Phytotoxicity of Sodium Chloride Towards Common Duckweed (Lemna Minor L.) and Yellow Lupin (Lupinus Luteus L.)

• Autorzy: Sikorski Ł. , Piotrowicz-Cieślak A. I. , Adomas B.

Warianty tytułu

PL

Fitotoksyczne działanie chlorku sodu wobec łubinu żółtego (Lupinus Luteus L.) oraz rzęsy drobnej (Lemna Minor L.)

• Języki publikacji: EN

Abstrakty

EN

Salinity has adverse effects on plants and is one of the causes of environment degradation. Plants have developed many defensive mechanisms, protecting them from sodium chloride (NaCl), including accumulation of osmoprotective compounds, which maintain osmotic balance, protect cell structure and enzymes. In the current study, we investigated the effects of salinity resulting from a range of sodium chloride concentrations (from 0 to 400 mM) on the growth of common duckweed (Lemna minor L.) and yellow lupin (Lupinus luteus L.). Increasing concentration of sodium chloride decreased the area of common duckweed leaves. At the highest applied salt concentration, the decrease of leaf area was associated with leaf chlorosis. In yellow lupin, the increasing sodium chloride concentration inhibited root and stem elongation. The highest tested NaCl concentration of 400 mM completely stopped elongation of yellow lupin shoots. The content of cyclitols and soluble carbohydrates in plant tissues was evaluated as well. Cyclitols (D -chiro -inositol and D -pinitol), as well as soluble carbohydrates (glucose, fructose and sucrose) were detected in common duckweed tissues. Yellow lupin seedlings also contained cyclitols - D -pinitol, myo -inositol and D -chiro -inositol - and soluble carbohydrates - glucose, galactose and sucrose. The content of osmoprotectants in plant tissues, especially sucrose and cyclitols, increased with increasing concentration of sodium chloride in the soil. The results indicate that the content of cyclitols and soluble carbohydrates in plant tissues can be an indicator of plant response to salinity stress.

PL

Zasolenie wpływa niekorzystnie na roślinność i stanowi jedną z przyczyn degradacji środowiska wodnego i glebowego. Rośliny wykształciły wiele mechanizmów odporności na NaCl, jednym z nich może być akumulacja związków osmoprotekcyjnych, utrzymujących równowagę osmotyczną, chroniących struktury komórkowe i enzymy. W pracy badano wpływ zasolenia wywołanego różnymi stężeniami chlorku sodu (od 0 do 400 mM) na tempo wzrostu rzęsy drobnej (Lemna minor L.) i łubinu żółtego (Lupinus luteus L.). Ponadto w tkankach roślin oceniano zawartość cyklitoli i węglowodanów rozpuszczalnych. Wzrastające stężenie chlorku sodu zmniejszało powierzchnię liści rzęsy drobnej. W najwyższym z zastosowanych stężeń obok redukcji pola powierzchni liści obserwowano również intensywną chlorozę liści. Wzrastające stężenie chlorku sodu hamowało wzrost elongacyjny korzeni i łodyg łubinu żółtego. Najwyższe z badanych stężeń NaCl całkowicie hamowało wzrost elongacyjny łodyg łubinu żółtego. W tkankach rzęsy drobnej występowały cyklitole (D -chiro -inozytol i D -pinitol) oraz węglowodany rozpuszczalne (glukoza, fruktoza i sacharoza). Natomiast w siewkach łubinu żółtego występowały cyklitole (D -pinitol, myo -inozytol i D -chiro -inozytol) oraz węglowodany rozpuszczalne (glukoza, fruktoza, galaktoza i sacharoza). Wykazano, że wraz ze wzrostem stężenia chlorku sodu w podłożu wzrastała zawartość osmoprotektantów (cyklitoli i sacharozy) w tkankach. Badania wykazały, że cyklitole i węglowodany rozpuszczalne obecne w tkankach łubinu żółtego i rzęsy drobnej są dobrymi biomarkerami środowiska zanieczyszczonego chlorkiem sodu.

Słowa kluczowe

EN

sodium chloride; common duckweed; yellow lupin; cyclitols; soluble carbohydrates

PL

chlorek sodu; rzęsa drobna; łubin żółty; cyklitole; węglowodany rozpuszczalne

• Wydawca: Institute of Environmental Engineering, Polish Academy of Sciences
• Czasopismo: Archives of Environmental Protection
• Rocznik: 2013
• Tom: Vol. 39, no. 2
• Strony: 117--128
• Opis fizyczny: Bibliogr. 47 poz., wykr.

Twórcy

autor

Sikorski Ł.

• Department of Environmental Toxicology, University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, Poland

autor

Piotrowicz-Cieślak A. I.

• Department of Plant Physiology and Biotechnology, University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, Poland

autor

Adomas B.

• Department of Environmental Toxicology, University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, Poland

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