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Space Terrorism: A Historical Study

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EN
The rationale behind this article is to address a critical gap in research: the evolving threat of space terrorism. As space assets increasingly become integral components of both civilian and military security systems, their vulnerability to attacks escalates. The democratization of space weaponry, including advanced cyber technologies, signals an escalating risk to these space assets and their terrestrial infrastructure. This threat extends beyond traditional space powers to include non-state actors, such as terrorist individuals and groups or various proxy forces, who were previously considered marginal threats. This paper aims to lay a foundational framework by providing a historical overview of terrorism and security incidents involving outer space assets, their cyber systems, and ground support structures. This compilation serves as a basis for a deeper, methodological, and systematic examination of the nature and implications of space terrorism. In order to define the initial concept of space terrorism, this paper draws on an extensive literature review. The selection of security breach cases within the broad spectrum of the space sector was guided by their novelty, diversity, and relevance, offering insights into the emerging phenomenon of space terrorism.
Czasopismo
Rocznik
Tom
2
Strony
80--88
Opis fizyczny
Bibliogr. 47 poz.
Bibliografia
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  • 16. Epstein, K., & Elgin, B. (2008). Network Security Breaches Plague NASA. Business Week. www.businessweek.com/print/magazine/content/08_48/b4110072404167
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  • 20. Freedberg, S. J., Jr. (2015, December 2). US Jammed Own Satellites 261 Times; What If Enemy Did? Breaking Defense. https://breakingdefense.com/2015/12/us-jammed-own-satellites-261-times-in-2015-what-if-an-enemy-tried/
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  • 29. Laqueur, W. (2003). No End to War: Terrorism in the Twenty-first Century. Continuum.
  • 30. Leyden, J. (2014, July 15). Hamas hacks Israeli TV sat channel to broadcast pics of Gaza wounded. The Register. https://www.theregister.com/2014/07/15/hamas_hack_israeli_sat_tv/
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  • 32. Manulis, M., Bridges, C. P., Harrison, R., Sekar, V., & Davis, A. (2021). Cyber security in New Space: Analysis of threats, key enabling technologies and challenges. International Journal of Information Security, 20, 287–311. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10207-020-00503-w
  • 33. McCoy, J. J. (2007, April 27). Intelsat Shuts Down Transponder Hijacked By Terrorists. Satellite Today (Via Satellite). https://www.satellitetoday.com/uncategorized/2007/04/26/intelsat-shuts-down-transponder-hijacked-by-terrorists/
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  • 42. Schlom, D. (2001). Target America 1972: When Terrorists Threatened Apollo – An Untold Story of Apollo 17. Ad Astra, (November/December 2001), 20–24.
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  • 44. Stout, D. (1998, April 22). Pentagon Acknowledges Hacker Intrusion Into a Computer System. The New York Times.
  • 45. Swinhoe, D. (2023, June 30). Russian satellite comms firm Dozer taken offline by Wagner-affiliated hacker group – report. Data Center Dynamics. https://www.datacenterdynamics.com/en/news/russian-satellite-comms-firm-dozer-taken-offline-by-wagner-affiliated-hacker-group-report/
  • 46. Telegraph. (1999, March 4). British hackers attack MoD satellite. The Telegraph. https://web.archive.org/web/20070510032306/http://www.telegraph.co.uk/connected/main.jhtml?xml=/connected/1999/03/04/ecnhack04.xml
  • 47. Yale Daily News. (1998, April 23). Hackers break into Pentagon system. The Yale Daily News.
Uwagi
Opracowanie rekordu ze środków MNiSW, umowa nr SONP/SP/546092/2022 w ramach programu "Społeczna odpowiedzialność nauki" - moduł: Popularyzacja nauki i promocja sportu (2024).
Typ dokumentu
Bibliografia
Identyfikator YADDA
bwmeta1.element.baztech-cf9f3c75-1258-4767-88b5-e31f610ab8a5
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