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Security of the 2014 Winter Olympics in Sochi

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Języki publikacji
EN
Abstrakty
EN
Given the fact that major sporting events such as the Olympic Games attract attention all over the world, the aspect of their security has become even more important, especially after the terrorist attacks of September 11, 2001. Organizers of this type of mass sports event treat the issue of safety as top priority. The paper examines the empirical data from scientific publications, press releases and formal government documents that pertain to Russia's preparation to properly secure the 2014 Sochi Winter Olympics in terms of security. The aim of this article was to identify the threats to the Winter Olympics in Sochi and to characterize the security system organized by Russia against this background. The conducted research confirmed that the greatest threat in Russia was the high activity of national liberation groups, fighters and terrorists from the Sochi area, which clearly intensified in the period preceding the Olympics. In addition, the security system created by Russia involved many different state bodies, including agencies, police and law enforcement services, and the army. Based on the research, it can be concluded that the security system created in Sochi may be a good example for other countries that will try to organize the Olympic Games in the future.
Czasopismo
Rocznik
Tom
1
Strony
93--106
Opis fizyczny
Bibliogr. 27 poz., rys., tab.
Twórcy
  • Military University of Aviation, Dęblin, Poland
Bibliografia
  • 1. Boyle, Ph. (2012). Securing the Olympic Games: Exemplifications of Global Governance, in Helen Jefferson Lenskyj and Stephen Wagg (eds.), The Palgrave Handbook of Olympic Studies, Basingstoke: Palgrave Macmillan, p. 394.
  • 2. Dean, K. (2014). Winter Olympic Games: Long-term Lessons for Sochi, Colliers International, Ester Europe, I Q, February, p. 5. file:///C:/Users/ADAMRA~1/AppData/Local/Temp/colsochi.pdf
  • 3. Demidov, D.D.B. (2015). Sky over Sochi at the castle organization of air defense of facilities for the XXII Winter Olympic Games and XI Winter Paralympic Games 2014, Aerospace Defense, No 3.
  • 4. Department of State (2014). Office of the Spokesperson, Special Briefing: Senior Administration Officials Teleconference, January 24.
  • 5. Horne, J. Manzenreiter, W. (2006). An Introduction to the Sociology of Sports Mega-Events, Sociological Review 54, No. 2, p. 19.
  • 6. Lovelace, D. C. Jr. (2017). Terrorism: Commentary on Security Documents: Russia's Resurgence, Oxford University Press, Volume 146, p.71.
  • 7. Luccacioni, C. Cohen, A. (2014). Sochi: Security and Counterterrorism at the 2014 Winter Olympics, Issue Brief, No 4116, January 06, p.1.
  • 8. Müller, M. (2014).After Sochi 2014: costs and impacts of Russia’s Olympic Games, Eurasian Geography and Economics , Vol. 55, No. 6, p. 628–655.
  • 9. Nichol J. Halchin E. J. W. Rollins, A. Tiersky, S. Woehrel (2014, January, 26), The 2014 Sochi Winter Olympics: Security and Human Rights Issues, Report, Congressional Research Service. file:///C:/Users/ADAMRA~1/AppData/Local/Temp/R43383.pdf
  • 10. Radomyski, A. (2019). Contemporary aspects of civil aviation security against aviation terrorism, Transport Means - Proceedings of the International Conference, October 2-4, Palanga, Lithuania, file:///C:/Users/ADAMRA~1/AppData/Local/Temp/Transport-means-2019-Part-3.pdf
  • 11. Radomyski, A. Bernat, P. (2018). Contemporary Determinants of Organising Effective Protection of Civil Aviation Against Terrorism, Transportation Research Procedia, Volume 35. https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2352146518303612
  • 12. Radomyski, A. Dobija, K., Michalak, A. (2012). Determinanty użycia wojsk OPL w osłonie imprez sportowych o wymiarze międzynarodowym, Akademia Obrony Narodowej, Warszawa.
