Koronawirusy : niewidzialne zagrożenie o globalnym zasięgu

Stobnicka-Kupiec, Agata; Górny, Rafał L.; Gołofit-Szymczak, Małgorzata; Ławniczek-Wałczyk, Anna; Cyprowski, Marcin

doi:10.5604/01.3001.0014.5828

Artykuł - szczegóły

Tytuł artykułu

Koronawirusy : niewidzialne zagrożenie o globalnym zasięgu

Autorzy

Stobnicka-Kupiec Agata , Górny Rafał L. , Gołofit-Szymczak Małgorzata , Ławniczek-Wałczyk Anna , Cyprowski Marcin

Treść / Zawartość

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Identyfikatory

DOI

10.5604/01.3001.0014.5828

Warianty tytułu

Coronaviruses : an invisible threat with a global reach

Języki publikacji

Abstrakty

Koronawirusy są przyczyną wielu chorób ludzi i zwierząt. Od momentu pierwszych obserwacji Beaudette’a i Hudsona w 1933 r., opisujących „zadyszkę kurczaków” jako śmiertelną chorobę układu oddechowego (Beaudette, Hudson 1933; 1937), aż po czasy współczesne zdominowane informacjami o światowej pandemii COVID-19, znaczenie tej grupy drobnoustrojów dla zdrowia i bezpieczeństwa zarówno populacji generalnej, jak i pracujących nabiera coraz większego znaczenia. Stosowane dziś nowoczesne metody analizy molekularnej oraz coraz bardziej precyzyjne rozpoznanie reakcji immunologicznych związanych z działaniem patogenów z tej grupy pozwala nie tylko na pełniejsze zrozumienie biologii koronawirusów, ale i na poznanie patogenezy wywoływanych przez nie chorób. W artykule opisano systematykę rodziny Coronaviridae, scharakteryzowano budowę wirionu i sposoby jego namnażania się, przedstawiono metodykę badań próbek klinicznych i środowiskowych na obecność w nich koronawirusów oraz opisano patogenność tej grupy drobnoustrojów wraz z krótką charakterystyką największych epidemii, których przyczyną były wirusy SARS i MERS. W artykule szczególną uwagę poświęcono wirusowi SARS-CoV-2, który jest odpowiedzialny za mającą obecnie miejsce światową pandemię, zapoznając czytelnika nie tylko ze skutkami zdrowotnymi zakażenia wywołanego przez ten koronawirus, ale i opisując działania stosowane w profilaktyce przeciwwirusowej, przedstawiając prace związane z opracowywaniem szczepionek przeciw temu koronawirusowi i charakteryzując zagrożenia wywołane jego obecnością w najbardziej narażonych sektorach gospodarki.

Coronaviruses are causative agent of many human and animal diseases. Since the first observations made by Beaudette and Hudson in 1933, describing “gasping disease” of chickens as a deadly respiratory disease, to modern times dominated by information about the global COVID-19 pandemic, the importance of this group of pathogens for the health and safety of both the general and the working populations has been constantly growing. Nowadays, the modern methods of molecular analysis and precise recognition of immunological reactions related to the activity of pathogens from this group allow not only a more complete understanding of the biology of coronaviruses, but also the pathogenesis of the diseases caused by them. This article describes the taxonomy of Coronaviridae family, characterizes the structure of the virion and methods of its multiplication, presents the methodology of clinical and environmental samples testing used to confirm the presence of coronaviruses, and describes the pathogenicity of this group of microorganisms along with a brief description of the largest epidemics caused by SARS and MERS coronaviruses. A special emphasis in this paper is given to SARS-CoV-2 coronavirus, which is responsible for the currently observed global pandemic, familiarizing the potential readers with the health effects of infection caused by this virus, activities used in antiviral prophylaxis, works related to the development of vaccines and the risk caused by its presence in the most vulnerable sectors of the economy.

Słowa kluczowe

koronawirusy SARS-CoV-2 środowisko pracy diagnostyka nauki o zdrowiu inżynieria środowiska

coronaviruses SARS-CoV-2 occupational environment diagnostic health sciences environmental engineering

Wydawca

Centralny Instytut Ochrony Pracy - Państwowy Instytut Badawczy

Czasopismo

Podstawy i Metody Oceny Środowiska Pracy

Rocznik

2020

Tom

Nr 4 (106)

Strony

5--35

Opis fizyczny

Bibliogr. 160 poz., rys., tab.

Twórcy

autor

Stobnicka-Kupiec Agata

Centralny Instytut Ochrony Pracy – Państwowy Instytut Badawczy, Warszawa Central Institute for Labour Protection – National Research Institute, Warsaw, Poland

autor

Górny Rafał L.

Centralny Instytut Ochrony Pracy – Państwowy Instytut Badawczy, Warszawa Central Institute for Labour Protection – National Research Institute, Warsaw, Poland

autor

Gołofit-Szymczak Małgorzata

Centralny Instytut Ochrony Pracy – Państwowy Instytut Badawczy, Warszawa Central Institute for Labour Protection – National Research Institute, Warsaw, Poland

autor

Ławniczek-Wałczyk Anna

Centralny Instytut Ochrony Pracy – Państwowy Instytut Badawczy, Warszawa Central Institute for Labour Protection – National Research Institute, Warsaw, Poland

autor

Cyprowski Marcin

Centralny Instytut Ochrony Pracy – Państwowy Instytut Badawczy, Warszawa Central Institute for Labour Protection – National Research Institute, Warsaw, Poland

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Opracowanie rekordu ze środków MNiSW, umowa Nr 461252 w ramach programu "Społeczna odpowiedzialność nauki" - moduł: Popularyzacja nauki i promocja sportu (2021).

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