The use of microorganisms in increasing the protein yield of cassava (Manihot esculenta Crantz) peel wastes

• Autorzy: Ogbonnaya N. , Anya F. O. , Eze I. C.
• Języki publikacji: EN

Abstrakty

EN

Growth and microbial protein production on hydrolyzed cassava peel waste by Trichoderma viride and Lactobacillus delbrueckii NRRL B-763 were investigated. Trichoderma viride was selected based on its high cellulase activity on filter paper (2.91 mg glucose/mL), cotton wool (3.08 mg glucose/mL) and carboxymethylcellulose (3.46 mg glucose/ mL) while Lactobacillus delbrueckii NRRL B-763 produced 5.84 mg protein/g in cassava peel after 72 h. Samples of cassava peel were hydrolyzed with the solutions of HCl, H2SO4 and NaOH at 0.5% concentration. The hydrolysate was neutralized to pH 6.5 and supplemented with KH2PO4 (5% w/v), urea (2.7% w/v) and (NH4)2SO4 (9% w/v). The hydrolysates produced by the solutions of HCl contained higher reducing sugar and soluble sugar content than H2SO4 and NaOH hydrolysates. The culture of Trichoderma viride was used in single culture fermentation of hydrolyzed cassava peels or in mixed culture fermentation with Lactobacillus delbrueckii NRRL B-763. Protein yield produced in 0.5% HCl hydrolysates was significantly (p ≤ 0.01) higher than that in H2SO4. The unhydrolyzed control samples produced the lowest protein. This study demonstrated the potential of cassava peel waste as a substrate for a recycling process and by- product recovery.

Słowa kluczowe

EN

Cassava peel; hydrolysis methods; protein enrichment

• Wydawca: West Pomeranian University of Technology. Publishing House
• Czasopismo: Polish Journal of Chemical Technology
• Rocznik: 2013
• Tom: Vol. 15, nr 2
• Strony: 112–115
• Opis fizyczny: Bibliogr. 26 poz., tab., wykr.

Twórcy

autor

Ogbonnaya N.

• University of Nigeria, Industrial Microbiology and Biotechnology Laboratory, Department of Microbiology, Nsukka, NIGERIA

autor

Anya F. O.

• University of Nigeria, Industrial Microbiology and Biotechnology Laboratory, Department of Microbiology, Nsukka, NIGERIA

autor

Eze I. C.

• University of Nigeria, Industrial Microbiology and Biotechnology Laboratory, Department of Microbiology, Nsukka, NIGERIA

