Economic resilience to natural hazards and its measurement

• Autorzy: Szyja Paulina

Identyfikatory

DOI

10.34659/eis.2025.93.2.1041

Warianty tytułu

PL

Odporność ekonomiczna na zagrożenia naturalne i jej pomiar

• Języki publikacji: EN

Abstrakty

EN

Natural hazards affect both developing and developed countries and cause negative effects. The extent to which societies are affected depends on many factors. For this reason, the issues of both vulnerability and resilience to natural hazards are increasingly and widely addressed in the literature. Of these, work on the economic impact of natural hazards is particularly noteworthy. There is also some work on economic resilience to natural hazards. The aim of this paper is to present the issue of economic resilience to natural hazards, including the scope of the term and its relationship to disaster resilience. For the purpose of this study, a literature review was carried out. The originality of the study lies in the adoption of the author's definition of economic resilience to natural disasters, the development of an appropriate model and the attempt to construct a measurement tool. According to the author, shaping economic resilience is dependent on the risk and vulnerability of natural hazards. The issue of economic resilience to natural hazards should be considered through the lens of three phases: preparation for natural hazards, adaptation to changing circumstances, recovery and capacity building to respond to potential future disasters. Measuring economic resilience to natural disasters based on the three phases requires further work related to inter alia verifying the availability of data based on the selected study group. The model that has been created can help countries that are often exposed to natural hazards to build up their economic resilience to these hazards.

PL

Zagrożenia naturalne dotykają zarówno kraje rozwijające się, jak i rozwinięte, powodując negatywne skutki. Stopień, w jakim dotknięte są nimi społeczeństwa, zależy od wielu czynników. Z tego powodu kwestie zarówno podatności, jak i odporności na zagrożenia naturalne są coraz częściej i szerzej poruszane w literaturze. Na szczególną uwagę zasługują prace dotyczące wpływu zagrożeń naturalnych na gospodarkę. Istnieją również prace dotyczące odporności ekonomicznej na zagrożenia naturalne. Celem niniejszego artykułu jest przedstawienie kwestii odporności ekonomicznej na zagrożenia naturalne, w tym zakresu tego terminu i jego związku z odpornością na klęski żywiołowe. Na potrzeby niniejszego opracowania przeprowadzono przegląd literatury. Oryginalność opracowania polega na przyjęciu autorskiej definicji odporności ekonomicznej na klęski żywiołowe, opracowaniu odpowiedniego modelu oraz próbie skonstruowania narzędzia pomiaru. Według autorki, kształtowanie odporności gospodarczej zależy od ryzyka i podatności na zagrożenia naturalne. Kwestia odporności gospodarczej na zagrożenia naturalne powinna być rozpatrywana przez pryzmat trzech faz: przygotowania na zagrożenia naturalne; adaptacji do zmieniających się okoliczności; odbudowy po zdarzeniu i budowania zdolności do reagowania na potencjalne przyszłe katastrofy. Pomiar odporności gospodarczej na klęski żywiołowe w oparciu o te trzy fazy wymaga dalszych prac związanych m.in. z weryfikacją dostępności danych w oparciu o wybraną grupę badawczą. Stworzony model może pomóc krajom, które są często narażone na zagrożenia naturalne, w budowaniu ich odporności gospodarczej na te zagrożenia.

Słowa kluczowe

EN

economic resilience; natural hazard; resilience

PL

odporność ekonomiczna; zagrożenia naturalne; odporność

• Wydawca: Polskie Stowarzyszenie Ekonomistów Środowiska i Zasobów Naturalnych
• Czasopismo: Economics and Environment
• Rocznik: 2025
• Tom: No. 2
• Strony: art. no. 1041
• Opis fizyczny: Bibliogr. 69 poz., rys., tab.

Twórcy

autor

Szyja Paulina

• University of the National Education Commission, Krakow, Podchorążych Street 2, 30-084 Kraków, Poland

