Analysis of Biodegrability of Degradable/Biodegradable Plastic Material in Controlled Composting Environment

• Autorzy: Adamcová D. , Vaverková M. D. , Mašíček T. , Břoušková E.

Identyfikatory

DOI

10.12911/22998993/64564

• Języki publikacji: EN

Abstrakty

EN

We have obtained eight degradable/biodegradable materials based on starch (certified compostable), sample 4–7, HDPE mixed with totally degradable plastic additive (TDPA), sample 2 and polyethylene with the addition of pro-oxidant additive (d2w), sample 1. Composition of sample 3 has not been reported. The materials have been tested as to the rate and character of their degradability/biodegradability in controlled composting conditions. Experiment explored also the effect of degradation/biodegradation of plastic bags on compost quality. The material of the original samples was subjected to assessment using the Nicolet 6700 FT-IR spectrometer, the outcome thereof was obtaining infrared spectra of the samples. For further specification the original samples were tested using the thermogravimetrical analysis. The texture of the foils at different stages of degradation is presented in the Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM) photographs. Plastic bags certified as compostable have degraded in laboratory conditions and their degradation had no impact on the quality and features of compost. Selected samples (4, 6) showed significant erosion on surface when subjected to the SEM analysis. Samples labeled (by their producers) as 100% degradable (samples 1, 2, 3) did not show any visual signs of degradation and the process of degradation had no impact on the quality and features of compost. Only one of the samples (sample 1) showed certain erosion of surface when submitted for the SEM analysis.

Słowa kluczowe

EN

degradation; controlled environment; thermogravimetrical analysis; SEM photographs

• Wydawca: Polskie Towarzystwo Inżynierii Ekologicznej ; Lublin University of Technology
• Czasopismo: Journal of Ecological Engineering
• Rocznik: 2016
• Tom: Vol. 17, nr 4
• Strony: 1--10
• Opis fizyczny: Bibliogr. 14 poz., tab., rys.

Twórcy

autor

Adamcová D.

• Department of Applied and Landscape Ecology, Faculty of AgriSciences, Mendel University in Brno, Zemědělská 1, 613 00 Brno, Czech Republic

autor

Vaverková M. D.

• Department of Applied and Landscape Ecology, Faculty of AgriSciences, Mendel University in Brno, Zemědělská 1, 613 00 Brno, Czech Republic

autor

Mašíček T.

• Department of Applied and Landscape Ecology, Faculty of AgriSciences, Mendel University in Brno, Zemědělská 1, 613 00 Brno, Czech Republic

autor

Břoušková E.

• Department of Morphology, Physiology and Animal Genetics, Faculty of AgriSciences, Mendel University in Brno, Zemědělská 1, 613 00 Brno, Czech Republic

Bibliografia

• 1. Adamcová D., Toman F., Vaverková M., Kotovicová J. 2013. The effect of biodegradation/degradation of degradable plastic material on compost quality. Ecological Chemistry and Engineering S. 20 (4), 783–798.
• 2. Billingham N. C., Bonora M., De Corte D. 2002. Environmental degradable plastics based on oxo-degradation of conventional polyolefins in Proceedings of the 7th World Conference on Biodegradable Polymers and Plastics, Pisa, June 4–8.
• 3. ČSN 46 5735 Norm “Industrial composts”.
• 4. ČSN EN 14806 Norm “Packaging – Preliminary evaluation of the disintegration of the packaging materials under simulated composting conditions in a laboratory scale test”.
• 5. ČSN EN ISO 20200 “Plastics – Determination of the degree of disintegration of plastic materials under simulated composting conditions in a laboratory–scale test”.
• 6. Domka L., Malicka A., Jagła K., Kozak A. 2009. Biodegradation of Starch-Modified Foil in Natural Conditions. Polish J. of Environ. Stud. 18 (2), 191–195.
• 7. Chiellini E., Corti A., Swift G. 2003. Biodegradation of thermally-oxidised, fragmented lowdensity polyethylene. Polymer Degradation and Stability. 81, 341–351.
• 8. Jakubowicz I., Yarahmadi N., Petersen H. 2006. Evaluation of the rate of abiotic degradation of biodegradable polyethylene in various environments. Polym Degrad Stab. 91, 1556–1562.
• 9. Kozłowski M. 1998. Fundamental problems of recycling of plastics. Wroclaw Technical University Press, Wrocław.
• 10. Mudgal S., Lyons L., Bain J., Dias D., Faninger T., Johansson L., Dolley P., Shields L., Bowyer C. 2011. Plastic Waste in the Environment – Revised Final Report for European Commission DG Environment.
• 11. Pieluchowski J., Puszyński A. 1998. Technology of plastics. WNT.
• 12. Raninger B., Steiner G., Wales D.M., Hare C.W.J. 2002. Tests on composting of degradable polyethylene in respect to the duality of the end product compost. Microbiology of Composting, Springer.
• 13. Rojas E., Greene J. 2007. Performance Evaluation of Environmentally Degradable Plastic Packaging and Disposable Food Service Ware - Final Report. 1–70.
• 14. Vaverková M., Toman F., Adamcová D., Kotovicová J. 2012. Study of the Biodegrability of Degradable/Biodegradable Plastic Material in a Controlled Composting Environment. Ecological Chemistry and Engineering S. 19 (3), 347–358.

Uwagi

PL

Opracowanie ze środków MNiSW w ramach umowy 812/P-DUN/2016 na działalność upowszechniającą naukę.