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Influence of Polyglycidyl-type Bonding Agents on the Viscoelastic Properties of a Carboxyl-terminated Poly(butadiene-co-acrylonitrilе)-based Composite Rocket Propellant

Treść / Zawartość
Identyfikatory
Warianty tytułu
Języki publikacji
EN
Abstrakty
EN
In the present study, functionally substituted bonding agents (triglycidyl isocyanurate and diglycidyl dimethylhydantoin) were incorporated into a composite propellant formulation based on carboxyl-terminated poly(butadiene-co-acrylonitrilе) and ammonium perchlorate. Bonding agents are an important component of a composite propellant, making up to 0.5 wt.% of the formulation. They affect processing, mechanical properties, ballistics, ageing and the characteristics of insensitive munition (IM) propellants. All of the testing has been done using an unmetallized propellant formulation (80 wt.% bimodal ammonium perchlorate and 20 wt.% binder). The focus has been on the mechanical properties of the propellant, as influenced by the presence of these bonding agents. Mechanical uniaxial tensile tests were accompanied by a dynamic mechanical analysis (DMA) over a wide range of temperatures. The storage modulus, loss modulus, loss factor and glass transition temperature for each propellant sample have been evaluated. The network characteristics, such as sol-gel content and crosslink density have been calculated and successfully correlated with the mechanical properties. The dynamic mechanical studies showed that the content of the bonding agent did not influence the glass transition temperature; however, the loss factor was shown to be a function of the crosslink density.
Rocznik
Strony
307--321
Opis fizyczny
Bibliogr. 32 poz., rys., tab.
Twórcy
autor
  • Military Technical Institute, Ministry of Defence, Ratka Resanovića 1, 11 030 Belgrade, Republic of Serbia
autor
  • Military Technical Institute, Ministry of Defence, Ratka Resanovića 1, 11 030 Belgrade, Republic of Serbia
autor
  • Military Technical Institute, Ministry of Defence, Ratka Resanovića 1, 11 030 Belgrade, Republic of Serbia
  • Faculty of Technology and Metallurgy, University of Belgrade, Karnegijeva 4, POB 3503, 11120 Belgrade, Republic of Serbia
  • Faculty of Technology and Metallurgy, University of Belgrade, Karnegijeva 4, POB 3503, 11120 Belgrade, Republic of Serbia
autor
  • Military Academy, University of Defence, General Pavle Jurišić-Šturm 33, 11000 Belgrade, Republic of Serbia
Bibliografia
  • [1] Agrawal J.P., High Energy Materials: Propellants, Explosives and Pyrotechnics, Wiley, Weinheim, 2010, pp. 1-464.
  • [2] Sangtyani R., Kumar A., Kumar A., Gupta M., Optimization of Network Forming Agents for Different Types of Composite Propellant Grain, Cent. Eur. J. Energ. Mater., 2013, 10(3), 409-417.
  • [3] Wallace II, I.A., Ambient Temperature Mix, Cast and Cure Composite Propellant Formulation, US Patent 5 472 532, 1995.
  • [4] Hori K., Iwama A., Fukuda T., FTIR Spectroscopic Study on the Interaction between Ammonium Perchlorate and Bonding Agents, Propellants Explos. Pyrotech., 1990, 15(3), 99-102.
  • [5] Nema S.K., Nair P.R., Francis A.U., Gowariker V.R., The Effects of Oxidizer Bonding Agents on the Low Temperature Properties of HTPB Propellants, AIAA 13th Propulsion Conference, Orlando, USA, 1977, 77, 932.
  • [6] Wei H., Shenhui L., Shengliang X., Gen T., Hongxu L., Investigation on the Interaction between Bonding Agent MAPO and Oxidizer AP, 39th Int. Annu. Conf. ICT, Karlsruhe, Germany, 2008, 74.1-74.7.
  • [7] Pinto S.V.B.D., Rezende L., Kawamoto A., Magalhaes J., Domingues L., Vestali I., Cruz S., Leal S., Formulation Tailoring of AP/HTPB Composite Propellants Containing a Polyamine-type Bonding Agent, 39th Int. Annu. Conf. ICT, Karlsruhe, Germany, 2008, 79.1-79.12.
  • [8] Consaga P.J., Dimethyl Hydantoin Bonding Agents in Solid Propellants, US Patent 4 214 928, 1980.
  • [9] Šijački Lj., Influence of 1,3,5-Trihydroxyl Isocyanurate as Universal Bonding Agent on Mechanical Characteristics of Composite Propellants (in Serbian), Master’s Thesis, University of Belgrade, Faculty of Technology and Metallurgy, Belgrade, Serbia, 2007.
  • [10] Petrić M., Bonding Agents for Composite Propellants (in Serbian), Vojnotehnički Glasnik, 2003, 1, 51-62.
  • [11] Consaga P.J., Bonding Agent for Composite Propellant, US Patent 4 944 815, 1990.