Bibliografia

• 1. Tor- Agbidye, J., Palmer, V.S., Lasarev, M.R., Craig, M.A., Blythe, L.L. & Sabri, M.I. (1999). Bioactivation of cyanide to cyanate in sulfur amino-acid deficiency: relevance to neurological disease in humans subsisting on cassava. ToxicologicalScs. 50, 228-235. DOI: 10. 1093/toxsci/50.2.228.
• 2. Oyewole, O.B. & Odunfa, S.A. (1990). Characterization and distribution of lactic acid bacteria in cassava fermentation during fufu preparation. J. Appl. Microbiol. 68, 145-152. DOI: 10. 1111/j.1365-2672.1990.tb02559.x
• 3. Ubalua, A.O. (2007). Cassava wastes: treatment options and value addition alternatives. Afr J. Biotech.6 (18), 2065-2073.
• 4. Ekundayo, J.A. (1980). In: J.E. Smith, D.R. Berry, and B. Kristiasen (Eds.). Fungal Biotechnology (pp. 244-270). London: Academic Press.
• 5. Aro, S.O. (2008). Imoprovement in the nutritive quality of cassava and its by-products through microbial fermentation. African J. Biotech. 7 (25), 4789-4797. DOI: 10.5897/AJB08.1005.
• 6. Aiello, C., Ferrer, A. & Bedesma, A. (1996). Effect of alkaline pretreatment at various temperatures on cellulase and biomass production with Trichoderma reesei QM - 9414. Biores. Technol. 57, 13-16. DOI: 10. 1016/0960-8524(96)00012-0.
• 7. Zhang, X.Y., Xu, C.Y. & Wang, X.H.J. (2007). Pretreatment of bamboo residues with Coriolus versicolor for enzymatic hydrolysis. J. Biosci. Bioeng. 104, 149-151, PMID17884661.
• 8. Fan, L.T., Lee, Y. & Gharpuray, M.M. (1982). The nature of lignocellulosics and their pretreatments for enzymatic hydrolysis. Adv. Biochem. Eng. 23: 157-187. DOI: 10. 1007/3540116982_4.
• 9. Rodriguez-Vazguez, R. & Diazcervantes, D. (1994). Effect of chemical solutions sprayed on sugar cane bagasse pith to produce single cell protein - physical and chemical analysis of pith. Biores. Tech. 47: 159-164. DOI: 10. 1016/0960-8524(94)90115-5.
• 10. Garcia, M. (1999). Cassava root meal for poultry. J. Appl. Poultry Res. 8,132-137.
• 11. Omole, T.A. & Sonaiya, E.B. (1981). The effect of protein source and methionine supplementation of cassava peel meal utilization by growing rabbits. Nutr. Rep. International 23 (4), 729-737.
• 12. Okafor, N. & Ejiofor, A.N. (1985). The linamarase of Leuconostoc mesenteroides: production, isolation and some properties. J. Sci. Food Agric. 36, 669-678. DOI: 10. 1002/ jsfa.2740360807.
• 13. Miller, G.L. (1959). Use of dinitrosalicic acid reagent for determination of reducing sugar. Anal. Chem. 31, 426-428. DOI: 10. 1021/ac60147a030.
• 14. Pitt, J. & Hocking, A.D. (1997). Fungi and food spoilage. London: Blackie Academic and Professional.
• 15. Onions, A.H.S., Allsopp. D. & Eggins, H.O.W. (1981). Smith’s Introduction to Industrial Mycology (7th ed.) London: Edward Arnold.
• 16. Lowry, O.H., Rosebrough, N.J., Farr, A.L. & Randall, R.J. (1951). Protein measurement with folin- phenol reagent. J. Biochem. 193: 265-275.
• 17. Plummer, D.T. (1978). An Introduction to practical biochemistry (2nd ed.). London: McGraw- Hill Book Company.
• 18. Peitersen, N. (1975). Production of cellulases and protein from barley straw by Trichoderma viride. Biotechnol. Bioeng. 17, 361-374. DOI: 10. 1002/bit.260170306
• 19. Okafor, N. Umeh, C. & Ibenegbu, C. (1998). Amelioration of garri, a cassava-based fermented food by the inoculation of microorganisms secreting amylase, lysine and linamarase into cassava mash. World J. Microb. Biobech. 14, 835-838. DOI: 10. 1023/A: 1008897711947.
• 20. Shen, X. & Xia, L. (2006). Lactic acid Production from cellulosic waste by immobilized cells of Lactobacillus delbrueckii. World J. Microb. Biotech. 22: 1109-1114. DOI: 10. 1007/ s11274-006-9150-4.
• 21. John, R.P. Nampoothiri K.M. & Pandey, A. (2007). Production of L (+) lactic acid from cassava starch hydrolysate by immobilized Lactobacillus delbrueckii. J. Basic Microbiol. 47, 25-30. DOI: 10.1002/jobm.200610208.
• 22. Mandels, M. & Weber, J. (1969). The production of cellulases. Adv. Chem. 95, 391-414. DOI: 10.1021/ba-1969-0095.ch023.
• 23. Soccol., C.R, Marin, B., Raimbault, M. & Lebeault, J. M. (1994). Breeding and growth of Rhizopus in raw cassava by solid state fermentation. J. Appl. Microbiol. Biotechnol. 41, 330-336. DOI: 10.1007/BF00221228.
• 24. Rogers, D.J., Coleman, E. Spino, D.F. & Purcell, T.C. (1972). Production of fungal protein from cellulose and waste cellulosics. Environ. Sci. Terhnol. 6: 715-719. DOI: 10. 1021/ es60067a008.
• 25. Romanelli, R.A., Honston, C.W. & Barnett, S.M. (1975). Studies on thermophilic cellulolytic fungi. Applied Microbiology 30 (2): 276-281. PMCID: PMC187167.
• 26. Erickson, K.E. & Larson, K. (1975). Fermentation of waste mechanical figres from a news print mill by the rot fungus Sporotrichum pulverulentum. Biotech. Bioeng.17, 327-348. DOI: 10.1002/bit.260170304.