Identyfikatory
Warianty tytułu
Języki publikacji
Abstrakty
The problem of setting out in civil engineering applications has been addressed in the literature for a long time. However, technological development has provided researchers with an opportunity of having other procedures in line with modern techniques in surveying sciences. One of the most important procedures in erecting steel structures, bridges, and precast columns of a building is the accurate placement of the anchorage system in concrete. The traditional method for staking out anchor bolts relies on sight rails, string lines, and tape measure. The precision of this art depends not only on the accuracy of observed offset distances during layout operations but also on the centerline of the anchoring template itself. Nowadays, the process of designing structures is executed using software that can perform a digital plan in CAD environment, where the coordinates of each anchor bolt can be defined. This research presents an accurate approach of positioning anchor bolts based on the second problem in surveying and total station. Error analysis and field application are described to evaluate the performance of the proposed method. However, the results indicate that the developed technique increases productivity, reduces the cost, and improves the positional accuracy.
Czasopismo
Rocznik
Tom
Strony
239--252
Opis fizyczny
Bibliogr. 22 poz., il., tab.
Twórcy
autor
- Department of Civil Engineering, Faculty of Technology Engineering, Al-Balqa Applied University, Jordan
autor
- Department of Civil Engineering, Faculty of Technology Engineering, Al-Balqa Applied University, Jordan
autor
- Department of Civil Engineering, Faculty of Technology Engineering, Al-Balqa Applied University, Jordan
Bibliografia
- 1. American Concrete Institute. (2014). Building Code Requirements for Structural Concrete (ACI 318-14): Commentary on Building Code Requirements for Structural Concrete (ACI 318R-14): an ACI Report. American Concrete Institute. ACI.
- 2. American Concrete Institute. (Reapproved 2015). Specification for Tolerances for Concrete Construction and Materials (ACI 117-10) and Commentary. American Concrete Institute. ACI.
- 3. American Institute of Steel Construction. (2016). Code of Standard Practice for Steel Buildings and Bridges (ANSI/AISC 303-16). American Institute of Steel Construction.
- 4. Basham, K. (2016). Anchor bolts tolerances. Retrieved January 29, 2018, from https://www.forconstructionpros.com.
- 5. Baykal, O., Tari, E., Coşkun, M. Z., & Erden, T. (2005). Accuracy of point layout with polar coordinates. Journal of surveying engineering, 131(3), 87-93, DOI: 10.1061/(ASCE)0733-9453(2005)131:3(87).
- 6. Collins, J., & Schlafly, T. J. (2010). Steel wise-base plates and anchor rods-a review of the concepts behind anchoring columns, as further explained in AISC steel design guide 1. Modern Steel Construction, 56.
- 7. EN, B. (2008). 1090-2 (2008): Execution of steel structures and aluminum structures-Part 2: 2. Technical requirements for steel structures. British Standards Institution, London.
- 8. Fisher, J. M., & Kloiber, L. A. (2006). Base plate and anchor rod design. American Institute of Steel Construction.
- 9. García-Balboa, José, Antonio Ruiz-Armenteros, José Rodríguez-Avi, Juan Reinoso-Gordo, and Juan Robledillo-Román. (2018). A Field procedure for the assessment of the centering uncertainty of geodetic and surveying instruments. Sensors, 18(10), 3187, DOI: 10.3390/s18103187.
- 10. Ghailani, C. D. & Wolf, P. R. (2012). Elementary Surveying”, Thirteenth Edition, Pearson.
- 11. Guide, S. D. (2006). Base plate and anchor rod design. AISC, Chicago, 41.
- 12. Kala, V. (2009). Some problems of an as‐built survey and setting out accuracy. Geodezija ir Kartografija, 35(3), 73-76. DOI: 10.3846/1392-1541.2009.35.73-76.
- 13. Lee, D. Y., Goel, S. C., & Stojadinovic, B. (2008). Exposed column-base plate connections bending about weak axis: I. Numerical parametric study. International Journal of Steel Structures, 8(1), 11-27.
- 14. Leinonen, J., Kähkönen, K., Retik, A., Flood, R. A., William, I., & O’brien, J. (2003). New construction management practice based on the virtual reality technology. 4D CAD and visualization in construction: developments and applications, 75-100.
- 15. Martin, D. (2010). Instrument calibration at the ESRF. In XXIV FIG International Congress.
- 16. Mikhail, E. M., & Gracie, G. (1981). Analysis and adjustment of survey measurements. New York: Van Nostrand Reinhold.
- 17. Moreno, R., & Bazán, A. M. (2017). Automation in the teaching of descriptive geometry and CAD. High-level CAD templates using script languages. In IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering, 245(6). IOP Publishing.
- 18. Munemoto, S., & Sonoda, Y. (2017). Experimental analysis of anchor bolt in concrete under the pull-out loading. Procedia engineering, 171, 926-933, DOI: 10.1016/j.proeng.2017.01.391.
- 19. NSPS Standards (2002). Positional accuracy definitions and procedures. Alaska Society of Professional Land Surveyors. https://www.alaskapls.org/wpcontent/standards2013/nsps.standards.pdf.
- 20. Putkey, J. J. (1993). Common steel erection problems and suggested solutions. Structural Steel Educational Council.
- 21. Shaheen, M. A., Tsavdaridis, K. D., & Salem, E. (2017). Effect of grout properties on shear strength of column base connections: FEA and analytical approach. Engineering Structures, 152, 307-319, DOI: 10.1016/j.engstruct.2017.08.065.
- 22. Solomos, G., & Berra, M. (2006). Testing of anchorages in concrete under dynamic tensile loading. Materials and Structures, 39(7), 695-706, DOI: 10.1617/s11527-006-9112-1.
Typ dokumentu
Bibliografia
Identyfikator YADDA
bwmeta1.element.baztech-d1e0d71b-aafc-44f2-aa56-75a8aad98737