  • [12] Petković J., Wali A., Mijin D., Ušćumlić G., The Influence of Bonding Agents in Improving Interactions in Composite Propellants, Determined Using the FTIR Spectra, Sci.-Tech. Rev., 2009, 59, 12-16.
  • [13] Ušćumlić G., Zreigh M., Mijin D., Investigation of the Interfacial Bonding in Composite Propellants. 1,3,5-Trisubstituted Isocyanurates as Universal Bonding Agents, J. Serb. Chem. Soc., 2006, 71, 445-458.
  • [14] Dostanić J., Husović T.V., Ušćumlić G., Heinemann R.J., Mijin D., The Influence of Bonding Agents in Improving Interactions in Composite Propellants Determined Using Image Analysis, J. Microsc. (Oxford, U.K.), 2008, 232, 530-533.
  • [15] Yazici R., Kalyon D.M., Quantitative Characterization of Degree of Mixedness of LOVA Grains, J. Energ. Mater., 1996, 14(1), 57-73.
  • [16] Kalyon D.M., Dalwadi D., Erol M., Birinci E., Tsenoglu C., Rheological Behavior of Concentrated Suspensions as Affected by the Dynamics of the Mixing Process, Rheol. Acta, 2005, 45, 641-658.
  • [17] Price H., Triglycidyl Isocyanurate Preparation, US Patent 3 910 908, 1975.
  • [18] Poret D., N,N’-Diglycidyl Hydantoins, US Patent 3 547 918, 1970.
  • [19] STANAG 4581 − Explosives, Assesment of Ageing Characteristics of Composite Propellants Containing an Inert Binder.
  • [20] Cunliffe A.V., Tod D., Sol Fraction Measurements. A Tool to Study Cross-linking and Ageing in Composite Propellants and PBXs, 37th Int. Annu. Conf. ICT, Karlsruhe, Germany, 2006, 38.1-38.12.
  • [21] Bohn M., Cerri S., Ageing Behaviour of Composite Rocket Propellant Formulations Investigated by DMA, SGA and GPC, 2010 Insensitive Munitions & Energetic Materials Technology Symposium − International Progress in Insensitive Munitions & Energetic Materials, Munich, Germany, 2010, 1-32.
  • [22] Charlesby A., Atomic Radiation and Polymers, Pergamon Press, Oxford, UK, 1960, pp. 1-570.
  • [23] de la Fuente J.L., Garcia M.F., Cerrada M.L., Viscoelastic Behavior in a Hydroxyl-Terminated Polybutadiene Gum and Its Highly Filled Composites: Effects of the Type of Filler on the Relaxation Processes, J. Appl. Polym. Sci., 2003, 88, 1705-1712.
  • [24] Ornaghi H.L., Bolner A.S., Fiorio R., Zattera A.J., Amico S.C., Mechanical and Dynamic Mechanical Analysis of Hybrid Composites Molded by Resin Transfer Molding, J. App. Polym. Sci., 2010, 118, 887-896.
  • [25] Wingborg N., Increasing the Tensile Strength of HTPB with Different Isocyanates and Chain Extenders, Polym. Test., 2002, 21, 283-287.
  • [26] Mussbach G., Bohn M., Impact of Ageing on the Loss Factor of Composite Rocket Propellants and Interpretation of Changes Considering Post-curing, New Trends Res. Energ. Mater., Proc. Semin., 16th, Pardubice, Czech Republic, 2013, 281-293.
  • [27] Blank J.W., He Z.A., Picci M., Catalysis of the Epoxy-carboxy Reaction, Proc. Int. Waterborne, High-Solids, Powder Coat. Symp., 28th, New Orleans, USA, 2003, 23.1-23.18.
  • [28] Cerri S., Bohn M., Menke K., Galfetti L., Ageing Behaviour of HTPB Based Rocket Propellant Formulations, Cent. Eur. J. Energ. Mater., 2009, 6(2), 149-165.
  • [29] Bhagawan S.S., Prabhakaran N., Rama Rao M., Ninan N.K., Viscoelastic Behaviour of Solid Propellants Based on Various Polymeric Binders, Def. Sci. J., 1995, 45(1), 17-23.
  • [30] Sućeska M., Matečić Mušanić S., Fiamengo I., Bakija S., Bakić A., Kodvanj J., Study of Mechanical Properties of Naturally Aged Double Base Rocket Propellants, Cent. Eur. J. Energ. Mater., 2010, 7(1), 47-60.
  • [31] Kalakkunnath S., Viscoelastic Relaxation Characteristics of Rubbery Polymer Networks and Engineering Polyesters, Doctoral Thesis, University of Kentucky, College of Engineering, Kentucky, USA, 2007.
  • [32] Oberth A.E., Bruener R.S., Polyurethane-based Propellants, in: Propellants Manufacture, Hazards and Testing, (Boyars C., Klager K., Eds.), American Chemical Society, Washington, D.C, 1969, pp. 84-121.
Typ dokumentu
Bibliografia
Identyfikator YADDA
bwmeta1.element.baztech-d0a10d90-3366-45d8-9386-f705d36fc97d
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