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Tytuł artykułu

Integrated 3D geological modeling of Sonda-Jherruck coal field, Pakistan

Treść / Zawartość
Identyfikatory
Warianty tytułu
Języki publikacji
EN
Abstrakty
EN
Despite being one of the largest coal fields in Pakistan, the Sonda-Jherruck coal resource is yet to be exploited. Exploration studies were done between 1981 and 1989 by the Geological Survey of Pakistan (GSP) and the United States Geological Survey (USGS). While much exploratory data is available, computer-aided geological modeling has not been carried out. The resource estimation was carried out using the traditional circular 891 method. The specified distance between observational points remains constant, disregarding continuity in seam thickness that leads to higher uncertainty. Fault modeling and geologic mapping were not performed in preliminary reports. Fault lines based on aerial maps are indicated. This study generated 3D solid seam models and a fault model of the deposit. Coal seams were modeled to produce spatial distribution maps for seam thickness. The overall in-place coal resources of the deposit are estimated to be 4.66 billion tons, however mineable resources are estimated to be 1.59 billion tons. The method of fault detection is based on drill hole data. Dipping was calculated using regular grid data and the unknown points were estimated using the inverse distance weighting squared method. The assessed fault zones were compared with the USGS fault lines and an apparent similarity was observed.
Rocznik
Strony
111--119
Opis fizyczny
Bibliogr. 23 poz.
Twórcy
  • School of Mines, China University of Mining and Technology, Xuzhou, China
  • Department of Mining Engineering, Mehran University of Engineering and Technology, Jamshoro, Pakistan
  • Department of Mining Engineering, Mehran University of Engineering and Technology, Jamshoro, Pakistan
autor
  • Department of Mining Engineering, Mehran University of Engineering and Technology, Jamshoro, Pakistan
Bibliografia
  • 1. Abbas, G., & Atique, M. (2005). A brief on coal deposits of Sindh, Pakistan, Geological Survey of Pakistan, Special Publication, Vol. 27. Karachi: Geological Survey of Pakistan.
  • 2. Ahmed, W. F. H., Ahmed, M., Siddiquie, K., & Khan, I. A. (1988). Coal resources of Pakistan. Karachi: Geological Survey of Pakistan.
  • 3. Akiska, S., Sayili, İ. S., & Demirela, G. (2013). Three-dimensional subsurface modeling of mineralization: A case study from the Handeresi (Çanakkale, NW Turkey) Pb-Zn-Cu deposit. Turkish Journal of Earth Sciences, 22(4), 574-587. https://doi.org/10.3906/yer-1206-1.
  • 4. Caumon, G., Collon-Drouaillet, P., De Veslud, C. L. C., Viseur, S., & Sausse, J. (2009). Surface-based 3D modeling of geological structures. Mathematical Geosciences, 41(8), 927-945. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11004-009-9244-2.
  • 5. Deutsch, C. V., & Wilde, B. J. (2013). Modeling multiple coal seams using signed distance functions and global kriging. International Journal of Coal Geology, 112, 87-93. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.coal.2012.11.013.
  • 6. Gribble, P. D. (1994). Fault interpretation from coal exploration borehole data using SURPAC2 software. Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 79, 29-35. https://doi.org/10.1144/GSL.SP.1994.079.01.04.
  • 7. Lemon, A. M., & Jones, N. L. (2003). Building solid models from boreholes and userdefined cross-sections. Computers & Geosciences, 29(5), 547-555. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0098-3004(03)00051-7.
  • 8. Luo, Z.-q., Xiao-ming, L., Jia-hong, S., Ya-bin, W., & Wang-ping, L. (2007). Deposit 3D modeling and application. Journal of Central South University of Technology, 14(2), 225-229. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11771-007-0045-9.
  • 9. Pardo-Igúzquiza, E., Dowd, P., Baltuille, J., & Chica-Olmo, M. (2013). Geostatistical modelling of a coal seam for resource risk assessment. International Journal of Coal Geology, 112, 134-140. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.coal.2012.11.004.
