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Effect of Curvature Shape of Transparent COVID-19 Protective Face Shields on the Speech Signal

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Warianty tytułu
Języki publikacji
EN
Abstrakty
EN
Recent papers and studies over the course of last three years have shown that COVID-19 has a negative impact on the speech communication quality between people. This paper presents an influence analysis of the curvature shape of protective transparent shields on the speech signal. Five shields made of the same material and dimensions but with different curvatures were analyzed, from a completely flat to a very curved shield which has the same shape of curvature at its top and bottom and covers the entire face. The influence of the shield is analyzed with two types of experiments – one using dummy head with integrated artificial voice device, and the other using real speakers (female and male actors). It has been shown that usage of protective shields results in a relative increase in the speech signal level, in the frequency range of around 1000 Hz, compared to the situation when protective shields are not used. The relative increase in speech signal levels for large-curvature shields can be up to 8 dB. The possible causes of this phenomenon have been analyzed and examined.
Słowa kluczowe
Rocznik
Strony
27--35
Opis fizyczny
Bibliogr. 28 poz., fot., rys., tab., wykr.
Twórcy
  • School of Electrical Engineering, University of Belgrade Belgrade, Serbia
  • School of Electrical Engineering, University of Belgrade Belgrade, Serbia
  • School of Electrical Engineering, University of Belgrade Belgrade, Serbia;
  • School of Electrical Engineering, University of Belgrade Belgrade, Serbia;
Bibliografia
  • 1. ANSI (2004), Specification for octave, half-octave, and third octave band filter sets, No. S1.11, Acoustical Society of America.
  • 2. Atcherson S.R. et al. (2017), The effect of conventional and transparent surgical masks on speech understanding in individuals with and without hearing loss, Journal of the American Academy of Audiology, 28(1): 58-67, doi: 10.3766/jaaa.15151.
  • 3. Atcherson S.R., Finley E.T., McDowell B.R., Watson C. (2020), More speech degradations and considerations in the search for transparent face coverings during the COVID-19 pandemic, Audiology Today, 32(6): 20-27.
  • 4. Atcherson S.R., McDowell B.R., Howard M.P. (2021), Acoustic effects of non-transparent and transparent face coverings, The Journal of the Acoustical Society of America, 149: 2249-2254, doi: 10.1121/10.0003962.
  • 5. Bottalico P., Murgia S., Puglisi G.E., Astolfi A., Kirk K.I. (2020), Effect of masks on speech intelligibility in auralized classrooms, The Journal of the Acoustical Society of America, 148(5): 2878-2884, doi: 10.1121/10.0002450.
  • 6. Byrne D. et al. (1994), An international comparison of long-term average speech spectra, The Journal of the Acoustical Society of America, 96: 2108-2120, doi: 10.1121/1.410152.
  • 7. Caniato M., Marzi A., Gasparella A. (2021), How much COVID-19 face protections influence speech intelligibility in classrooms?, Applied Acoustics, 178: 1-14, doi: 10.1016/j.apacoust.2021.108051.
  • 8. Choi Y. (2020), The intelligibility of speech in university classrooms during lectures, Applied Acoustics, 162: 1-8, doi: 10.1016/j.apacoust.2020.107211.
  • 9. Choi Y. (2021), Acoustical measurements of masks and the effects on the speech intelligibility in university classrooms, Applied Acoustics, 180: 1-8, doi: 10.1016/j.apacoust.2021.108145.
  • 10. Corey R.M., Jones U., Singer A.C. (2020), Acoustic effects of medical, cloth, and transparent face masks on speech signals, The Journal of the Acoustical Society of America, 148: 2371-2375, doi: 10.1121/10.0002279.
  • 11. Dalka P., Kostek B., Czyżewski A. (2006), Vowel recognition based on acoustic and visual features, Archives of Acoustics, 31(3): 275-288.
