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Quality assessment of 30 various brands of bottled drinking waters in Iran

Treść / Zawartość
Identyfikatory
Warianty tytułu
Języki publikacji
EN
Abstrakty
EN
During the last three decades bottled water consumption has become the fastest growing and most dynamic sector of all the food and beverage industries. In the study, physical, chemical and microbiological qualities of 30 different brands of bottled water were studied and compared with labeled values. Total hardness and pH values of bottled water were within acceptable range. Concentrations of trace and major chemical elements of all samples were within standard range. Nitrite concentration in all samples was close to zero. Only 6% and 20% of samples had respectively higher than acceptable values of fluorides and turbidity, respectively. Measured concentrations of sodium, calcium, magnesium, fluorides, nitrates, chlorides, pH and (TDS) were significantly different from labeled values on the samples. Twobrand bottles showed positive fecal coliform results while 16 brands of bottled water showed positive HPC results at 37 °C.
Rocznik
Strony
65--73
Opis fizyczny
Bibliogr. 25 poz., tab.
Twórcy
autor
  • Center for Health Related Social and Behavioral Sciences Research, Department of Epidemiology, Shahroud University of Medical Sciences, Shahroud, Iran.
autor
  • Department of Environmental Health Engineering, School of Public Health, Shahroud University of Medical Sciences, Shahroud, Iran
autor
  • Department of Public Health, School of Health, Shahroud University of Medical Sciences, Shahroud, Iran.
autor
  • Department of Basic Sciences, School of Medicine, Shahroud University of Medical Sciences, Shahroud, Iran.
Bibliografia
  • [1] Beverage Marketing Corporati, Adams Business Media, Distilled Spirits Council of the United States, Florida Department of Citrus; International Dairy Foods Association; U.S. Tea Association. 1998–2008.
  • [2] DE BEAUFORT I.D., The camel syndrome, J. Public Health, 2007, 15, 407.
  • [3] European Federation of Bottled Water, The bottled water industry in figures, Brussels, Belgium, 2006.
  • [4] SEMERJIAN L.A., Quality assessment of various bottled waters marketed in Lebanon, Environ. Monit. Assess., 2011, 172, 275.
  • [5] MAQBOOL A., BAJAHLAN A.S., Quality comparison of tap water vs. bottled water in the industrial city of Yanbu (Saudi Arabia), Environ. Monit. Assess., 2009, 159, 1.
  • [6] WHO (World Health Organization), Draft Third Edition of the WHO Guidelines for Drinking Water Quality, Available from: http://www.who.int/water sanitation_health/dwq/fulltext.pdf. Accessed November 2011.
  • [7] EEC. Directive 2009/54/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council of 18 June 2009 on the exploitation and marketing of natural mineral waters, Official Journal, L 146/45, 2009, 26/06/2009.
  • [8] EPA (Environmental Protection Agency), Current Drinking Water Standards, Available from: http://water.epa.gov/drink/contaminants/index.cfm. Accessed November, 2011.
  • [9] KOKKINAKIS E., FRAGKIADAKIS G.A., KOKKINAKI A., Monitoring microbiological quality of bottled water as suggested by HACCP methodology, Food Control, 2008; 19, 957.
  • [10] SAMADI M., RAHMANI A., SEDEHI M., SONBOLI N., Evaluation of chemical quality in 17 brands of Iranian bottled drinking waters, J. Res. Health Sci., 2009, 9 (2), 25.
  • [11] American Public Health Association. American Water Works Association and Water Environment Federation, Standard methods for the examination of water and wastewater (21st Ed.), Washington, DC., 2005.
  • [12] MARTIN T.D., BROCKHOFF C.A., Determination of metals and trace elements in water by ultrasonic nebulization inductively coupled plasma-atomic emission spectrometry, Revision 1.2 US EPA Method 200.15, 1994, Revision 1.2 EMMC Version.
  • [13] NELSON P., Index to EPA test methods. Boston, MA, US EPA. New England Region Library, 2003.
  • [14] VERSARI A., PARPINELLO G.P., GALASSI S., Chemometric survey of italian bottled mineral waters by means of their labelled physico-chemical and chemical composition, J. Food Comp. Anal., 2002, 15 (3), 251.
  • [15] SASIKARAN S., SRITHARAN K., BALAKUMAR S., ARASARATNAM V., Physical, chemical and microbial analysis of bottled drinking water, Ceylon Med. J., 2012, 57 (3), 111.
  • [16] ABD EL ALEEM M.K., AL AJMY H., Comparative study of potable and mineral waters available in the State of Kuwait, Desalination, 1999, 123, 253.
  • [17] IKEM A., ODUEYUNGBO S., EGIEBOR N.O., NYAVOR K., Chemical quality of bottled waters from three cities in Eastern Alabama, Sci. Total Environ., 2002, 285, 165.
  • [18] BABA A., EREES F., HICSONMEZ S., CAM S., OZDILEK H., An assessment of the quality of various bottled mineral water marketed in Turkey, Environ. Monit. Assess., 2008, 139, 277.
  • [19] LEIVADARA S.V., NIKOLAOU A.D., LEKKAS T.D., Determination of organic compounds in bottled waters, Food Chem., 2008, 108, 277.
  • [20] YEKDELI KERMANSHAHI K., TABARAKI R., KARIMI H., NIKORAZM M., ABBASI S., Classification of Iranian bottled waters as indicated by manufacturer’s labellings, Food Chem., 2010, 120, 1218.
  • [21] GÜLER C., THYNE G.D., MCCRAY J.E., TURNER A.K., Evaluation of graphical and multivariate statistical methods for classification of water chemistry data, Hydrogeol. J., 2002, 10 (4), 455.
  • [22] DIDUCH M., POLKOWSKA Z., NAMIESNIK J., Chemical quality of bottled waters. A Review, J. Food Sci., 2011, 76, 9.
  • [23] VENIERI D., VANTARAKIS A., KOMNINOU G., PAPAPETROPOULOU M., Microbiological evaluation of bottled non-carbonated water from domestic brands in Greece, Int. J. Food Microbiol., 2006, 107, 68.
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  • [25] DIDUCH M., POLKOWSKA Z., NAMIESNIK J., Factors affecting the quality of bottled water, J. Exp. Sci. Environ. Epid., 2012, 1.
Typ dokumentu
Bibliografia
Identyfikator YADDA
bwmeta1.element.baztech-d89ebb61-933a-42d9-aa36-747404cb4a04
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