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Herein, a simple and effective method for the preparation of thiourea using a nucleophilic substitution reaction is reported. Urea and Lawesson’s reagent were used as the raw materials to prepare thiourea via a one-step method involving the sulfuration reaction, and the reaction mechanism was analyzed. The effect of the reaction time, reaction temperature, and mass ratio of the raw materials on the yield of thiourea were investigated.The most beneficial conditions used for the reaction were determined to be: Reaction time = 3.5 h, reaction temperature = 75°C, and mass ratio of urea to Lawesson’s reagent = 2:1. Under these optimal conditions, the average yield of thiourea over five replicate experiments was 62.37%. Characterization using Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction (XRD) and thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) showed that the as-synthesized substance was thiourea. Our synthetic method has the advantages of high yield, mild reaction conditions and simplicity.
Czasopismo
Rocznik
Tom
Strony
35--39
Opis fizyczny
Bibliogr. 15 poz., rys., tab.
Twórcy
autor
- Jiaying College, Meizhou 514021, China
autor
- Jilin University, College of Chemistry, Changchun 130021, China
- Jilin Institute of Chemical Technology, Jilin 132022, China
- Jiaying College, Meizhou 514021, China
autor
- Jilin Institute of Chemical Technology, Jilin 132022, China
autor
- Jilin University, College of Chemistry, Changchun 130021, China
Bibliografia
- 1. Wang, C., Wang, Z. & Liang, W., et al. (2016). Catalytic Thiourea Promoted Electrophilic Thiocyanation of Indoles and Aromatic Amines with NCS/NH4SCN[J]. Chinese J. Chem. 34(11):1081–1085.DOI: 10.1002/cjoc.201600344.
- 2. Vallavoju, N., Selvakumar, S. & Pemberton, B.C., et al. (2016). Organophotocatalysis: Insights into the Mechanistic Aspects of Thiourea-Mediated Intermolecular [2+2] Photocycloadditions[J]. Angewandte Chemie, 128(18), 5536–5541. DOI: 10.1002/anie.201600596.
- 3. Venkatachalam, T.K., Mao, C. & Uckun, F.M. (2004). Effect of stereochemistry on the anti-HIV activity of chiral thiourea compounds[J]. Bioorg. & Medic. Chem. 12(15), 4275–4284. DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2004.04.050.
- 4. Sahu, M.P., Solanki, N.S. & Dashora, L.N. (2010). Effects of Thiourea, Thiamine and Ascorbic Acid on Growth and Yield of Maize (Zea mays L.)[J]. J. Agron. & Crop Sci. 171(1):65–69. DOI: 10.1111/j.1439-037X.1993.tb00437.x.
- 5. Demirbas, A., Pehlivan, E., Gode, F., Altun, T. & Arslan, G. (2005). Adsorption of Cu(II), Zn(II), Ni(II), Pb(II), and Cd(II) from aqueous solution on Amberlite IR-120 synthetic resin. J. Colloid Interface Sci. 282, 20–25. DOI: 10.1016/j.jcis.2004.08.147.
- 6. Birinci, E., Gülfen, M. & Aydin, A.O. (2009). Separation and recovery of palladium(II) from base metal ions by melamine-formaldehyde-thiourea (MFT) chelating resin. Hydrometallurgy. 95, 15–21. DOI: 10.1016/j.hydromet.2008.04.002.
- 7. He, Y., He, L. & Peng, S. (2013) Industrialization test of thiourea produced by urea-cyanide calcium method. Guang. Chem. Ind. 40(15), 31–32. DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1007-1865.2013.15.016.
- 8. Li, Z. (2005) Study on the new process of preparing thiourea from urea. Tianjin University, TianJin, China. 29–34.
- 9. Li, Z. (2005) Study on the new process of preparing thiourea from urea. Tianjin University, TianJin, China.7–8.
- 10. Xu, D. (2012) Preparation and application of substituted thiourea. Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing.
- 11. Ji, W. The Researeh for Novel Synthesis of Thiourea and ItS Use, Nanjing University of Technology, Nanjing. 2005, 2
- 12. Li, Z. (2005) Study on the new process of preparing thiourea from urea. Tianjin University, TianJin, China. 5–6.
- 13. Xu, Q., et al. Discussion on the Process of Acidic Gas Recovery and Production of Thiourea from Jingbo Petrochemical Refinery[J]. Guangdong Chem. Ind. 2013, 40(4), 45–46.
- 14. Liu, G., Ma, L. & Jie, L. (2002). Chemical and chemical properties handbook. Chemical Industry Press.
- 15.Wei, W. & Zhongju, D. (1999). Organic chemical materials. Chemical Industry Press.
Uwagi
Opracowanie rekordu w ramach umowy 509/P-DUN/2018 ze środków MNiSW przeznaczonych na działalność upowszechniającą naukę (2019).
Typ dokumentu
Bibliografia
Identyfikator YADDA
bwmeta1.element.baztech-d0d8484d-6b4a-4de5-8b2a-19d876d65a60