  • 10. Quadri, V.-u.-N., & Shuaib, S. M. (1986). Hydrocarbon prospects of southern Indus Basin, Pakistan. AAPG Bulletin, 70(6), 730-747.
  • 11. SanFilipo, J. R., Khan, S. A., & Chandio, A. H. (1994). Coal resource assessment of the Jherruck area, Sonda coal field, Sindh Province, Pakistan Open-File Report, 93-523. Retrieved 4 February, 2015 from https://www.sciencebase.gov/catalog/item/4f4e49ace4b07f02db5c6b24.
  • 12. Schweinfurth, S. P., & Farhat, H. (1988). Coal resources of Lakhra and Sonda coalfields, southern Sindh, Pakistan Geological Survey of Pakistan, Project Report (IR), No. 82.
  • 13. Schweinfurth, S. P., SanFilipo, J. R., Landis, E. R., Khan, R. A., & Shah, A. A. (1990). Coal resources of the Lakhra and Sonda coal fields, southern Sindh Province, Pakistan. A progress report. Open-File Report 90-59. Retrieved 10 Feburary, 2015 from https://pubs.er.usgs.gov/publication/ofr9059.
  • 14. Schweinfurth, S. A., SanFilipo, J. R., & Simon, F. O. (1985). Plan for coal-resources-assessment drilling and related activities, Sindh Province, Pakistan. U. S. Geological Survey Project Report (IR) PK-69.
  • 15. Siddiqui, F. I., Pathan, A. G., Ünver, B., Tercan, A. E., Hindistan, M. A., Ertunç, G., et al. (2015). Lignite resource estimations and seam modeling of Thar Field, Pakistan. International Journal of Coal Geology, 140, 84-96. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.coal.2015.02.003.
  • 16. Tercan, A. E., Ünver, B., Hindistan, M. A., Ertunç, G., Atalay, F., Ünal, S., et al. (2013). Seam modeling and resource estimation in the coalfields of western Anatolia. International Journal of Coal Geology, 112, 94-106. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.coal.2012.10.006.
  • 17. Thomas, R. E., Riaz, K. M., & Ahmed, K. S. (1993). Coal resources of the Sonda coal field, Sindh Province, Pakistan. International Journal of Coal Geology, 23(1-4), 159-191. https://doi.org/10.1016/0166-5162(93)90047-E.
  • 18. Ünal, M. S., Ünver, B., Hindistan, M. A., Ertunç, G., & Tercan, A. E. (2013). Computer aided detection of fault zones by using drill hole data. Paper presented at the 23rd World Mining Congress, Montreal, Canada.
  • 19. Wang, G., & Huang, L. (2012). 3D geological modeling for mineral resource assessment of the Tongshan Cu deposit, Heilongjiang Province, China. Geoscience Frontiers, 3(4), 483-491. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.gsf.2011.12.012.
  • 20. Wood, G. H., Kehn, T. M., Carter, M. D., & Culbertson, W. C. (1983). Coal Resource Classification System of the U.S. Geological survey. U.S. Department of the Interior, U.S. Geological Survey Circular 891. Retrieved 16 March, 2016 from https://pubs.usgs.gov/circ/1983/0891/report.pdf.
  • 21. Wu, Q., & Xu, H. (2003). An approach to computer modeling and visualization of geological faults in 3D. Computers & Geosciences, 29(4), 503-509. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0098-3004(03)00018-9.
  • 22. Wu, Q., Xu, H., & Zou, X. (2005). An effective method for 3D geological modeling with multi-source data integration. Computers & Geosciences, 31(1), 35-43. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cageo.2004.09.005.
  • 23. Zhao, H., Bai, R., & Liu, G. (2011). 3D modeling of open pit based on AutoCAD and application. Procedia Earth and Planetary Science, 3, 258-265. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.proeps.2011.09.092.
Typ dokumentu
Bibliografia
Identyfikator YADDA
bwmeta1.element.baztech-c8a50434-62d7-475f-9cc8-d7fc5912030f
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