstructed dripwater and relationship to local precipitation. Earth and Planetary Science Letters 269: 80–95, DOI 10.1016/j.epsl.2008.01.051.
- 13. Ozyurt NN and Bayari CS, 2005. Steady- and unsteadystate lumped parameter modeling of tritium and chlorofluorocarbons transport: hypothetical analyses and application to an alpine karst aquifer. Hydrological Processes 19: 3269–3284, DOI 10.1002/hyp.5969.
- 14. Price RM, Top Z, Happell JD and Swart PK, 2003. Use of tritium and helium to define groundwater flow conditions in Everglades National Park. Water Resources Research 39: 1267, DOI 10.1029/2002WR001929.
- 15. Radwan I, Pietrzak-Flis Z and Wardaszko T, 2001. Tritium in surface waters, tap water and in precipitation in Poland during the 1994–1999 period. Journal of Radioanalytical and Nuclear Chemistry 247: 71–77, DOI 10.1023/A:1006775300812.
- 16. Różański K, Gonfiantini R and Araguas-Araguas L, 1991. Tritium in the global atmosphere: distribution patterns and recent trends. Journal of Physics G: Nuclear and Particle Physics 17: S523, DOI 10.1088/0954-3899/17/S/053.
- 17. Simpson JA, 1960. The production of tritons and C14 in the terrestrial atmosphere by solar protons. Journal of Geophysical Research 65: 1615–1616, DOI 10.1029/JZ065i005p01615.
- 18. Smart PL and Friederich H, 1986. Water movement and storage in the unsaturated zone of a maturely karstified aquifer, Mendip Hills, England. Proceedings of the Conference on Environmental Problems in Karst Terrains and their Solutions. National Water Wells Association, Bowling Green, Kentucky pp. 57–87.
- 19. Theodorsson P, 1999. A review of low-level tritium systems and sensitivity requirements. Applied Radiation and Isotopes 50: 311–316, DOI 10.1016/S0969-8043(97)10153-1.
Typ dokumentu
Bibliografia
Identyfikator YADDA
bwmeta1.element.baztech-d9c882f1-f775-4bec-a857-2a40579ea242