• https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9672-1341

Bibliografia

• Act from 18 April 2002. Act on state of natural distaster. Journal of Laws No. 62, item 558. http://isap.sejm.gov.pl/isap.nsf/DocDetails.xsp?id=WDU20020620558 (in Polish).
• Adger, W. N., Hughes, T. P., Folke, C., Carpenter, S. R., & Rockström, J. (2005). Social-Ecological Resilience to a Coastal Disasters. Science, 309, 1036-1039. https://doi.org/10.1126/science.1112122
• Appau, P. K., Asibey, M. O., & Grant, R. (2024). Enabling asset-based community development solutions: Pro-poor urban climate resilience in Kumasi, Ghana. Cities, 145, 104723. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cities.2023.104723
• ARUP. (2019). City Resilience Index. Understanding and measuring city resilience. https://www.arup.com/insights/city-resilience-index/
• Benitez-Alfonso, Y., Soanes, B. K., Zimba, S., Sinanaj, B., German, L., Sharma, V., Bohra, A., Kolesnikova, A., Dunn, J. A., Martin, A. C., Rahman, M. K. u., Saati-Santamaría, Z., García-Fraile, P., Ferreira, E. A., Frazão, L. A., Cowling, W. A., Siddique, K. H. M., Pandey, M. K., Farooq, M., Varshney, R. K., Chapman, M. A., Boesch, C., Daszkowska-Golec, A., & Foyer, C. H. (2023). Enhancing climate change resilience in agricultural crops. Cell Press. Current Biology, 33(23), R1246-R1261. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cub.2023.10.028
• Błąd, M. (2022). Rural resilience jako nowa koncepcja rozwoju wsi. Kwartalnik Wieś i Rolnictwo, 1(194), 7-39. https://doi.org/10.53098/wir012022/01 (in Polish).
• Boczkowska, M. (2019). Pojęcie resilience w ujęciu tradycyjnym i współczesnym. Lubelski Rocznik Pedagogiczny, 38(4), 125-141. https://doi.org/10.17951/lrp.2019.38.4.125-141 (in Polish).
• Botzen, W.J.W., Deschenes, O., & Sanders, M. (2019). The Economic Impacts of Natural Disasters: A Review of Models and Empirical Studies. Review of Environmental Economics and Policy, 13(2), 167-188. https://doi.org/10.1093/reep/rez004
• Briguglio, L., Cordina, G., Farrugia, N., & Vella, S. (2009). Economic Vulnerability and Resilience: Concepts and Measurements. Oxford Development Studies, 37(3), 229-247. https://doi.org/10.1080/13600810903089893
• C2ES. (2019). What is climate resilience and why does it matter? https://www.c2es.org/wp-content/uploads/2019/04/what-is-climate-resilience.pdf
• C2ES. (n.d.). Climate Resilience Portal. https://www.c2es.org/content/climate-resilience-overview/
• Cardiff University. (n.d.). Building local and regional economic resilience. https://sites.cardiff.ac.uk/building-resilient-economies/what-is-economic-resilience/
• Cariolet, J.-M., Vuillet, M., & Diab, Y. (2019). Mapping urban resilience to disasters – A review. Sustainable Cities and Society, 51, 101746. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scs.2019.101746
• Chirisa, N., & Nel, V. (2020). Resilience and climate change in rural areas: a review of infrastructure policies across global regions. Sustainable and Resilient Infrastructure, 7(5), 380-390. https://doi.org/10.1080/23789689.2020.1871538
• Choularton, R., Frankenberger, T., Kurtz, J., & Nelson, S. (2015). Measuring Shocks and Stressors as Part of Resilience Measurement. https://www.fsinplatform.org/sites/default/files/paragraphs/documents/FSIN_TechnicalSeries_5.pdf
• CSIRO. (2020). Climate and Disaster Resilience. https://www.csiro.au/en/research/disasters/bushfires/report-climate-disaster-resilience
• de Graaf-van Dinther, R., & Ovink, H. (2021). The Five Pillars of Climate Resilience. In R. de Graaf-van Dinther (Ed.), Climate Resilient Urban Areas. Palgrave Studies in Climate Resilient Societies (pp. 1-19). Cham: Palgrave Macmillan. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-57537-3_1
• DFID. (2011). Defining Disaster Resilience: A DFID Approach Paper. https://assets.publishing.service.gov.uk/media/5a7b47a340f0b66a2fc065c1/defining-disaster-resilience-approach-paper.pdf
• Drobniak, A. (2012). The urban resilience – economic perspective. Journal of Economics and Management, 10, 6-20. https://www.researchgate.net/publication/330325443_THE_URBAN_RESILIENCE_-_ECONOMIC_PERSPECTIVE
• EC. (2019). European Disaster Risk Management. https://civil-protection-humanitarian-aid.ec.europa.eu/what/civil-protection/european-disaster-risk-management_en
• EEA. (n.d.). Natural disaster. https://www.eea.europa.eu/help/glossary/eea-glossary/natural-disaster
• EM-DAT. (n.d.). https://www.emdat.be/
