Mechanical properties and microstructure of fast – fired clinker tiles based on Wierzbka I raw material

• Autorzy: Gajek M. , Rapacz-Kmita A. , Dudek M. , Partyka J.

Identyfikatory

DOI

10.1515/adms-2016-0002

• Języki publikacji: EN

Abstrakty

EN

The article presents results of research on microstructural and mechanical properties of floor tiles clinker manufactured on the basis of Wierzbka I raw material, which is part of the deposit Wierzbka, near Suchedniów. Wierzbka I clay was added in various volume fractions to the standard tile compositions used in industrial practice. The samples were pressed in a range of from 21 MPa to 42 MPa and fired in the laboratory furnace at 1130°C to 1190°C. Selected compositions were pressed at 28 MPa and fired in a standard industrial environment. The process of firing was conducted in an industrial kiln at temperature of 1160°C for 38 minutes, with holding for 4 minutes at maximum operating temperature. The samples, which were prepared in the laboratory and industrial conditions were evaluated for the effect of addition of the Wierzbka I clay on their microstructural and mechanical properties based on the measurement results of linear shrinkage, bulk density, open porosity, water absorption and flexural strength (Ϭ) of the tiles. Microstructural changes were observed with a scanning electron microscope (SEM). The results revealed that the tested tiles were characterized by a high degree of sintering, an apparent density of 2.5 g/cm3, an open porosity and water absorption below 0.5%. The measurement results of mechanical bending strength showed that the tested samples had a high strength of 50 MPa.

Słowa kluczowe

EN

ceramic raw material; mechanical properties; clinker tiles; fast firing

PL

surowiec ceramiczny; właściwości mechaniczne; płytka klinkierowa; szybkie wypalanie

• Wydawca: Politechnika Gdańska
• Czasopismo: Advances in Materials Science
• Rocznik: 2016
• Tom: Vol. 16, nr 1(47)
• Strony: 17--26
• Opis fizyczny: Bibliogr. 19 poz., rys., wykr., tab.

Twórcy

autor

Gajek M.

• AGH University of Science and Technology, Faculty of Material Science and Ceramics, Department of Ceramics and Refractories, al. A. Mickiewicza 30, 30-059 Cracow, Poland

autor

Rapacz-Kmita A.

• AGH University of Science and Technology, Faculty of Material Science and Ceramics, Department of Ceramics and Refractories, al. A. Mickiewicza 30, 30-059 Cracow, Poland

autor

Dudek M.

• AGH University of Science and Technology, Faculty of Energy and Fuels, al. A. Mickiewicza 30, 30-059 Cracow, Poland

autor

Partyka J.

• AGH University of Science and Technology, Faculty of Material Science and Ceramics, Department of Ceramics and Refractories, al. A. Mickiewicza 30, 30-059 Cracow, Poland

Bibliografia

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• 3. Dondi M., Raimondo M., Zanelli C., Clays and bodies for ceramic tiles: Reappraisal and technological classification. Applied Clay Science, 96 (2014), 91-109.
• 4. Gajek M., Partyka J., Lis J., Microstructure and High-Strength Glass-Ceramic Coatings. 38th Int. Conf. on Advanced Ceramics and Composites, Daytona Beach, USA, (2014), 169-174.
• 5. Mandecka-Kamień L., Rapacz-Kmita http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0272884214018665 ‐ aff0005A., Gajek M., Dudek M., The phase composition of mixtures in corundum-rich Al2O3-CaO-P2O5 systems. Ceramics International, 41 (2015), 4093-4100.
• 6. Rapacz-Kmita A., Stodolak-Zych E., Szaraniec B., Gajek M., Dudek P., Effect of clay mineral on the accelerated hydrolytic degradation of polylactide in the polymer/clay nanocomposites. Materials Letters, 146 (2015), 73-76.
• 7. Sánchez E., García-Ten J., Sanz V., Moreno A., Porcelain tile: Almost 30 years of steady scientific-technological evolution. Ceramics International, 36 (2010), 831-845.
• 8. Panna W., Wyszomirski P., Gajek M., Characteristics of the fine-grained fractions of the crushed strzegom granites as possible materials in manufacture of ceramic tiles (in Polish). Gospodarka Surowcami Mineralnymi - Mineral Resources Management, 31 (2015), 59-76.
• 9. Wyszomirski P., Galos K., Triassic red clays of Tarnowskie Góry-Kępno region in respect of their usefulness for the polish ceramic industry. Gospodarka Surowcami Mineralnymi - Mineral Resources Management, 21 (2005), 149-166
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• 11. Gacki F., Karczmarski P., New possibilities of pressed clinker applications (in Polish). Materiały Ceramiczne/Ceramic Materials, 60 (2008), 157-159.
• 12. Wyszomirski P., Galos K., Polish clayey raw materials for the production of ceramic tiles. Clay Mineral, 44 (2009), 497-509.
• 13. Wyszomirski P., Muszyński M., Zawrzykraj W.: Red clays from Szkucin (świętokrzyskie voivodeship) and their industrial application (in Polish). Gospodarka Surowcami Mineralnymi - Mineral Resources Management, 26 (2010), 5-20.
• 14. Gajek M., Partyka J., Rapacz-Kmita A., Wójcik Ł., Dudek M., Gasek K., Clays of Wierzbka I deposit (northern margin of Holy Cross Mountains) for the production of clinker tiles (in Polish). Gospodarka Surowcami Mineralnymi - Mineral Resources Management, 32 (2016) 89-102.
• 15. Szuflicki M., Malon A., Tymiński M., Assessment of Poland's mineral resources as of 31 December 2014. The Polish Geological Institute - National Research Institute, Warszawa, 2014.
• 16. PN-EN ISO 10545-3, Ceramic tiles, Part 3: Determination of water absorption, apparent porosity, apparent relative density and bulk density, 1999.
• 17. PN-EN ISO 10545-4, Ceramic tiles, Part 4: Determination of modulus of rupture and breaking strength, 2014.
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• 19. PN-EN 14411, Ceramic tiles - Definitions, classification, standard: characteristics, evaluation of conformity and marking, 2013.

Uwagi

PL

Opracowanie ze środków MNiSW w ramach umowy 812/P-DUN/2016 na działalność upowszechniającą naukę.