Progress in the construction of passenger cars as a result of CO2 emission limitation

• Autorzy: Juda Z.

Identyfikatory

DOI

10.5604/01.3001.0010.2905

• Języki publikacji: EN

Abstrakty

EN

Global warming is a scientifically proven fact. Much of the temperature rise on the surface of the globe has been caused by human activity. That is why several years' efforts are aimed at reducing of CO2 emissions, related to the human activities. Major sources of CO2 emissions include electricity production from fossil fuels, transport sector and intensive agriculture. Cutting down forests also contributes climate changes. In the field of transport, decisions are made at the level of the European Commission, and also by the wider audiences of introducing limits for CO2 emissions entire fleet of new passenger cars for year 2015, 2021 and later. The actions taken by car manufacturers are diverse. Cheaper and simpler solutions are focused on the concept of micro-hybrid based on a system of 48 V. More advanced solutions are a wide range of hybrid vehicles, including PHEV, and pure electric vehicles. The use of lighter materials, improved aerodynamics and rolling resistance, more efficient internal combustion engines and gearboxes also have an impact on energy demand and, consequently, CO2 emissions. An important problem to solve in many countries is the dissemination of renewable energy sources rather than fossil fuels. This article presents an outline of the issues related to eco-friendly solutions, including requirements for batteries intended for this type of vehicles. It also presents an overview of European standards in this area and progress in advanced energy sources.

Słowa kluczowe

EN

hybrid electric vehicles; electric vehicles; battery; capacity

• Wydawca: Łukasiewicz Research Network - Institute of Aviation ; European Science Society of Powertrain and Transport KONES Poland ; Wydawnictwo Instytutu Technicznego Wojsk Lotniczych
• Czasopismo: Journal of KONES
• Rocznik: 2017
• Tom: Vol. 24, No. 2
• Strony: 99--106
• Opis fizyczny: Bibliogr. 6 poz., rys.

Twórcy

autor

Juda Z.

• Krakow University of Technology, Faculty of Mechanical Engineering Warszawska Street 24, 31-155 Krakow, Poland tel.: [phone]

Bibliografia

• [1] Bingley, L., EVs exposed, Electric & Hybrid Vehicle Technology International, January 2017.
• [2] International Standard IEC 62196-1, Plugs, socket-outlets, vehicle couplers and vehicle inlets – Conductive charging of electric vehicles – Part 1: Charging of electric vehicles up to 250 Aa.c. and 400 A d.c., ISBN 2-8318-6975-7, Geneva, Swiss.
• [3] International Standard IEC 61851-1, Electric vehicle conductive charging system – Part 1: General requirements, ISBN 978-2-88912-222-6, Geneva, Swiss.
• [4] Miller, P., Automotive Lithium-Ion Batteries. State of the art and future developments in lithium-ion battery packs for passenger car applications, Johnson Matthey Technol. Rev, 2015.
• [5] Pereirinha, P. G., Trovao, J. P., Standarization in Electric Vehicles, 12th Portugese-Spanish Conference on Electrical Engineering, XIICLEEE_1844, 2011.
• [6] www.electricitymap.org/?wind=false&solar=false&page=country&countryCode=PL.

Uwagi

PL

Opracowanie ze środków MNiSW w ramach umowy 812/P-DUN/2016 na działalność upowszechniającą naukę (zadania 2017).