  • 12. Jovičic S. (1999), Fundamental of Speech Communication, p. 81, Beograd.
  • 13. Kociński J., Sek A. (2005), Speech intelligibility in various spatial configurations of background noise, Archives of Acoustics, 30(2): 173-191.
  • 14. Kopechek J.A. (2020), Increased ambient noise and elevated vocal effort contribute to airborne transmission of COVID-19, The Journal of the Acoustical Society of America, 148(5): 3255-3257, doi: 10.1121/10.0002640.
  • 15. Liu H., Ma H., Kang J., Wang C. (2020), The speech intelligibility and applicability of the speech transmission index in large spaces, Applied Acoustics, 167: 1-12, doi: 10.1016/j.apacoust.2020.107400.
  • 16. Magee M. et al. (2020), Effects of face masks on acoustic analysis and speech perception: Implications for peri-pandemic protocols, The Journal of the Acoustical Society of America, 148(5): 3562-3568, doi: 10.1121/10.0002873.
  • 17. Nábĕlek A.K., Letowski T.R., Tucker F.M. (1989), Reverberant overlap- and self-masking in consonant identification, The Journal of the Acoustical Society of America, 86(4): 1259-1265, doi: 10.1121/1.398740.
  • 18. Nobrega M., Opice R., Lauletta M.M., Nobrega C.A. (2020), How face masks can affect school performance, International Journal of Pediatric Otorhinolaryngology, 138: 1-2, doi: 10.1016/j.ijporl.2020.110328.
  • 19. Pierce A. (2019), Acoustics an Introduction to Its Physical Principles and Applications, 3rd ed., Springer Nature, Cham Switzerland.
  • 20. Pörschmann C., Lübeck T., Arend J.M. (2020), Impact of face masks on voice radiation, The Journal of the Acoustical Society of America, 148: 3663-3670, doi: 10.1121/10.0002853.
  • 21. Rudge A.M., Sonneveldt V., Brooks B.M. (2020), The effects of face coverings and remote microphone technology on speech perception in the classroom, The Moog Center for Deaf Education, pp. 1-8.
  • 22. Technical documentations of the manufacturer (1971), https://www.opweb.de/english/company/Brüel_and_Kjær/4219 (access: 16.06.2023).
  • 23. Technical documentations of the manufacturer (2010), http://www.nti-audio.com/Portals/0/data/en/MiniSPL-Measurement-Microphone-Product-Data.pdf (access: 16.06.2023).
  • 24. Technical documentations of the manufacturer (2012), http://download.steinberg.net/downloads_hardware/UR22/UR22_documentation/UR22_OperationManual_en.pdf (access: 16.06.2023).
  • 25. Technical documentations of the manufacturer (2018), https://www.bksv.com/-/media/literature/Product-Data/bp2038.ashx (access: 16.06.2023).
  • 26. Vojnovic M., Mijic M. (1997), The influence of the oxygen mask on longtime spectra of continuous speech, The Journal of the Acoustical Society of America, 102(4): 2456-2458, doi: 10.1121/1.421021.
  • 27. Vojnovic M., Mijic M., Šumarac Pavlovic D. (2018), Transfer characteristics of vocal tract closed by mask cavity, Archives of Acoustics, 43(2): 307-311, doi: 10.24425/122378.
  • 28. Wolfe J. et al. (2020), Optimizing communication in schools and other settings during COVID-19, The Hearing Journal, 73(9): 40-45, doi: 10.1097/01.HJ.0000717184.65906.b9.
Uwagi
Opracowanie rekordu ze środków MNiSW, umowa nr SONP/SP/546092/2022 w ramach programu "Społeczna odpowiedzialność nauki" - moduł: Popularyzacja nauki i promocja sportu (2024).
Typ dokumentu
Bibliografia
Identyfikator YADDA
bwmeta1.element.baztech-c9f47b17-87a6-4886-aba4-52b78f5e1d08
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