Sustainable development policy in the field of renewable energy sources – the European perspective

• Autorzy: Lorek Agnieszka

Identyfikatory

DOI

10.34659/2019/2/20

• Języki publikacji: EN

Abstrakty

EN

The aim of the article is to review EU policy towards renewable energy sources (RES) and their assessment, taking into account the principles of sustainable development. The presented development is of a theoretical nature. Therefore, the basic research method is the analysis of available sources, such as statistical data, EU legal acquis and reports. Many aspects are touched upon in implementing the principles of sustainable development in energy policy. For this reason, the following have been selected for analysis: the share of RES in the overall energy balance, the energy mix of renewable energy sources and the use of soft instruments supporting RES. As a result of the analysis, it has been found that despite undoubted progress regarding the increase in share of RES in the energy balance, many problems remained unresolved. These include the sustainable use of biomass (especially wood resources) and insufficient use (despite the progress made in this area) of soft instruments.

Słowa kluczowe

EN

renewable energy sources; sustainable development; bioenergy; European Union policy

PL

odnawialne źródła energii; rozwój zrównoważony; bioenergia; polityka Unii Europejskiej

• Wydawca: Fundacja Ekonomistów Środowiska i Zasobów Naturalnych
• Czasopismo: Ekonomia i Środowisko
• Rocznik: 2019
• Tom: nr 2
• Strony: 42--57
• Opis fizyczny: Bibliogr. 76 poz., tab., wykr.

