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Ethanol as an automotive fuel – a review

Treść / Zawartość
Identyfikatory
Warianty tytułu
Języki publikacji
EN
Abstrakty
EN
Usage of ethanol as a fuel has been known for hundreds of years. However, recently usage of ethanol and its blends as a road transport fuel has increased and interest in its use is growing. There are a lot of pros and cons connected with using ethanol, which are described in this paper. This paper reviews current knowledge on using ethanol in spark ignition engines. The fuel is described in the context of future opportunities. A significant part of the paper is dedicated to the analysis of ethanol and its blends’ impact on regulated and unregulated exhaust emissions, including laboratory results obtained by BOSMAL from chassis dynamometer testing of European vehicles.
Czasopismo
Rocznik
Strony
39--45
Opis fizyczny
Bibliogr. 40 poz., wykr.
Twórcy
autor
  • Engine Research Department, BOSMAL Automotive Research and Development Institute Ltd in Bielsko-Biała
autor
  • Engine Research Department, BOSMAL Automotive Research and Development Institute Ltd in Bielsko-Biała
autor
  • PhD student, Wroclaw University of Technology
autor
  • Engine Research Department at the BOSMAL Automotive Research & Development Institute Ltd in Bielsko-Biała
Bibliografia
  • [1] Ando, N. et al. The Permeation Effect of Ethanol-containing Fuels on Fluoropolymers. SAE Technical Paper 2007-01-2035, DOI:10.4271/2007-01-2035.
  • [2] Bergstrom, K., Jones, C. The New Ecotech Turbo Biopower Engine from GM Powertrain. EAEC Paper, 2009.
  • [3] Bielaczyc P., Hejny B., Woodburn J. An Overview of the Usage of Ethanol as a Fuel for Spark Ignition Engines, Instytut Nafty i Gazu at Paliwa alkoholowe dla transportu – uwarunkowania, badania i rozwój, Państwowy Instytut Badawczy, Kraków 2015.
  • [4] Bielaczyc, P., Klimkiewicz, D., Szczotka, A., Woodburn, J. A Comparison of the Exhaust Emission of a Vehicle Fuelled with Different Ethanol-Petrol Blends. Combustion Engines 2012, 2.
  • [5] Bielaczyc, P., Szczotka, A., Woodburn, J. Exhaust Emissions from Light Duty Vehicles Running on Petrol Ethanol Blends Measured under Laboratory Conditions, Instytut Nafty i Gazu at Paliwa alkoholowe dla transportu – uwarunkowania, badania i rozwój, Państwowy Instytut Badawczy, Kraków 2015.
  • [6] Bielaczyc, P., Szczotka, A., Woodburn, J. The Effect of Various Petrol-ethanol Blends on Exhaust Emissions and Fuel Consumption of an Unmodified Light-Duty SI Vehicle. SAE Technical Paper 2011-24-0177, DOI:10.4271/2011-24-0177.
  • [7] Bielaczyc, P. The Usage of Fuels Containing Ethanol to Power Automotive Spark Ignition Engines (Zastosowanie paliw zawierających alkohol etylowy do zasilania silników samochodowych o zapłonie iskrowym). Wyd. Politechniki Poznańskiej, Poznań, 2016, in press.
  • [8] Bielaczyc, P., Woodburn, J. The usage of bioethanol in light-duty SI vehicles – a brief overview. Combustion Engines 2011, 3.
  • [9] Bielaczyc, P. et al. An examination of the effect of ethanol–gasoline blends’ physicochemical properties on emissions from a light-duty spark ignition engine. Fuel Processing Technology 2012. DOI: 10.1016/j.fuproc.2012.07.030.
  • [10] Bielaczyc, P., Szczotka, A., Woodburn, J. A Study of Ethanol-Gasoline Blends’ Influence on performance and Exhaust Emissions from a Light-Duty Gasoline Vehicle. SAE Technical Paper 2012-01-1052. DOI: 10.4271/2012-01-1052.
  • [11] Bielaczyc, P., Szczotka, A., Woodburn J. Investigations on fuel ethanol content and ambient temperature on particle number and mass emissions from vehicles featuring direct injection gasoline engines. Extended abstract and presentation, in: Proceedings of the 16th ETH Conference on Combustion Generated Nanoparticles, 24-27 June 2012, Zurich, Switzerland, ISBN: 978-3-033-03556-0.
  • [12] Bielaczyc, P., Szczotka, A., Woodburn, J. Regulated Emissions, Unregulated Emissions and Fuel Consumption of Two Vehicles Tested on Various Petrol-Ethanol Blends. SAE Technical Paper 2014-01-2824, DOI:10.4271/2014-01-2824.
  • [13] Biello, D. Intoxicated on Independence: Is Domestically Produced Ethanol Worth the Cost? Scientific America, 2011, online access [09.02.2015]: www.scientificamerican.com/ article/ethanol-domestic-fuel-supply-or-environmentalboondoggle.
  • [14] Clark, W. Intermediate Ethanol Blends: Plans and Status, National Renewable Energy Laboratory presentation to the US Department of Energy, 2008.
  • [15] Coordinating Research Council, 2009a. Effects of Vapor Pressure, Oxygen Content, and Temperature on CO Exhaust Emissions. CRC report E-74-b. Available online: www.crcao.org/reports/recentstudies2009/E-74b/E-74b%20Revised%20 Final_Report_SR20090503.pdf
  • [16] Demirbas, A. Emission Characteristics of Gasohol and Diesohol. Energy Sources, Part A, 31:1099-1104, 2009.
