Ergonomic Evaluation of Physical Risk for Packing Line Operators

• Autorzy: Lasota A. M.
• Języki publikacji: EN

Abstrakty

EN

One of the elements of the logistics system is the subsystem of production, which is composed of physical elements such as machinery and equipment, tools, and, most importantly, people. In addition, systems dependent on the human-operator are particularly prone to problems related to: discomfort, ensuring production quality, increases in training costs and absence. The aim of the study was to assess the exposure of upper limbs to musculoskeletal disorders (MSD’s) in the sequential packaging of a product, and the analysis of risk factors. Material and methods: To conduct the evaluation, the occupational repetitive action (OCRA) checklist method was applied. Rated activities related to the sequential packaging of furniture in positions located at the conveyor belt. Results and conclusion: High risk ratings occurred at two sites, whereas three were rated as medium. The main risk factors influencing the negative evaluations were: insufficient number of breaks, preventing the staff from getting sufficient rest and a short cycle - less than 15 seconds - due to the pace forced by the conveyor belt. Manufacturing engineers and specialists in the field of health and safety should pay particular attention to the organization of the packaging process, and should develop and implement a rotation system, taking into account the load of the upper limbs.

Słowa kluczowe

EN

transportation OCRA; workload; ergonomics; risk; MSDs

• Wydawca: Międzynarodowa Wyższa Szkoła Logistyki i Transportu we Wrocławiu
• Czasopismo: Logistics and Transport
• Rocznik: 2015
• Tom: Vol. 26, No. 2
• Strony: 11--20
• Opis fizyczny: Bibliogr. 36 poz., rys., tab.

Twórcy

autor

Lasota A. M.

