Natural and synthetic waxes in explosives – a review

• Autorzy: Szala Mateusz

Identyfikatory

DOI

10.22211/matwys/0225

Warianty tytułu

PL

Przegląd naturalnych i syntetycznych wosków stosowanych w materiałach wybuchowych

• Języki publikacji: EN

Abstrakty

EN

The aim of the paper was to determine how many natural waxes are used in explosives and whether it is possible to make the waxes independent of natural sources. A review of natural and synthetic waxes used in explosives was made. The object of the review was literature not only closely related to explosives, but also other specialistic sources allowing for the identification of components used in materials called waxes. About 40 waxes have been identified that have been or are used in explosives in the world over the last 80 years. A mixture called a wax can therefore contain 2-5 different ingredients and practically none of the ingredients need to be a wax in the narrow sense. The rest of ingredients of the compositions called waxes are surfactants, emulsifiers, emulsion stabilizers, film-forming additives, etc. The composition and properties of about 20 of the most popular wax-containing explosives are presented. The results indicate that in next 10-20 years resignation from natural waxes is unlikely.

PL

Wykonano przegląd wosków naturalnych i syntetycznych używanych w materiałach i kompozycjach wybuchowych. Zidentyfikowano ok. 40-tu wosków które były lub są stosowane w materiałach wybuchowych na Świecie na przestrzeni ostatnich 80 lat. Ustalono, że w literaturze przedmiotu terminem „wosk” zwykle określa się topliwą nieenergetyczną mieszaninę na bazie wosków naturalnych lub syntetycznych. Mieszanina nazywana woskiem może więc zawierać 2-5 różnych składników i praktycznie żaden ze składników nie musi być woskiem w wąskim tego słowa znaczeniu. Pozostałe składniki kompozycji nazywanych woskami to środki powierzchniowo czynne, emulgatory, stabilizatory emulsji, dodatki filmotwórcze itp. Przybliżono skład oraz właściwości ok. 20-tu najpopularniejszych kompozycji wybuchowych zawierających woski. Analizowane kompozycje wybuchowe można elaborować techniką prasowania lub odlewania.

Słowa kluczowe

EN

explosives; explosive compositions; waxes; natural waxes; synthetic waxes; physical properties; energetic properties

PL

materiały wybuchowe; kompozycje wybuchowe; woski; woski naturalne; woski syntetyczne; właściwości fizyczne; właściwości wybuchowe

• Wydawca: Sieć Badawcza Łukasiewicz - Instytut Przemysłu Organicznego
• Czasopismo: Materiały Wysokoenergetyczne
• Rocznik: 2022
• Tom: T. 14
• Strony: 26--34
• Opis fizyczny: Bibliogr. 30 poz., tab.

Twórcy

autor

Szala Mateusz

• Military University of Technology, Department of Explosives, 2 gen. S. Kaliskiego St., 00-908 Warsaw, Poland

• https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6928-2689

Bibliografia

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