Twórcy

autor

Lorek Agnieszka

• University of Economics in Katowice 1 Maja Street 50, 40-287, Katowice

Bibliografia

• Ambiens (2014), Konflikty społeczne w energetyce wiatrowej, http://www.ambiens. pl/pliki/raport-konflikty-spoleczne-w-energetyce-wiatrowej-2014.pdf [12-02-2015]
• Binner A. et al. (2017), Valuing the social and environmental contribution of woodlands and trees in England, Scotland and Wales, Forestry Commission Research Report, Forestry Commission, Edinburgh
• Bösch M. et al. (2018), Forest ecosystem services in rural areas of Germany: Insights from the national TEEB study, “Ecosystem Services” Vol. 31, p. 77-83
• Costanza J.K. et al. (2015), Linking state‐and‐transition simulation and timber supply models for forest biomass production scenarios, AIMS Environmental Science, Vol. 2, p. 180-202
• Costanza J.K. et al. (2017), Bioenergy production and forest landscape change in the south-eastern United States, “GCB Bioenergy” Vol. 9, p. 924-939, https://doi.org/10.1111/gcbb.12386
• dena (German Energy Agency) and UNECE (2017), Status and perspectives for renewable energy development in the UNECE region, http://www.unece.org [05-05-2019]
• Devine-Wright P. (2009), Rethinking NIMBYism: The role of place attachment and place identity in explaining place-protective action, “Journal of Community & Applied Social Psychology” Vol. 19(6), p. 426-441
• EEA (2016), Renewable energy in Europe 2016. Recent growth and knock-on effects, Report No. 4, Luxembourg
• European Commission (2011), Energy Roadmap 2050, Communication from the Commission to the European Parliament, the Council, the European Economic and Social Committee and the Committee of the Regions, COM/2011/0885 final
• European Commission (2008), Study on the Development and Marketing of Non-Market Forest Products and Services, DG AGRI, Study Contract No: 30-CE-0162979/00-21, Study report
• European Union and IRENA (2018), Renewable Energy Prospects for the European Union, https://www.irena.org/ [05-05-2019]
• European Commission (2018), Renewable energy directive, https://ec.europa.eu/energy/en/topics/renewable-energy/renewable-energy-directive [23-05-2018]
• Eurostat, http://ec.europa.eu/eurostat [10-04-2018]
• Evans J.M. et al. (2013), Forestry Bioenergy in the Southeast United States: Implications for Wildlife Habitat and Biodiversity, National Wildlife Federation, Merrifield, VA
• Figueroa E., Pasten, R. (2015), The economic value of forests in supplying local climate regulation, “Australian Journal of Agricultural and Resource Economics” Vol. 59, p. 446-457
• Firbank L. (2008), Assessing the ecological impacts of bioenergy projects, “BioEnergy Research” Vol. 1(1), p. 12-19
• Getzner M., Meyerhoff J., Schläpfer F. (2018), Willingness to Pay for Nature Conservation Policies in State-Owned Forests: An Austrian Case Study, “Forests” Vol. 9, 537, doi:10.3390/f9090537
• GNESD (2007), Renewable Energy Technologies and Poverty Alleviation: Overcoming Barriers and Unlocking Potentials, Global Network on Energy for Sustainable Development (GNESD), Roskilde, Denmark
• Gomez M.G., Olschewski R. (2008), Valuation of forest land uses in the coastal region of Spain and Portugal, “Allgemeine Forst und Jagdzeitung” Vol. 179, p. 219-225
• GUS (2016), Energia ze źródeł odnawialnych w 2015 r., Warszawa
• Haefele M., Kramer R., Holmes T. (1992), Estimating the total economic value of forest quality in high – elevation spruce-fir forests, in: C. Payne, J. Bowker, P. Reed (eds.), Economic Value of Wilderness, USDA Forest Service, Athens, Georgia, p. 91-96
• IEA (International Energy Agency), https://www.iea.org/ [15-04-2018]
• IRENA (2019), A New World. The Geopolitics of the Energy Transformation, https://www.irena.org/ [05-05-2019]
• Jellesmark Thorsen B. et al. (2014), The provision of forest ecosystem services: Quantifying and valuing non-marketed ecosystem services, What Science Can Tell Us 5, Vol. 1, European Forest Institute
• Jobert A., Laborgne P., Mimler S. (2007), Local acceptance of wind energy: Factors of success identified in French and German case studies, “Energy Policy” Vol. 35(5), p. 2751-2760
• Krieger D.J. (2001), The economic value of forest ecosystem services: a review, The Wilderness Society, Washington D.C.
• Lindemann-Matthies P. et al. (2014), Attitudes toward forest diversity and forest ecosystem services – a cross-cultural comparison between China and Switzerland, “Journal of Plant Ecology” No. 7(1), p. 1-9
• Lorek A. (2016), Ocena relacji społecznych i środowiskowych między administracją samorządową a społecznością lokalną w wybranych województwach, „OPTIMUM Studia Ekonomiczne” No. 6(84), p. 111-122
• Meyer M.A., Schulz C. (2017), Do ecosystem services provide an added value compared to existing forest planning approaches in Central Europe?, “Ecology and Society” Vol. 22(3), 6, https://doi.org/10.5751/ES-09372-220306
• Millennium Ecosystem Assessment (2005), Ecosystems and human well‐being: synthesis, Island Press, Washington D.C.
• OECD/IEA (2017), Energy Policies of IEA Countries. France 2016 Review, International Energy Agency
• Olesen A.S. et al. (2016), Environmental Implications of Increased Reliance of the EU on Biomass from the South East US, European Commission, Vol. 360, Brussels, Belgium
• Pearce D.W. (2001), The economic value of forest ecosystems, “Ecosystem Health” Vol. 7, No. 4, p. 284-296
• Renewable Energy Directive, Directive 2009/28/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council of 23 April 2009 on the promotion of the use of energy from renewable sources and amending and subsequently repealing Directive 2001/77/EC and 2003/30/EC as amended by Directive 2013/18