• University of Zielona Góra, Poland

Bibliografia

• [1] Annett, J.: Hierarchical task analysis. Handbook of Human Factors and Ergonomics Methods. 2004, pp. 33-1 - 33-7.
• [2] Black, J.T.: Design rules for implementing the Toyota Production System. International Journal of Production Research 45(16)/2007, pp.3639-3664.
• [3] BS EN 1005-5: 2007. Safety of machinery. Human physical performance. Risk assessment for repetitive handling at high frequency.
• [4] Colombini, D.: Risk Assessment and Management of Repetitive Movements and Exertions of Upper Limbs: Job Analysis, Ocra Risk Indicies, Prevention Strategies and Design Principles. Elsevier, 2002.
• [5] Forcella, L., Bonfiglioli, R., Cutilli, P., Siciliano, E., Di Donato, A., Di Nicola, M., Antonucci, A., ·Di Giampaolo, L., · Boscolo, P., Violante, F. S.: Analysis of occupational stress in a high fashion clothing factory with upper limb biomechanical overload. International archives of occupational and environmental health 85(5)/2012, pp.527-535.
• [6] Genaidy, A.M., Al-Shed, A.A., Karwowski, W.: Postural stress analysis in industry. Applied Ergonomics 25/1994, pp.77-87.
• [7] Gonzalez, B.A., Adenso-Diaz, B., Torre, P.G.: Ergonomic performance and quality relationship: an empirical evidence case. International Journal of Industrial Ergonomics 31/2003, pp.33-40.
• [8] Hignett, S., McAtamney, L.: Rapid Entire Body Assessment (REBA). Applied Ergonomics 31/2000, pp.201-5.
• [9] Istota inżynierii produkcji. Komitet Inżynierii Produkcji Polska Akademia Nauk, Warszawa 2012, http://www.kip.pan.pl/images/stories/zdjecia/wydawnictwa/ekspertyza.pdf, 2014.05.11.
• [10] Joode, B.W., Burdorf, A., Verspuy, C.: Physical load in ship maintenance: hazard evaluation by means of a workplace survey. Applied Ergonomics 28/1997, pp.213-219.
• [11] Jones, T., Kumar, S.: Comparison of ergonomic risk assessments in a repetitive high-risk sawmill occupation: Saw-filer. International Journal of Industrial Ergonomics 37(9)/2007, pp. 744-753.
• [12] Karhu, O., Kansi, P., Kuorinka, I.: Correcting working postures in industry: a practical method for analysis. Applied Ergonomics 8/1977, pp.199–201.
• [13] Kasvi, J.J.J., Vartiainen, M., Pulkkis, A., Nieminen, M.: The role of information support systems in the joint optimization of work systems. Human Factors and Ergonomics in Manufacturing 10(2)/2000, pp.193-221
• [14] Kee, D., Karwowski, W.: A Comparison of three observational techniques for assessing postural loads in industry. International Journal of Occupational Safety and Ergonomics (JOSE) 13(1)/2007, 3–14.
• [15] Kilbom, A.: Assessment of physical exposure in relation to work-related musculoskeletal disorders – what information can be obtained from systematic observations? Scandinavian Journal of Work, Environment & Health 20/1994, pp. 30-45, Special issue.
• [16] Kumar, S.: A conceptual model of overexertion, safety, and risk of injury in occupational settings. Human Factors 36(2)/1994, pp.197-209.
• [17] Lasota, A.: Dolegliwości mięśniowo-szkieletowe szwaczek maszynowych, [w:] Obciążenie układu ruchu. Przyczyny i skutki, red. R. Paluch i in., Oficyna Wydawnicza Politechniki Wrocławskiej, Wrocław 2008a, s.151-161.
• [18] Lasota, A.: Dolegliwości zdrowotne projektantów pracujących na stanowiskach pracy wyposażonych w komputery. Zeszyty Naukowe Politechniki Poznańskiej. Organizacja i Zarządzanie 33/2001, s.73-77.
• [19] Lasota, A.: Ergonomiczna ocena dolegliwości mięśniowo-szkieletowych operatorów stanowisk dyspozytorskich. [w:] Dolegliwości zdrowotne a warunki pracy, red. E. Kowal, Oficyna Wydawnicza Uniwersytetu Zielonogórskiego, Zielona Góra 2008b, s.21-25.
• [20] Lasota, A.: REBA – metoda oceny obciążenia i ryzyka zawodowego spowodowanego sposobem wykonywania pracy, [w:] Zarządzanie ryzykiem zawodowym w miejscu pracy, red. A. Rabenda, Oficyna Wydawnicza Uniwersytetu Zielonogórskiego, Zielona Góra 2006, s.127-140.
• [21] Lasota, A. M.: Analiza obciążenia pracą metodą OWAS. Zarządzanie Przedsiębiorstwem 16(3)/2013a, s.35-39.
• [22] Lasota, A. M.: A Reba-based analysis of packers workload: a case study. LogForum 10(1)/2014, pp. 87-95.
• [23] Lasota, A. M.: Packer’s Workload Assessment using the OWAS Method, Logistics and Transport 18(2)/2013b, pp.25-32.
• [24] Lasota, A. M., Ścigaj, M.: Workload analysis of assembly positions, in: ed. G. Dudarski, J. Martinka, M. Rybakowski, I. Turekova: Modern trends in ergonomics and occupational safety : selected problems : scientific monograph, Oficyna Wydawnicza Uniwersytetu Zielonogórskiego Zielona Góra 2013, pp. 45-54.
• [25] LI, K.W., Lee, Ch-L.: Postural analysis of four jobs on two building construction sites: an experience of using the OWAS method in Taiwan. Journal of Occupational Health 41/1999, pp.183-190.
• [26] McAtamney, L., Corlett, E.N.: RULA: a survey method for the investigation of work-related upper limb disorders. Applied Ergonomics 24/1993, pp.91-99.
• [27] Muthukumar, K., Sankaranarayanasamy, K., Ganguli, A.K.: Analysis of frequency, intensity, and interference of discomfort in computerized numeric control machine operations. Human Factors and Ergonomics in Manufacturing & Service Industries 24(2)/2014, pp.131-138.
• [28] Occhipinti, E. Colombini D.: Alterazioni muscolo-scheletriche degli arti superiori da sovraccarico biomeccanico: metodi e criteri per l’inquadramento dell’esposizione lavorativa. Med Lav 87(6)/1996, pp.491-525.
• [29] Quansah, R.: Harmful postures and musculoskeletal symptoms among fish trimmers of a fish processing factory in Ghana: a preliminary investigation. International journal of occupational safety and ergonomics (JOSE) 11(2)/2005, pp.181-90.
• [30] Scott, G.B., Lambe, N.R.: Working practices in a perchery system, using the OVAKO Working Posture Analysing System (OWAS). Applied Ergonomics 27/1996, pp.281-284.
• [31] Sesek, R., Gilkey, D., Rosecrance, J., Guzy, A.: The utility of OWAS in auto manufacturing assembly job evaluations, 2nd Annual Regional National Occupational Research Agenda (NORA) Young/New Investigators Symposium, Salt Lake City, April 16, 2004.
• [32] Słowiński, B.: Wprowadzenie do logistyki. Wydawnictwo uczelniane Politechniki Koszalińskiej. Koszalin 2008.
• [33] Torres, Y., Viña, S.: Evaluation and redesign of manual material handling in a vaccine production centre’s warehouse. Work: A Journal of Prevention, Assessment and Rehabilitation 41/2012, pp.2487-2491.
• [34] Vieira, E.R., Kumar, S.: Working postures: a literature review. Journal of Occupational Rehabilitation 14(2)/2004, pp.143-159.
• [35] Wang, H., Hwang, J., Lee, K-S., Kwag, J-S., Jang, J-S., Jung, M-C.: Upper body and finger posture evaluations at an electric iron assembly plant. Human Factors and Ergonomics in Manufacturing & Service Industries 24(2)/2014, pp.161-171.
• [36] Wright, E.J., Haslam, R.A.: Manual handling risks and controls in a soft drinks distribution centre. Applied Ergonomics 30/1999, pp.311-318.