• EU & WBG. (2021). Economics for Disaster Prevention and Preparedness. Financial Risk and Opportunities to Build Resilience in Europe. https://documents.worldbank.org/pt/publication/documents-reports/documentdetail/231121622437102944/economics-for-disaster-prevention-and-preparedness-financial-risk-and-opportunities-to-build-resilience-in-europe
• FAO. (n.d. a). Resilience Index Measurement and Analysis (RIMA). https://www.fao.org/agrifood-economics/areas-of-work/rima/en/
• FAO. (n.d. b). SDG Indicators Data Portal. https://www.fao.org/sustainable-development-goals-data-portal/data/indicators/152-disaster-economic-loss/en
• FAO. (n.d.). Disaster economic loss (Indicator 15.2). https://www.fao.org/sustainable-development-goals-data-portal/data/indicators/152-disaster-economic-loss/en
• Flemming, J., & Ledogar, R. J. (2008). Resilience, an Evolving Concept: A Review of Literature Relevant to Aboriginal Research. Pimatisiwin, 6(2), 7-23. https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC2956753/
• Folke, C. (2016). Resilience (Republished). Ecology and Society, 21(4), 44. https://doi.org/10.5751/ES-09088-210444
• Giacometti, A., Teräs, J., & Aalto, H. (2019). Social and economic resilience in the Bothnian Arc Cross-Border Region. https://norden.diva-portal.org/smash/record.jsf?pid=diva2%3A1344958&dswid=-4589
• GIDRM. (n.d.). What is disaster risk management (DRM)? https://www.gidrm.net/en/gidrm/what-is-drm
• Global Climate Action & Marrakesh Partnership. (n.d.). Climate Action Pathway: Climate Resilience – Executive summary. https://unfccc.int/sites/default/files/resource/ExecSumm_Resilience_0.pdf
• Hallegatte, S. (2014). Economic resilience: Definition and measurement. https://documents1.worldbank.org/curated/en/350411468149663792/pdf/WPS6852.pdf
• Hamid, F. S., Loke, Y. J., & Chin, P. N. (2023). Determinants of financial resilience: Insights from an emerging economy. Journal of Social and Economic Development, 25, 479-499. https://doi.org/10.1007/s40847-023-00239-y
• Hanlon, J., Roy, M., & Hulme, D. (2016). Living with floods. In M. Roy, J. Hanlon & D. Hulme (Eds.), Bangladesh confronts climate change: Keeping our heads above water (pp. 77-88). Anthem Press. https://doi.org/10.2307/j.ctt1hj9zfv
• Holling, C. S. (1973). Resilience and stability of ecological systems. Annual Review of Ecology and Systematics, 4, 1-23. https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev.es.04.110173.000245
• Iqbal Khan, M. T., Anwar, S., Asumadu Sarkodie, S., Rizwan Yaseen, M., Majeed Nadeem, A., & Ali, Q. (2022). Comprehensive disaster resilience index: Pathway towards risk-informed sustainable development. Journal of Cleaner Production, 366, 132937. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jclepro.2022.132937
• Keating, A., Campbell, K., Mechler, R., Magnuszewski, P., Mochizuki, J., Liu, W., Szoenyi, M., & McQuistan, C. (2017). Disaster resilience: What it is and how it can engender a meaningful change in development policy. Development Policy Review, 35(1), 65-91. https://doi.org/10.1111/dpr.12201
• Keshavarz, M., & Moqadas, R. S. (2021). Assessing rural households’ resilience and adaptation strategies to climate variability and change. Journal of Arid Environments, 184, 104323. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jaridenv.2020.104323
• Kurtz, J., & Elsamahi, M. (2023). How can peacebuilding contribute to climate resilience? Evidence from the drylands of East and West Africa. Current Opinion in Environmental Sustainability, 63, 101315. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cosust.2023.101315
• Lv, Y., Islam Sarkel, Md. N., & Radin Firdaus, R. B. (2024). Disaster resilience in climate-vulnerable community context: Conceptual analysis. Ecological Indicators, 158, 111527. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ecolind.2023.111527
• Noy, I., & Yonson, R. (2018). Economic vulnerability and resilience to natural hazards: A survey of concepts and measurements. Sustainability, 10(8), 2850. https://doi.org/10.3390/su10082850
• Oxford Advanced Learner's Dictionary. (n.d.). Disruption. https://www.oxfordlearnersdictionaries.com/definition/english/disruption
• Parsons, M., & Morley, P. (n.d.). The Australian Natural Disaster Resilience Index. https://knowledge.aidr.org.au/resources/ajem-apr-2017-the-australian-natural-disaster-resilience-index/
• Parsons, M., Morley, P., McGregor, J., Glavac, S., Marshall, G., Hastings, P., Reeve, I., McNeill, J., & Stayner, R. (2017). Assessing Australia’s resilience to natural hazard (Hazard Note No. 39). https://www.preventionweb.net/files/54994_hazardnote39assessingausresiliencet.pdf