• Reports on progress in the promotion and use of energy from renewable resources from member countries to European Commission for 2015: Third Progress Report on the Promotion and Use of Energy from Renewable Sources for the United Kingdom, Article 22 of the Renewable Energy Directive, https://ec.europa.eu/energy/en/topics/renewable-energy/progress-reports [08-01-2018]
• 3rd Progress Report under Article 22 of directive 2009/28/ec. Two-year period: 2013- 2014, Republic of Cyprus, Ministry of Energy, Commerce, Industry and Tourism, https://ec.europa.eu/energy/en/topics/renewable-energy/progress-reports [08-01-2018]
• Third Progress Report on the Promotion and Use of Energy from Renewable Sources in Greece. Submitted under Article 22 of Directive 2009/28/EC, Ministry of Environment and Energy, 2016, https://ec.europa.eu/energy/en/topics/renewable-energy/progress-reports [08-01-2018]
• Progress Report from the Republic of Estonia to the European Commission on the Promotion and Use of Energy from Renewable Sources, Ministry of Economic Affairs and Communications, 2016, https://ec.europa.eu/energy/en/topics/renewable-energy/progress-reports [08-01-2018]
• Third Progress Report (2013-2014) Submitted pursuant to Article 22 of Directive 2009/28/EC National Renewable Energy Action Plan (NREAP), Directorate-General for Energy and Geology, Portugal, https://ec.europa.eu/energy/en/topics/renewable-energy/progress-reports [08-01-2018]
• Progress report Energy from renewable sources in the Netherlands 2013–2014 Directive 2009/28/EC commissioned by the Dutch Ministry of Economic Affairs, Dutch Ministry of Economic Affairs, 22/01/2016, https://ec.europa.eu/energy/en/topics/renewable-energy/progress-reports [08-01-2018]
• Progress Report of the Republic of Lithuania on the promotion and use of renewable energy sources, 2015, https://ec.europa.eu/energy/en/topics/renewable-energy/progress-reports [08-01-2018]
• Danish report under Directive 2009/28/EC concerning progress in the use and promotion of energy from renewable sources, December 2015, https://ec.europa.eu/energy/en/topics/renewable-energy/progress-reports [08-01-2018]
• Progress report under Article 22 of Directive 2009/28/EC on the promotion of the use of energy from renewable sources, Federal Republic of Germany, https://ec.europa.eu/energy/en/topics/renewable-energy/progress-reports [08-01-2018]
• Report on progress in the promotion and use of energy from renewable sources in the Czech Republic under Art 22 of the European Parliament and Council Directive 2009/28/EC, on support for the use of energy from renewable sources (2013 and 2014), https://ec.europa.eu/energy/en/topics/renewable-energy/progress-reports [08-01-2018]
• Report on the use of renewable energy sources in Hungary in 2013 and 2014 (Reporting by the Member States pursuant to Articles 18 and 22 of Directive 2009/28/EC), Ministry of National Development, Budapest May 2016, https://ec.europa.eu/energy/en/topics/renewable-energy/progress-reports [08-01-2018]
• Third Progress Report Submitted under Article 22 of Directive 2009/28/EC December 2015, National Renewable Energy Action Plan (NREAP) Ireland, https://ec.europa.eu/energy/en/topics/renewable-energy/progress-reports [08-01-2018]
• Information Report “The Third Regular Report of the Republic of Latvia pursuant to Article 22 of Directive 2009/28/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council of 23 April 2009 on the promotion of the use of energy from renewable sources and amending and subsequently repealing Directives 2001/77/EC and 2003/30/EC”, https://ec.europa.eu/energy/en/topics/renewable-energy/progress-reports [08-01-2018]
• National Renewable Energy Action Plan. Austrian Progress Report 2015 within the scope of Directive 2009/28/EC, Federal Ministry of Science, Research and the Economy, Federal Ministry of Agriculture, Forestry, the Environment and Water Management, Austria 11/01/2016, https://ec.europa.eu/energy/en/topics/renewable-energy/progress-reports [08-01-2018]
• The progress report of Romania with regard to promoting and using energy from renewable sources, in accordance with article 22 of directive 2009/28/EC, 05/01/2016, https://ec.europa.eu/energy/en/topics/renewable-energy/progress-reports [08-01-2018]
• Progress report on the promotion and use of energy from renewable sources. Third report Pursuant to Article 22 of Directive 2009/28/EC, Ministry of Ecology, Sustainable Development and Energy, France, December 2015, https://ec.europa.eu/energy/en/topics/renewable-energy/progress-reports [08-01-2018]
• Report on progress in the promotion and use of renewable energy pursuant to article 22 of directive 2009/28/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council of 23 April 2009 on the promotion of the use of energy from renewable sources and amending and subsequently repealing directives. 2001/77/EC and 2003/30/EC (Text with EEA relevance), Republic of Croatia Ministry of the Economy, Zagreb, April 2016, https://ec.europa.eu/energy/en/topics/renewable-energy/progress-reports [08-01-2018]
• Finland’s third progress report under article 22 of Directive 2009/28/EC, 5 February 2016, TEM/280/08.10.02/2016, 12 February 2016, https://ec.europa.eu/energy/en/topics/renewable-energy/progress-reports [08-01-2018]
• Third Progress Report under Article 22 of Directive 2009/28/EC on the promotion of the use of energy from renewable sources, Grand Duchy of Luxembourg, https://ec.europa.eu/energy/en/topics/renewable-energy/progress-reports [08-01-2018]
