Identyfikatory
Warianty tytułu
Mud technology used by PSPW
Konferencja
Konferencja naukowo-techniczna GEOPETROL 2000 nt. Problemy naukowo-badawcze I rozwojowe poszukiwań i eksploatacji złóż gazu ziemnego i ropy naftowej : Zakopane, 25-28.09.2000
Języki publikacji
Abstrakty
Technological progress in drilling industry as well as economical and ecological factors had impact on new developments in drilling mud technology leading to new kinds of drilling muds and new mud additives. Modern drilling mud is a dispersed-colloidal system processing defined physical and chemical properties to fulfill several very important tasks in drilling process. Variety of special materials and chemical additives are used for mud preparation and for the control of it's parameters. These materials are expensive and their cost take significant position in drilling cost. The choice of adequate type of mud and it's properties, it's proper maintenance in drilling process has great impact on technical and economical indices of drilling performance. Polish drilling industry started with bentonite drilling muds and developed them through such mud systems as lime, gypsum, salt saturated, inverted oil muds, potassium, polymer, solid free and special systems for drill in and workover fluids. Mud system choice depends mainly on geological conditions and drilled formation properties. The main mud task is to keep well wall in stable condition, especially in shale formations, salts, or plastic clays. Moreover, some other geologic factors have to be taken into consideration, such as abnormally low or high reservoir pressures, fluid loss zones and delicate production zones that need to be drilled by suitable mud system with adequate parameters. Since several years Polish Drilling Fluid Service (PSPW) offers and uses: Polymer-Potassium mud known as PSP Stabpol System (designed for drilling in shale and clay containing formations); Salt Mud (for drilling in Zechstein formations); solid free mud, known as X-pol System (for drill into reservoirs in sandstone formations); Bentonite Mud (for spud drilling). PSP Stabpol System has advantage of both potassium mud, and the active role of high molecular weight polymer, that enables double inhibition ionic and polymeric. The addition of РНРЛ polymer enhances good lubricity and stabilizes fluid loss. Encapsulating polymer together with KCL substantially reduces hydration, swelling and sloughing of drilled shales and helps in efficient cleaning of the mud. Following materials are used for mixing and maintaining PSP Stabpol System mud: Bcntopol (bentonite), Stabpol S (РНРЛ), NaOH, KOH, KCl, Polofix LV and HV (CMC), Biostat (biocide), Bary¬te and other weighting material. The Salt Mud is used for drilling in Zechstein formations containing salt layers up to 2-3 thousand meters thick. These formations contain often oil and gas reservoirs with HsS and have very high pressures (approx. 0.2 MPa/10 m), that causes that the muds have to be very dense and resistant to many aggressive chemical substances. This mud is composed on the brine base and it's structure is created by biopolymer. Fluid loss is controlled by CMC. The mud is weighted by barite and an iron ore such as hematite. An advantage of this mud is the possibility of easy increase of alkalinity during drilling through HsS containing formations, and the lack of bentonite in this mud provides resistance to magnesium and calcium ions. The Salt Mud is composed of: Polofix LV (CMC), NaCl, NaOH, Xantan Gum (biopolymer), Baryte and Hematyte. X-pol System mud belongs to solid free mud systems. Because it does not contain any bentonite, the formation damage by colloidal clay particles is minimised. The main component of this mud is organic polymer (X-drill) acting as viscosifier and fluid loss control. X-drill is a biodegradable polymer. The swelling of clay minerals incorporated into reservoir sandstone cementing material is retarded by KCl addition, and in the case of drilling through shale formation the mud is treated by РНРЛ (STABPOL) additive. As blocator, ground marble with specially matched grain size is used, together with K-200 organic blocator. The mud cake formed by this mud on the wall decomposes after some time biologically, or may be removed by use of acid treatment. The use of X-pol System for drilling into oil and gas reservoir permits to minimize formation damage and to keep good production rate from the well. The X-pol mud is composed of: X-drill (viscosifier), KCl (carbonate blocator). Blok M. Stabpol S, Biostat, Blok K-200 (organic blocator) and NaOH. This mud is used as drill in mud in all regions characterized by normal and low pressure gradients. All above mentioned mud systems, depending on the need, may be treated by such materials as: Defpol (defoamer). Superlub (lubricant) and Flowzan (an effective biopolymer increasing yeld point and viscosity at low shear rates). PSPW has a great experience with the use of above described muds gained during drilling wells, including directional and horizontal, in difficult geological conditions in Poland, offshore in Baltic Sea, in Slovakia, Ukraine, and in Kalinigrad region (Russia).
Słowa kluczowe
Rocznik
Strony
489--494
Opis fizyczny
Bibliogr. 4 poz.
Bibliografia
- [1] Dudek A., Żołna A. - Polimerowa płuczka do przewiercania skał ilasto-łupkowych w trudnych warunkach geologicznych. Nafta Gaz, listopad 1993
- [2] Geroń S., Pudło J., Dudek A., Żołna A. - Technologies and Materials Used for Drilling Fluids Composition in Polish Gas Industry. Conference IADC. October 1997, Warsaw
- [3] Geroń S., Pudlo J., Dudek A. - Ochrona przepuszczalności strefy przyodwiertowej przy zastosowaniu blokatorów mineralnych i organicznych w płuczkach do dowiercania złóż. X Międzynarodowa Konferencja AGH, Kraków, czerwiec 1999
- [4] Katalog materiałów płuczkowych i cementowych - PSPW Krosno, 1999
Typ dokumentu
Bibliografia
Identyfikator YADDA
bwmeta1.element.baztech-c7684bb4-2f43-47ed-9105-60cda02d05d8
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