Evolution of Patterns in the Ratio of Gender at Birth in Henan province, China

• Autorzy: Li Cangyu , Wang Xinhui , Xie Zhixiang , Qin Mingzhou

Warianty tytułu

PL

Ewolucja rozkładu wskaźników urodzeń według płci w prowincji Henan w Chinach

• Języki publikacji: EN

Abstrakty

EN

The imbalance in the ratio of males to females at birth is one of the major challenges facing modern China. It is a problem that cannot be overlooked, especially in the context of the socioeconomic development being experienced in China. Based on data of the sex ratio at birth in 2000 and 2010, and using exploratory spatial data analysis and geographical detector methods, this paper systematically explores spatial patterns, evolutionary characteristics and the mechanisms for the analysis of this ratio in Henan province. The results show that: (1) the degree of imbalance between the sexes is exhibiting a downward trend, while significant differences in the levels exist in internal county units and these variations are increasingly expanding; (2) areas exhibiting extreme levels of imbalance are located in the north, east and south of Henan. The remaining areas had a mixed distribution and were widely spread in the central and western regions of the province; (3) according to the spatial correlation characteristics, there exists an obvious aggregation phenomenon in sex structure at birth which has moved northwest in the decade under review; and (4) there are many factors affecting the distribution of the ratio between the sexes at birth, including natural environmental conditions, levels of education, population stress, economic development and population migration. In addition to these factors, urbanization, living conditions, social development, traffic conditions, income level, reproductive potential and health factors have also influenced the proportion of males to females to different degrees.

PL

Dysproporcje w liczbie urodzeń mężczyzn w stosunku do liczby urodzeń kobiet stanowią jedno z głównych wyzwań współczesnych Chin. Jest to problem, który nie może zostać pominięty, szczególnie w kontekście trwającego w Chinach rozwoju społeczno-gospodarczego. Niniejszy artykuł podejmuje metodyczną analizę wzorców przestrzennych, cech ewolucyjnych i mechanizmów analizy wskaźnika urodzeń według płci w prowincji Henan w oparciu o dane z lat 2000 i 2010 oraz z wykorzystaniem danych przestrzennych i metod detekcji geograficznej. Wyniki badań pokazują, że: (1) stopień dysproporcji pomiędzy liczbą urodzeń według płci wykazuje tendencję spadkową, a znaczne, coraz bardziej widoczne, różnice istnieją w wewnętrznych jednostkach powiatowych prowincji; (2) północne, wschodnie i południowe obszary prowincji Henan odznaczają się najwyższym stopniem tych dysproporcji. W pozostałych obszarach prowincji dysproporcje rozkładały się w sposób mieszany i były szeroko rozpowszechnione w regionach centralnych oraz zachodnich; (3) zgodnie ze specyfiką korelacji przestrzennej, istnieje oczekiwane zjawisko agregacji w strukturze urodzeń według płci, które na przestrzeni dekady przemieściło się w rejon północnego-zachodu; (4) istnieje wiele czynników, które mają wpływ na rozkład proporcji płci podczas narodzin, należą do nich: warunki naturalne, poziom wykształcenia, poziom stresu ludności oraz rozwoju gospodarczego, migracja ludności. Oprócz powyższych czynników, wpływ na odsetek mężczyzn wśród kobiet miały w różnym stopniu: urbanizacja, panujące warunki mieszkaniowe, potencjał reprodukcyjny oraz czynniki zdrowotne.

Słowa kluczowe

EN

sex ratio at birth; sex structure; country scale; space evolution pattern; Henan province

PL

wskaźnik urodzeń według płci; struktura płci; skala krajowa; wzorce ewolucji przestrzennej; prowincja Henan

• Wydawca: Lublin University of Technology
• Czasopismo: Problemy Ekorozwoju
• Rocznik: 2018
• Tom: Vol. 13, nr 1
• Strony: 59--67
• Opis fizyczny: Bibliogr. 33 poz., fig., tab.

Twórcy

autor

Li Cangyu

• College of Environment and Planning, Henan University, Kaifeng, 475004, China

autor

Wang Xinhui

• Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Applied Botany, South China Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510650, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China

autor

Xie Zhixiang

• Henan University, Kaifeng, 475004, China

autor

Qin Mingzhou

• College of Environment and Planning, Henan University, Kaifeng, 475004, China

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