Selective Nitration of Toluene using Nitrogen(V) Oxide in Dichloromethane and Catalysts

• Autorzy: Maksimowski Paweł , Nastała Andrzej , Tomaszewski Waldemar

Identyfikatory

DOI

10.22211/cejem/158420

• Języki publikacji: EN

Abstrakty

EN

A series of toluene nitration reactions was carried out using a nitrogen(V) oxide (N₂O₅)solution in dichloromethane (CH₂Cl₂), with and without the addition of solid catalysts. N₂O₅ in CH₂Cl₂ was found to be a more active and selective mixture compared to 100% nitric acid and a mixture of nitric acid(V) in CH₂Cl₂. Temperature has a significant effect on the composition of the products of nitration of toluene with N₂O₅ in CH₂Cl₂; as the reaction temperature was decreased, the amount of meta-nitrotoluene decreased to approx. 1-1.2%, at a nitration temperature below -40 °C. The use of molecular sieves with toluene adsorption resulted in a quite powerful para effect, demonstrated by a significant increase in the amount of the para isomer, while reducing the ortho- and meta-isomers. The most pertinent effect was obtained when using 13X molecular sieves. In addition to improving the selectivity, the use of molecular sieves also leads to a higher degree of nitration of toluene (toluene/N₂O₅ = 1:1) due to the resulting nitric acid being absorbed by the pores of the molecular sieve.

Słowa kluczowe

EN

nitration; nitrogen(V) oxide; toluene; nitrotoluenes

• Czasopismo: Central European Journal of Energetic Materials
• Rocznik: 2022
• Tom: Vol. 19, no. 4
• Strony: 424--437
• Opis fizyczny: Bibliogr. 22 poz., tab., wykr.

Twórcy

autor

Maksimowski Paweł

• Warsaw University of Technology, Warsaw, Poland

• https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0945-7149

autor

Nastała Andrzej

• Warsaw University of Technology, Warsaw, Poland

• https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9457-2557

autor

Tomaszewski Waldemar

• Warsaw University of Technology, Warsaw, Poland

Bibliografia

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