Biomechanical Loads and Subjective Stress Exposure to Lumber Graders in Sawmill Industry

• Autorzy: Jones T. , Kumar S.
• Języki publikacji: EN

Abstrakty

EN

The aim of this study was to determine biomechanical loads and subjective stresses on lumber graders and associated morbidity in a high risk and repetitive sawmill occupation. The exposures of all 29 male sawmill worker volunteers were recorded. Motion and posture were studied with electrogoniometers, muscle loads were recorded with surface electromyography, and psychophysical stresses were assessed with subjective responses. Fifty-nine percent of the participants reported greater than moderate discomfort in their taskdominant upper extremity. Job performance required an average range of motion of 44º, 21º, and 52º in flexion/extension, radial/ulnar deviations, and pronation/supination respectively. It also required an average of 9% maximum voluntary contraction force and was repeated an average of 34 times/min. This repetitive exertion over an 8-h shift was deemed to be a significant risk factor associated with prevalent upper extremity morbidity.

Słowa kluczowe

EN

job analysis; lumber graders; wood product manufacturing; repetitive strain; upper extremity; physical and psychophysical stress

• Wydawca: Taylor & Francis
• Czasopismo: International Journal of Occupational Safety and Ergonomics
• Rocznik: 2011
• Tom: Vol. 17, No. 1
• Strony: 87--97
• Opis fizyczny: Bibliogr. 20 poz., rys., tab.

Twórcy

autor

Jones T.

• Faculty of Rehabilitation Medicine, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada

autor

Kumar S.

• Physical Medicine Institute, University of North Texas Health Science Center, Fort Worth, TX, USA

Bibliografia

• 1.Jones T, Kumar S. Six years of injuries and accidents in the sawmill industry of Alberta. Int J Indus Ergon. 2004;33:415–27.
• 2.Jones T, Kumar, S. Comparison of ergonomic risk assessment output in four sawmill jobs. International Journal of Occupational Safety and Ergonomics (JOSE). 2010; 16(1):105–11.
• 3.Bernard BP, editor. Musculoskeletal disorders and workplace factors: a critical review of epidemiologic evidence for work-related musculoskeletal disorders of the neck, upper extremity, and low back (NIOSH Publication No. 97-141). Cincinnati, OH, USA: National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH); 1997. Retrieved August 31, 2010, from: http://www.cdc.gov/niosh/docs/97-141/.
• 4.Kumar S. Theories of musculoskeletal injury causation. Ergonomics. 2001;44:17–47.
• 5.Moore JS, Garg A. The strain index: a proposed method to analyze jobs for risk of distal upper extremity disorders. Am Ind Hyg Assoc J. 1995;56:443–58.
• 6.Occhipinti E. OCRA: a concise index for the assessment of exposure to repetitive movements of the upper limbs. Ergonomics. 1998;41:1290–311.
• 7.Jones T, Kumar S. Assessment of physical demands and comparison of multiple exposure definitions in a repetitive high risk sawmill occupation: sawfiler. Int J Ind Ergon. 2006;36:819–27.
• 8.Corlett EN, Bishop RP. A technique for assessing postural discomfort. Ergonomics. 1976;19:175–82.
• 9.Goniometer and torsiometer operating manual. Cwmfelinfach, Gwent, UK: Biometrics; 2002.
• 10.Borg GAV. A category scale with ratio properties for intermodal comparison. In: Geissler HG, Petzold P, editors. Psychophysical judgment and process of perception. Berlin, Germany: VEB Deutscher Verlag der Wissenschaften;1982. p. 25–34.
• 11.Huskisson EC. Visual analogue scales. In: Melzack R. editor. Pain measurement and assessment. New York, NY, USA: Raven Press. 1983. p. 33–7.
• 12.Callaghan JP, Salewytsch AJ, Andrews DM. An evaluation of predictive methods for estimating cumulative spinal loading. Ergonomics. 2001;44(9);825–37.
• 13.Kumar S. Cumulative load as a risk factor for back pain. Spine. 1990;15:1311–7.
• 14.Kumar S, Moro L, Narayan Y. Morbidity among x-ray technologists. Int J Ind Ergon. 2004;33:29–40.
• 15.Kumar S, Narayan Y. Cumulative spinal load amongx-ray technologists: a field study of techniques, frame rate and prediction. Int J Ind Ergon. 2005;35:889–903.
• 16.Newell TM, Kumar S. Comparison of instantaneous and cumulative loads on the low back and neck in orthodontists. Clin Biomech (Bristol, Avon). 2005;20:130–7.
• 17.Kumar S. Cumulative load and models. In Kumar S, editor, Biomechanics in ergonomics. 2nd ed. Boca Raton, FL, USA; CRC Press: 2008. p. 597–632.
• 18.Norman R, Well R, Neumann P, Frank J, Shannon H, Kerr M, et al. A comparison of peak vs. cumulative physical work exposure risk factors for the reporting of low back pain in the automotive industry. Clin Biomech (Bristol, Avon). 1998;13:561–73.
• 19.Silverstein BA, Fine LJ, Armstrong TJ. Carpal tunnel syndrome: causes and a preventive strategy. Semin Occup Med. 1986;1:213–21.
• 20.Waters T, Yeung S, Genaidy A, Callagahn J, Barriera-Viruet H, Abdallah S, et al. Cumulative spinal loading exposure methods for manual materials handling tasks: part II. Methodological issues and applicability for use in epidemiological studies. TIES. 2006;7:131–48.