  • 13. Šiljak, V. Vukašinović, V. Đurovi, D. (2016). Security Requirements at the Olympic Games, Sportlogia, No 12 (1), p. 38.
  • 14. Silke, A. (2010). Understanding Terrorist Target Selection, A. Richards, P. Fussey, and A. Silke (Eds), Terrorism and the Olympics: Major Event Security and Les-sons for the Future, London, Routledge, p. 58.
  • 15. Spaaij, R. (2016). Terrorism and Security at the Olympics: Empirical Trends and Evolving Research Agendas, The International Journal of the History of Sport, Vol. 33, No. 4, p. 452.
  • 16. The Kremlin (2014). President of Russia, Interview to Russian and Foreign Me-dia, January 19. http://www.en.kremlin.ru/events/president/transcripts/interviews/20080
  • 17. U.S. Department of Defense (2014). Press Briefing with Rear Admiral Kirby from the Pentagon, January 23. https://www.defense.gov/Newsroom/Transcripts/Transcript/Article/606940/department-of-defense-press-briefing-by-rear-adm-kirby-in-the-pentagon-briefing/
  • 18. Yu. Y, Klauser, F., Chan, G. (2009). Governing Security at the 2008 Beijing Olym-pics’, The International Journal of the History of Sport 26, No 3, p. 390
  • 19. Russian Secret Service (2012, May, 10). Sochi 2014 Olympics Terror Attack Foiled in Breakaway Republic of Abkhazia, CBS News. http://www.cbsnews.com/news/russian-secret-service-sochi-2014-olympics-terror-attack-foiled-in-breakaway-republic-of-abkhazia/
  • 20. Parfitt, T. (2013, July, 3), Doku Umarov Calls for Islamists to Disrupt Sochi Winter Olympics, Telegraph. http://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/worldnews/europe/russia/10157474/Doku- Umarov-calls-for-Islamists-to-disrupt-Sochi-Winter-Olympics.html
  • 21. Frolov, V. (2013, October, 28). A Global Power Can’t Have Porous Borders, The Moscow Times, http://www.themoscowtimes.com/opinion/article/a-global-power-cant-have-porous-borders/488532.html
  • 22. Global Rescue (2013, November, 25). Global Rescue to Support U.S. Ski and Snowboard Association at 2014 Sochi Winter Olympic Games, news release. https://www.globalrescue.com/about.cfm?view=news&article=116.
  • 23. Garamone, J. (2014, January, 21). U.S., Russian Leaders Discuss Afghanistan, Sochi, History,” News, American Forces Press Service. https://www.jcs.mil/Media/News/News-Display/Article/571636/us-russian-leaders-discuss-afghanistan-sochi-history/
  • 24. Frankovic, K. (2014, January, 29). More than half of Americans have little to no confidence that Sochi will be safe from terrorist attacks, but most people still want the US to participate, Politics & current affairs. https://today.yougov.com/topics/politics/articles-reports/2014/01/29/olympic-interest-olympic-fears
  • 25. Fergus, N. (2014, June, 26). A former Australian intelligence agent whose consulting firm Intelligent Risks worked on the Athens Olympics, quoted in Andrew Chang, ‘Fearing Olympic Terror, Athens Gears Up’, ABC News http://abcnews.go.com/International/story?id=79466
  • 26. J. McBride (2018, January,19). The Economics of Hosting the Olympic Games, Council on Foreign Relations. https://www.cfr.org/backgrounder/economics-hosting-olympic-games
  • 27. Colarusso, J. (2019, August, 1). RUSSI: The Circassians and the Sochi Olympics. John Colarusso. Retrived http://www.johncolarusso.net. Russia: New Harassment of Olympic Critics.
Uwagi
PL
Opracowanie rekordu ze środków MNiSW, umowa Nr 461252 w ramach programu "Społeczna odpowiedzialność nauki" - moduł: Popularyzacja nauki i promocja sportu (2021).
Typ dokumentu
Bibliografia
Identyfikator YADDA
bwmeta1.element.baztech-cb8b43ee-4367-471f-b9cc-6a4232083d99
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