Drought and water mobilization in semi-arid zone: The example of Hammam Boughrara dam (North-West of Algeria)

• Autorzy: Adjim H. , Djedid A.

Identyfikatory

DOI

10.2478/jwld-2018-0019

Warianty tytułu

PL

Susza i gromadzenie wód powierzchniowych w obszarach półsuchych. Przykład zapory wodnej Hammam Boughrara (w północno-zachodniej Algierii)

• Języki publikacji: EN

Abstrakty

EN

The dam of Hammam Boughrara is an embankment dam built in a transboundary basin, between Algeria and Morocco; it was type-approved and delivered in 1998. This dam was supposed to solve the lack of drinking water in Oran (Algeria's second largest city) and enhance the agricultural perimeter of the area. It should regulate an annual water volume of 59 million m³. However, the northwest Algeria has experienced a fairly severe drought since the 80s. This article aims to show the impact of this drought on the amount of surface water that can be mobilized by this dam. The rainfall series recorded at four stations, located within the basin of the dam, were examined using the proportional deviation from the average, the running average, the frequency analysis, the Pita’s index and the standardized precipitation index. These methods have shown a significant decrease of rain, starting from the hydrological year 1975/1976. These same approaches were also used to analyse series of flows spread over a longer period. This fact revealed three periods of drought which are 1940–1945, 1955–1967 and the most recent one highlighted by the rainfall series, starts at the year 1975/1976. The regularized water volume of the dam, calculated from the series of flow rates, is around 37 million m³. This value reflects a deficit of 40% of the regularized volume predicted by the designers of the dam.

PL

Zaporę Hammam Boughrara zbudowano na granicy Algierii i Maroka i uruchomiono w 1998 r. Zapora miała na celu rozwiązać problem braku wody pitnej w Oranie (drugim co do wielkości mieście Algierii) i zwiększyć zasięg rolnictwa w regionie. Miała regulować rocznie zasoby wody o objętości 59 milionów m³. Północnozachodnie regiony Algierii doświadczają jednak silnej suszy od lat osiemdziesiątych XX wieku. Artykuł ma wykazać wpływ tej suszy na ilość wody, którą może gromadzić zbiornik. Serie opadowe notowane w czterech stacjach zlokalizowanych w zlewni zbiornika analizowano z wykorzystaniem proporcjonalnego odchylenia od średniej, ruchomej średniej, analizy częstości, wskaźnika Pity i wskaźnika standaryzowanego opadu. Stosowane metody wykazały istotne zmniejszenie ilości opadu począwszy od roku hydrologicznego 1975/1976. Takie samo podejście zastosowano do analizy serii szybkości przepływu, które obejmują dłuższy okres. Analiza ujawniła trzy okresy suszy, które przypadały na lata 1940–1945, 1955–1967 i ostatni wykazany przez serie opadów, który rozpoczął się w roku 1975/1976. Zasoby wody regulowane rocznie obliczone z serii przepływów wynoszą ok. 37 milionów m³. Ta ilość w istocie odzwierciedla deficyt gromadzonej wody, gdyż jest o 40% mniejsza niż objętość przewidywana przez projektantów zapory.

Słowa kluczowe

EN

drought; rainfall; regularized volume; semi-arid zone; statistical tests; water mobilization

PL

gromadzenie wody; opad; regulacja objętości; strefa półpustynna; susza; testy statystyczne

• Wydawca: Wydawnictwo ITP
• Czasopismo: Journal of Water and Land Development
• Rocznik: 2018
• Tom: no. 37
• Strony: 3--10
• Opis fizyczny: Bibliogr. 26 poz., rys., tab.

Twórcy

autor

Adjim H.

• University Abou Bekr Belkaid, Faculty of Technology, BP 230, 13000 Tlemcen, Algeria

autor

Djedid A.

• University Abou Bekr Belkaid, Faculty of Technology, BP 230, 13000 Tlemcen, Algeria

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