On Correct Understanding and Classification of Saleh’s and Related Models of AM/AM and AM/PM Conversions

• Autorzy: Borys A.

Identyfikatory

DOI

10.24425/118144

• Języki publikacji: EN

Abstrakty

EN

In this paper, some of the existing classifications of the Saleh’s and related models of the AM/AM and AM/PM conversions occurring in communication power amplifiers (PA) are reviewed. It is shown that these classifications are inconsistent and must be refined. Obviously, carrying out such a refinement properly needs a good knowledge and correct understanding of the mechanisms leading to the AM/AM and AM/PM conversions. This was achieved in this paper by performing a thorough analysis of the PA behavior using an analytical tool, the Volterra series. The main points of this analysis are presented here in great detail. Among others, it is shown that the influence of the PA memory on the AM/PM conversion is two-fold: direct and indirect. The former can be however fully neglected. On the other hand, the indirect influence caused by “the interaction of the carrier with the PA memory” cannot be neglected when the PA has not enough wideband frequency characteristics. The latter effect mentioned causes changes in the carrier phase that are received as the phase changes of the baseband modulating signal.

Słowa kluczowe

EN

Saleh's model of AM/AM; Saleh's model of AM/PM; conversions; classifications; power amplifier; memory effect

• Wydawca: Polish Academy of Sciences, Committee of Electronics and Telecommunication
• Czasopismo: International Journal of Electronics and Telecommunications
• Rocznik: 2018
• Tom: Vol. 64, No. 1
• Strony: 39--44
• Opis fizyczny: Bibliogr. 12 poz.

Twórcy

autor

Borys A.

• Department of Marine Telecommunications, Faculty of Electrical Engineering, Gdynia Maritime University, Gdynia, Poland

Bibliografia

• [1] S. Benedetto, E. Biglieri, and R. Daffara, “Modeling and performance evaluation of nonlinear satellite links. - A Volterra series approach,” IEEE Trans. Aerospace Electron. Syst., vol. 15, pp. 494-507, 1979.
• [2] A. A. M. Saleh, “Frequency-independent and frequency-dependent nonlinear models of TWT amplifiers,” IEEE Trans. on Communications, vol. 29, pp. 1715-1720, 1981.
• [3] J. Joung, C. K. Ho, K. Adachi, and S. A. Sun, “Survey on power-amplifier-centric techniques for spectrum- and energy-efficient wireless communications,” IEEE Communications Surveys & Tutorials, vol. 17 pp. 315-333, 2015.
• [4] A. Borys and W. Sieńko, “On modelling AM/AM and AM/PM conversions via Volterra series,” Int. Journal of Telecommunications and Electronics (JET), vol. 62, pp. 267-272, 2016.
• [5] A. Borys, “Quadrature mapping, Saleh’s representation, and memory models,” Int. Journal of Telecommunications and Electronics (JET), vol. 62, pp. 389-394, 2016.
• [6] A. Borys, “Saleh’s model of AM/AM and AM/PM conversions is not a model without memory - another proof,” Int. Journal of Telecommunications and Electronics (JET), vol. 63, pp. 73-77, 2017.
• [7] A. Yadav, D. Mazumdar, B. R. Karthikeyan, and G. R. Kadambi, “Linearization of Saleh, Ghorbani and Rapp amplifiers with Doherty technique,” SASTech Journal, vol. 9, pp. 79-86, 2010.
• [8] M. Schetzen, The Volterra and Wiener Theories of Nonlinear Systems, New York: John Wiley & Sons, 1980.
• [9] Z. Zhu, H. Leung, and X. Huang, “Challenges in reconfigurable radio transceivers and application of nonlinear signal processing for RF impairment mitigation,” IEEE Circuits and Systems Magazine, vol. 13, pp. 44-65, 2013.
• [10] M. O’Droma, S. Meza, and Y. Lei, “New modified Saleh models for memoryless nonlinear power amplifier behavioural modelling,” IEEE Commun. Lett., vol. 13, pp. 399-401, 2009.
• [11] R. Pasricha and S. Kumar, “Power amplifier memory-less nonlinear modeling,” International Journal of the Physical Sciences, vol. 6, pp. 2644-2648, 2011.
• [12] M. C. Jeruchim, P. Balaban, and K. S. Shanmugan, Simulation of Communication Systems: Modeling, Methodology, and Techniques. New York: Springer, 2000.

Uwagi

1. The work presented in this paper was supported partly by the grant AMG DS/450/2018.

2. Opracowanie rekordu w ramach umowy 509/P-DUN/2018 ze środków MNiSW przeznaczonych na działalność upowszechniającą naukę (2018).