Test BMP w ocenie i modelowaniu produkcji biogazu z organicznych substratów: przegląd literaturowy

• Autorzy: Grosser A. , Neczaj E.

Warianty tytułu

EN

BMP test in the assessment and modeling of biogas production from organic substrates: review

• Języki publikacji: PL

Abstrakty

PL

Współczynnik produkcji biogazu jest jednym z najważniejszych parametrów oceny efektywności procesu fermentacji. Jednym z narzędzi pozwalających na jego oszacowanie, a tym samym określenie potencjału metanogennego badanych materiałów, są testy BMP (ang. biochemical methane potential). W literaturze znaleźć można szereg procedur przeprowadzania testów. Różnorodność schematów badawczych rodzi szereg pytań dotyczących czynników wpływających na ich wynik, powtarzalność, a w dalszej kolejności na możliwość porównywania rezultatów testów wykonywanych w różnych laboratoriach. W artykule szczegółowo przedstawiono główne grupy czynników wpływających na wynik testów BMP, omówiono między innymi wpływ inoculum, medium fermentacyjnego, rodzaju substratu, a także przedstawiono zakresy parametrów operacyjnych stosowanych w testach. Dodatkowo zaprezentowano procedury badawcze stosowane do oszacowania produkcji metanu dla bardzo zróżnicowanych odpadów.

EN

Methane yield is one of the most important parameters to assess the efficiency of the anaerobic digestion process. The biochemical methane potential (BMP) assay has been widely used to determine the methane yield of organic substrates. First test method was described by Owen et al. in 1979. Since then, a variety of test procedures for determination of biochemical methane potential have been reported. Lack of standard protocol for carrying out measuring biochemical methane potential of various substrates limits the ability to compare results between laboratories. Additionally, there are many factors that may influence the anaerobic biodegradability of organic materials and a consequence on methane yield. This article discusses the impact of the following factors: type of substrate, particle size of the substrate, inoculum, anaerobic medium, inoculum and experimental conditions such as gas measurement systems, pH and alkalinity, temperature, reactor capacity, stirring, duration of the test. Many factors must be taken into account in the case of inoculum. It should take into account such factors as: the source of the sludge used as inoculum and its state of acclimation and adaptation to a test, inoculum activity, inoculum to substrate ratio (I/S or ISR). ISR is one of the most important parameters in batch tests. Inoculum / substrate ratio of 1 (VS basis) is usually used in the assessment of the biochemical methane potential. Nevertheless, in the case of more recalcitrant wastes, the rate of methane production in biochemical methane potential assays was optimized by increasing the I/S ratio to 2 g VS/g VS. The BMP results compiled in this article showed that BMP assay are a relatively simple and reliable method to obtain the biochemical methane potential and rate of organic matter conversion to methane. The major disadvantage of BMP tests is their duration. In summary, the data presented in the review indicate that each of the presented procedures have limitations, and currently there is no method for routine assessment of methane potential different substrates. It seems that at present one of the key research areas in the field of this subject is to extend initially outlined in the work of Angelidaki et al. [6] some basic guidelines for scientists studying this parameter. Posted at end of article, table lists the details of the procedures used to determine the biochemical methane potential different organic substrates.

Słowa kluczowe

PL

testy okresowe; metan; potencjał metanogenny; BMP; fermentacja

EN

batch test; methane; biochemical methane potential; BMP; anaerobic digestion

• Wydawca: Wydawnictwo Politechniki Częstochowskiej
• Czasopismo: Inżynieria i Ochrona Środowiska
• Rocznik: 2014
• Tom: T. 17, nr 4
• Strony: 559--581
• Opis fizyczny: Bibliogr. 85 poz.

Twórcy

autor

Grosser A.

• Politechnika Częstochowska, Instytut Inżynierii Środowiska, ul. Brzeźnicka 60a, 42-200 Częstochowa

autor

Neczaj E.

• Politechnika Częstochowska, Instytut Inżynierii Środowiska, ul. Brzeźnicka 60a, 42-200 Częstochowa

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