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Assessing the impacts to vessel traffic from offshore wind farms in the Thames Estuary

Autorzy
Treść / Zawartość
Identyfikatory
Warianty tytułu
Języki publikacji
EN
Abstrakty
EN
The development of offshore renewable energy installations can introduce additional hazards to the safe navigation of shipping in often already crowded waterways. Developers and decision makers must predict and properly manage the potential risks imposed on navigating vessels from wind farm developments, in a complex and uncertain environment. Considerable analysis has been undertaken to model navigational risks to vessel traffic around wind farms; however this work is generally predictive and there is little understanding as to whether the modelling, central to the consideration of navigation safety, accurately reflects the postconstructed navigation risks. It is therefore important for decision makers to understand the uncertainties present in the analysis, both in terms of the assessment of risk and the implementation of any risk reduction measures. This paper presents a comparative analysis of the change in vessel traffic in the Thames Estuary before and after the construction of five offshore wind farms. The analysis demonstrates how the impact on vessel traffic is specific to the location of each development, driven by traffic management measures and other local constraints. Therefore the accurate modelling of this impact requires the input of experienced navigators, regulators and other knowledgeable stakeholders. The results of this analysis can be used to improve the predictive modelling of vessel traffic around offshore wind farms and other offshore installations, leading to a reduction in the uncertainty of vessel traffic modelling in the future.
Rocznik
Strony
99--107
Opis fizyczny
Bibliogr. 23 poz., rys., tab.
Twórcy
autor
  • Marico Marine, (Marine and Risk Consultants Ltd) Bramshaw, Southampton, SO43 7JB, UK
autor
  • Marico Marine, (Marine and Risk Consultants Ltd) Bramshaw, Southampton, SO43 7JB, UK
Bibliografia
  • 1. Anatec (2014) Navitus Bay Wind Park: Technical Appendix Volume B – Chapter 16 – Shipping and Navigation. [Online] Available from: http://infrastructure.planningportal.gov.uk/projects/southeast/navitus-bay-wind-park/. [Accessed 13 March 2015]
  • 2. BMT Cordah (2003) Offshore Wind Energy Generation: Phase 1 Proposals and Environmental Report. Cordah/ DTI.009.04.01.06/2003.
  • 3. CHRISTENSEN, C.F., ANDERSEN, L.W. & PEDERSEN P.H. (2001) Ship collision risk for an offshore wind farm. in: Structural Safety and Reliability: Proceedings of the Eighth International Conference, ICOSSAR'01. Newport Beach, USA, 17–22 June 2001.
  • 4. Department of Trade and Industry (2013) Methodology for Assessing the Marine Navigational Safety & Emergency Response Risks of Offshore Renewable Energy Installations (OREI). Department of Trade and Industry.
  • 5. FUJII, Y. & TANAKA, K. (1971) Traffic Capacity. The Journal of Navigation. 24. pp. 543–552.
  • 6. GOODWIN, E.M. (1975) A statistical study of ship domains. The Journal of Navigation. 28. pp. 328–344.
  • 7. HAJDUK, J. (2009) Safety of Navigation and Spatial Planning at Sea. TransNav: International Journal of Marine Navigation and Safety of Sea Transportation. 3. pp. 261– 266.
  • 8. Marico Marine (2005) Thanet Offshore Wind Farm: Navigation Assessment. Thanet Offshore Wind Ltd.
  • 9. Marico Marine (2007) Investigation of Technical and Operational Effects on Marine Radar Close to Kentish Flats Offshore Wind Farm. British Wind Energy Association.
  • 10. Maritime and Coastguard Agency (2008a) Offshore Renewable Energy Installations (OREIs) – Guidance on UK Navigational Practice, Safety and Emergency Response Issues. MGN 371 (M+F).
  • 11. Maritime and Coastguard Agency (2008b) Offshore Renewable Energy Installations (OREIs) – Guidance to Mariners Operating in the Vicinity of UK OREIs. MGN 372 (M+F).
  • 12. Maritime and Coastguard Agency and QinetiQ (2004) Results of the electromagnetic investigations and assessments of marine radar, communications and positioning systems undertaken at the North Hoyle wind farm by QinetiQ and the Maritime and Coastguard Agency. MCA MNA 53/10/366.
  • 13. MAZAHERI, A. & YLITALO, J. (2010) Comments on Geometrical Modeling of Ship Grounding. in: 5 th International Conference on Collision and Grounding of Ships, Espoo, Finland, 14–16 June 2010.
  • 14. Nautical Institute and World Ocean Council (2013) The Shipping Industry and Marine Spatial Planning: A professional approach. [Online] Available from: http://www.nautinst.org/en/forums/msp [Accessed 8 April 2015]
  • 15. Pacific Northwest National Laboratory (2014) Risk Assessment for Marine Vessel Traffic and Wind Energy Development in the Atlantic. [Online] Available from: http://tethys.pnnl.gov/sites/default/files/attachments/NavRisk-Final-9.2014.pdf [Accessed 09 April 2015]
  • 16. PIETRZYKOWSKI, Z. & URIASZ, J. (2009) The Ship Domain – A Criterion of Navigational Safety Assessment in an Open Sea Area. The Journal of Navigation. 62. pp. 93–108.
  • 17. RAWSON, A., ROGERS, E., FOSTER, D. & PHILLIPS, D. (2014) Practical Application of Domain Analysis: Port of London Case Study. Journal of Navigation. 67. pp. 193–209.
  • 18. Steamship Mutual (2009) Navigation in the Vicinity of Offshore Renewable Energy Installations. [Online] Available from: www.steamshipmutual.com/Risk-Alerts/RA02Navigation OREI.pdf [Accessed 2 April 2015]
  • 19. Strategic Marine Services Ltd (2011) Triton Knoll Offshore Wind Farm: Marine Navigational Safety Risk Assessment. [Online] Available from: http://infrastructure.planningportal.gov.uk/projects/eastmidlands/triton-knoll-offshore-wind-farm [Accessed 13 March 2015]
  • 20. TOKE, D. (2010) The UK offshore wind power programme: A sea-change in UK energy policy? Energy Policy. 39(2). pp. 526–534.
  • 21. United States Coastguard (2012) Atlantic Coast Port Access Route Study Interim Report. USCG-2011-0351.
  • 22. WAWRUCH, R. & STUPAK, T. (2011) Modelling of Safety Distances Between Ships’ Route and Wind Farm. The Archives of Transport. 23. pp. 413–420.
  • 23. WEINTRIT, A., NEUMANN, T. & FORMELA K. (2012) Some Problems of the Offshore Wind Farms in Poland. TransNav: International Journal on Marine Navigation and Safety of Sea Transportation. 6.
Typ dokumentu
Bibliografia
Identyfikator YADDA
bwmeta1.element.baztech-d8b3c5a6-e9e4-444c-bf1f-6ba9e3ab1e2e
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