• Progress Report for Slovenia under Directive 2009/28/EC, Republic of Slovenia, Ministry of Infrastructure, Energy Directorate Ljubljana, 29 December 2015, https://ec.europa.eu/energy/en/topics/renewable-energy/progress-reports [08-01-2018]
• Italy’s Third Progress Report under Directive 2009/28/EC, December 2015, https://ec.europa.eu/energy/en/topics/renewable-energy/progress-reports [08-01-2018]
• Sweden’s third progress report on the development of renewable energy pursuant to Article 22 of Directive 2009/28/EC, 22 December 2015, https://ec.europa.eu/energy/en/topics/renewable-energy/progress-reports [08-01-2018]
• Third National Report on Bulgaria’s Progress in the Promotion and Use of Energy from Renewable Sources. Drafted in accordance with Article 22(1) of Directive 2009/28/ EC on the promotion of the use of energy from renewable sources and in accordance with the Template for Member State progress reports under Directive 2009/28/EC, Ministry of Energy, Republic of Bulgaria 2015, https://ec.europa.eu/energy/en/topics/renewable-energy/progress-reports [08-01-2018]
• Interim Report on progress in the promotion and use of energy from renewable sources in Poland in 2013-2014 (drawn up pursuant to Article 127(2) of the Act on renewable energy sources), Ministry of Energy, Warsaw, 2016, https://ec.europa.eu/energy/en/topics/renewable-energy/progress-reports [08-01-2018]
• Report on progress in the promotion and use of energy from renewable sources as established in article 22 of the Directive. 2009/28/EC, Spain (2013 and 2014), https://ec.europa.eu/energy/en/topics/renewable-energy/progress-reports [08-01-2018]
• Progress report under article 22 of Directive 2009/28/EC on the promotion of the use of energy from renewable sources, Ministry for Energy and Health, Malta, December 2015, https://ec.europa.eu/energy/en/topics/renewable-energy/progressreports [08-01-2018]
• Progress Report Belgium 2013-2014, National compilation 17/12/2015 Report drawn up pursuant to Article 22 of Directive 2009/28/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council of 23 April 2009 on the promotion of the use of energy from renewable sources and amending and subsequently repealing Directives 2001/77/EC and 2003/30/EC and Article 3(3) of Directive 2001/77 of the European Parliament and of the Council of 27 September 2001 on the promotion of electricity produced from renewable energy sources in the internal electricity market, National/Regional Energy Consultation Group (Energie-overleggroep Staat-Gewesten – CONCEREENOVER) 2015, https://ec.europa.eu/energy/en/topics/renewable-energy/progress-reports [08-01-2018]
• Report on progress in the promotion and use of energy from renewable sources (in accordance with Article 22 of Directive 2009/28/EC), Ministry of the Economy Slovak Republic, Bratislava 2015, https://ec.europa.eu/energy/en/topics/renewable-energy/progress-reports [08-01-2018]
• Richter B.D. et al. (2010), Lost in development’s shadow: The downstream human consequences of dams, “Water Alternatives” Vol. 3(2), p. 14-42
• Sathaye J. et al. (2011), Renewable Energy in the Context of Sustainable Development, in: O. Edenhofer et al. (eds.), IPCC Special Report on Renewable Energy Sources and Climate Change Mitigation, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, United Kingdom and New York
• Secretariat of the Convention on Biological Diversity (2010), Global Biodiversity Outlook 3, Montreal
• Slee B. (2005), Socio-economic values of natural forests, “Forest Snow and Landscape Research” Vol. 79(1), p. 157-167
• Sovacool B.K. (2009), The cultural barriers to renewable energy and energy efficiency in the United States, “Technology in Society” Vol. 31(4), p. 365-373
• Tarr N.M., Rubino M.J., Costanza J.K. (2016), Projected gains and losses of wildlife habitat from bioenergy‐induced landscape change, “GCB Bioenergy” Vol. 9, p. 1-15
• Torkar G., Verlič A., Vilhar U. (2014), Importance of Forest Ecosystem Services to Secondary School Students:a Case from the North-West Slovenia, South-East Eur For 5 (1): (early view), DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.15177
• UNECE (2015), Renewable Energy. A Crucial Role in the Future Energy Mix, United Nations, Geneva, http://www.unece.org [05-05-2019]
• Upreti B.R. (2004), Conflict over biomass energy development in the United Kingdom: some observations and lessons from England and Wales, “Energy Policy” Vol. 32(6), p. 785-800
• West J., Bailey I., Winter M. (2010), Renewable energy policy and public perceptions of renewable energy: A cultural theory approach, “Energy Policy” Vol. 38(10), p. 5739-5748
• Wolsink, M. (2010), Near-shore wind power – Protected seascapes, environmentalists’ attitudes, and the technocratic planning perspective, “Land Use Policy” Vol. 27(2), p. 195-203
• World Commission on Dams (2000), Dams and Development – A New Framework for Decision-Making, Earthscan Publications Ltd, London, UK and Sterling
• Wüstenhagen R., Wolsink M., Bürer M. (2007), Social acceptance of renewable energy innovation: An introduction to the concept, “Energy Policy” Vol. 35(5), p. 2683-2691
• WWF, Global Footprint Network (2012), Living Planet Report 2012: Biodiversity, biocapacity and better choices, Gland, Switzerland

Uwagi

Opracowanie rekordu ze środków MNiSW, umowa Nr 461252 w ramach programu "Społeczna odpowiedzialność nauki" - moduł: Popularyzacja nauki i promocja sportu (2020).