• Resilient Cities Network. (n.d.). What is urban resilience? https://resilientcitiesnetwork.org/what-is-urban-resilience/
• Ristino, L. (2019). Surviving climate change in America: Toward a rural resilience framework. Western New England Law Review, 41, 521-548. https://digitalcommons.law.wne.edu/lawreview/vol41/iss3/5/
• Rose, A. (2004). Defining and measuring economic resilience to disasters. Disaster Prevention and Management, 13(4), 307-314. https://doi.org/10.1108/09653560410556528
• Rose, A. (2014). Economic resilience to natural and man-made disasters: Multidisciplinary origins and contextual dimensions. Environmental Hazards, 7(4), 383-398. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envhaz.2007.10.001
• Rose, A. (2016). Measuring economic resilience to disasters: An overview. In M.-V. Florin & I. Linkov (Eds.), IRGC Resource Guide on Resilience Volume 1 (pp. 197-203). Lausanne: EPFL & International Risk Governance Council. https://doi.org/10.5075/epfl-irgc-228206
• Rose, A. (n.d.). Economic resilience: Concepts and measurement. https://www.wto.org/english/res_e/reser_e/adam_rose_040321.pdf
• Sagara, B. (2018). Resilience measurement practical guidance note series 2: Measuring shocks and stresses. Portland: Mercy Corps.
• Sharma, S. E. (2023). Urban climate resilience under racial capitalism: Governing pluvial flooding across Amsterdam and Dhaka. Geoforum, 145, 103817. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.geoforum.2023.103817
• Shaw, R., & Sharma, A. (2011). Climate and disaster resilience in cities. Bingley: Emerald Group Publishing.
• Sousa, A. R., Santos Crus, S., & Breda-Vázquez, I. (2024). Understanding transformative capacity to boost urban climate adaptation: A semi-systematic literature review. Ambio, 53, 276-291. https://doi.org/10.1007/s13280-023-01940-2
• Stanković, J., Tomić, Z., & Stanković, J. (2020). Socio-economic impact of natural disasters in the Republic of Serbia. Economic Analysis, 53(2), 20-38. https://doi.org/10.28934/ea.20.53.2.pp20-38
• Statistics Poland. (n.d.). Indicator 7.a.1 – Official development assistance. https://sdg.gov.pl/statistics_glob/7-a-1/ (in Polish).
• United Nations Office for Disaster Risk Reduction (UNDRR). (n.d.-a). Resilience. https://www.undrr.org/terminology/resilience
• United Nations Office for Disaster Risk Reduction (UNDRR). (n.d.-b). Hazard. https://www.undrr.org/terminology/hazard
• United Nations Office for Disaster Risk Reduction (UNDRR). (n.d.-c). Why are disasters not natural? https://www.undrr.org/our-impact/campaigns/no-natural-disasters
• United Nations Office for Disaster Risk Reduction (UNDRR). (n.d.-d). Disaster risk. https://www.undrr.org/terminology/disaster-risk
• United Nations Office for Disaster Risk Reduction (UNDRR). (n.d.-e). Disaster risk management. https://www.undrr.org/terminology/disaster-risk-management
• United Nations Office for Disaster Risk Reduction (UNDRR). (n.d.-f). Disaster risk reduction. https://www.undrr.org/terminology/disaster-risk-reduction
• United Nations Office for Disaster Risk Reduction (UNDRR). (n.d.-g). Disaster risk assessment. https://www.undrr.org/terminology/disaster-risk-assessment
• United Nations Office for Disaster Risk Reduction (UNDRR). (n.d.-h). Disaster risk. https://www.preventionweb.net/understanding-disaster-risk/component-risk/disaster-risk
• United Nations Statistics Division. (n.d.). Indicator 11.5.2 – Disaster economic loss. https://unstats.un.org/wiki/display/SDGeHandbook/Indicator+11.5.2
• United Nations University – Institute for Environment and Human Security (UNU-EHS). (2021). Interconnected disaster risk. https://unu.edu/ehs/our-work/interconnected-disaster-risks
• United States Economic Development Administration (U.S. EDA). (n.d.). Economic resilience. https://www.eda.gov/resources/comprehensive-economic-development-strategy/content/economic-resilience
• Wang, L. (2022). Exploring a knowledge map for urban resilience to climate change. Cities, 131, 104048. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cities.2022.104048
• Zseleczky, L., & Yosef, S. (2014). Are shocks really increasing? A selective review of the global frequency, severity, scope and impact of five types of shocks. International Food Policy Research Institute (IFPRI). https://www.fsnnetwork.org/sites/default/files/2020resilienceconfpaper05.pdf