Groundwater property and composition variability under long-term irrigated area of Wonji Plain, Ethiopia

• Autorzy: Dinka Megersa Olumana

Identyfikatory

DOI

10.2478/jwld-2019-0025

Warianty tytułu

PL

Właściwości wód gruntowych i zmienność ich składu na długotrwale nawadnianym obszarze Równiny Wonji w Etiopii

• Języki publikacji: EN

Abstrakty

EN

Wonji Shoa Sugar Estate (WSSE), located in the flood plain of the Awash River (Ethiopia), has been under long-term (>60 years) irrigation, industrial activities and agro-chemical usage. In this study, the hydrochemical properties of groundwater bodies available at WSSE have been characterized for quality compositions. Water samples were collected from groundwater monitoring piezometers distributed in the sugarcane plantation and then analysed for physico-chemical quality parameters (pH, EC, major cations and anions) following standard procedures. Other chemical indices (e.g., total dissolved solids (TDS), total hardness (TH), magnesium absorption ratio (MAR), base exchange (r₁), meteoric genesis (r₂)) were derived from the measured water quality parameters. The compositional variability and groundwater classification has been presented using the Box and Piper plots. The potential sources of minerals were suggested for each of the considered water sources based on their quality characteristics. Both trilinear Piper plot and meteoric genesis index revealed that groundwater of the area is shallow meteoric water percolation type with a changing of hydrochemical facies and mixing trend. Groundwater of the area, is group 1 (Ca-Mg-HCO₃) type, with no dominant cations and HCO₃ are the dominant anions. Overall, the study result elucidates that the chemical composition of GW of the area showed spatial variability depending upon the variations in hydrochemical inputs from natural processes and/or anthropogenic activities within the region. The local anthropogenic processes could be discharges from sugar factory, domestic sewage and agricultural activities.

PL

Plantacja trzciny cukrowej Wonji Shoa usytuowana na równinie zalewowej rzeki Awash (Etiopia) była nawadniana ponad 60 lat i stanowiła obiekt działalności przemysłowej i rolniczej. W przedstawionych badaniach scharakteryzowano właściwości i jakość wód podziemnych na plantacji. Próbki wody pobierano z piezometrów rozmieszczonych na plantacji i analizowano w nich parametry fizyczne i chemiczne (pH, przewodnictwo elektrolityczne, główne kationy i aniony) zgodnie z obowiązującymi normami. Inne wskaźniki chemiczne (np. całkowite substancje rozpuszczone – TDS, całkowita twardość – TH, współczynnik absorpcji magnezu – MAR, wskaźniki r₁ (base exchange) i r₂ (meteoric genesis)) wyprowadzono z mierzonych parametrów jakości wody. Zmienność składu i klasyfikację wód gruntowych przedstawiono za pomocą wykresów pudełkowych i trójkątno-rombowych wykresów Pipera. Na podstawie cech jakościowych wody zaproponowano potencjalne źródła substancji mineralnych dla każdego z badanych zasobów wody. Zarówno wykres Pipera, jak i indeks wody opadowej wykazały, że wody gruntowe na badanym obszarze pochodzą z perkolacji wód opadowych o zmiennych właściwościach hydrochemicznych. Wody te należą do typu I (Ca-Mg-HCO₃) bez dominującego kationu i z wodorowęglanami jako dominującym anionem. Wyniki badań dowodzą, że skład chemiczny wód gruntowych badanego obszaru zależy od zmienności dopływu z procesów naturalnych (opadu) i działalności człowieka. Lokalne procesy antropogeniczne to głównie zrzuty ścieków z produkcji cukru, ścieków bytowych i dopływy z rolnictwa.

Słowa kluczowe

EN

chemical composition; groundwater; physico-chemical; quality parameters; quality variability

PL

cechy fizyczne i chemiczne; parametry jakościowe; skład chemiczny; wody gruntowe; zmienność jakości

• Wydawca: Wydawnictwo ITP
• Czasopismo: Journal of Water and Land Development
• Rocznik: 2019
• Tom: no. 41
• Strony: 37--46
• Opis fizyczny: Bibliogr. 39 poz., rys.

Twórcy

autor

Dinka Megersa Olumana

• University of Johannesburg, Faculty of Engineering and the Built Environment, Department of Civil Engineering Science, PO Box 524, Auckland Park 2006, Johannesburg, South Africa

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Uwagi

Opracowanie rekordu w ramach umowy 509/P-DUN/2018 ze środków MNiSW przeznaczonych na działalność upowszechniającą naukę (2019).