  • [17] Directive (EU) 2015/1513 of the European Parliament and of the Council of 9 September 2015.
  • [18] Directive 2009/28/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council of 23 April 2009.
  • [19] Directive 2009/30/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council of 23 April 2009. Official Journal of the European Union, 05.06.2009, L140, 88-113.
  • [20] Durbin, T.D. et al. Effects of Ethanol and Volatility Parameters on Exhaust Emissions. CRC Project No. E-67, 2006.
  • [21] Barrientos, E.J., Anderson, J.E., Maricq, M.M., Boehman, A.L. Particulate matter indices using fuel smoke point for vehicle emissions with gasoline, ethanol blends, and butanol blends, Combustion and Flame 2016,167:308–319, DOI:10.1016/j. combustflame.2016.01.034.
  • [22] Eyidogan, M. et al. Impact of alcohol–gasoline fuel blends on the performance and combustion characteristics of an SI engine. Fuel 2010,89:2713-2720, DOI:10.1016/j.fuel. 2010.01.032.
  • [23] Goldemburg, J. Ethanol for a Sustainable Energy Future. Science 2007,315:808-810, DOI:10.1126/science.1137013.
  • [24] Hardenberg, H., Morey S. and his Atmospheric Engine (Warrendale, Pa.: Society of Automotive Engineers, Feb. 1992), SP922, ISBN 1-56091-240-5.
  • [25] Kar, K. et al. Organic gas emissions from a stoichiometric direct injection spark ignition engine operating on ethanol/ gasoline blends, DOI:10.1243/14680874JER610.
  • [26] Knoll, K. et al. Effects of Mid-Level Ethanol Blends on Conventional Vehicle Emissions. SAE technical paper 2009-012723. Available online (as NREL/CP-540-46570) www.nrel. gov/docs/fy10osti/46570.pdf
  • [27] Maricq, M.M., Szente, J.J., Jahr, K. The Impact of Ethanol Fuel Blends on PM Emissions from a Light-Duty GDI Vehicle. Aerosol Science and Technology 2011,46:576-583. DOI:10.1080/02786826.2011.648780.
  • [28] Naik, P.N., Goud, V.V., Rout, P.K., Dalai, A.K. et al. Production of first and second generation biofuels: A comprehensive review. Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews 2010,14(2):578–597, DOI:10.1016/j.rser.2009.10.003.
  • [29] Negurescu, N. et al. Aspects of Using Ethanol in SI Engines. Fisita Paper F2006P294, 2006.
  • [30] Oleksiak, S. Praca zbiorowa. Paliwa alkoholowe dla transportu – uwarunkowania, badania i rozwój, Instytut Nafty i Gazu, Kraków 2015.
  • [31] Prakash, C. Use of Higher than 10 volume percent Ethanol/ Gasoline Blends in Gasoline Powered Vehicles. Report submitted to Canada’s Air Pollution Prevention Directorate, 1998.
  • [32] Renewable Fuels Association (ed.). 2016 Ethanol Industry Outlook, RFA. Online access [05.09.2016]: www.ethanolrfa. org/wp-content/uploads/2016/02/Ethanol-Industry-Outlook2016.pdf
  • [33] Renewable Fuels Association (ed.). Ethanol facts: Environment, Last updated March 2015, RFA. Online access [02.09. 2015]: http://www.ethanolrfa.org/pages/ethanol-facts-environment.
  • [34] Review of fuel ethanol impacts on local air quality. Bioethanol for Sustainable Transport report No. D9.14, 2008.
  • [35] Strong, R.M. Commercial deductions from comparisons of gasoline and alcohol tests on internal combustion engine. United States Geological Survey Bulletin, Vol. 392, 1909, Online access [02.09.2015]: pubp.usgp.gov/bul/0392/report. pdf
  • [36] SULTAN modelling to explore the potential contribution of bioethanol to EU transport GHG reduction in 2030. Ricardo Energy and Environment Report ED62423, July 2016. epure. org/media/1410/contribution-of-ethanol-to-eu-transport-ghgreduction.pdf
  • [37] Turner, D. et al. Combustion performance of bio-ethanol at various blend ratios in a gasoline direct injection engine. Fuel 2011, DOI:10.1016/j.fuel.2010.12.025.
  • [38] U.S. Energy Information Administration (ed.), Annual Energy Outlook 2012 with Projections to 2035. EIA, June, 2012, Access on-line [09.09.2015]: http://www.eia.gov/forecasts/ aeo/pdf/0383(2012).pdf.
  • [39] Wallner, T. et al. Impact of ethanol and butanol as oxygenates on SIDI engine efficiency and emissions using steady-state and transient test procedures. 16th DEER Conference, Detroit, USA, September 27-30, 2010.
  • [40] Yanowitz, J., McCormick, R.L. Effect of E85 on Tailpipe Emissions from Light-Duty Vehicles. J. Air & Waste Manage. Assoc., 2009,59:172–182. DOI:10.3155/1047-3289.59.2.172.
Uwagi
PL
Opracowanie ze środków MNiSW w ramach umowy 812/P-DUN/2016 na działalność upowszechniającą naukę.
Typ dokumentu
Bibliografia
Identyfikator YADDA
bwmeta1.element.baztech-ca30e75a-735c-405f-9c9a-fd66b19a499d
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