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Purpose: The article presents a statistical analysis of strength parameters of newly developed epoxy-glass composite materials modified with the addition of rubber recyclate. Design/methodology/approach: Three variants of materials with a percentage of recyclate content in the composite matrix of 3%, 5%, 7% and a reference variant without the addition of recyclate were used for the study. The samples were subjected to an impact test on a ZWICK RKP 450IR-GE impact hammer. Resilience measurement values were subjected to statistical analyses at the significance level α = 95%, such as: testing the normality of distributions with the Shapiro-Wilk test, testing differences between pairs with the Student's t-test for dependent groups, and testing ANOVA differences for independent groups. Findings: The Shapiro-Wilk test confirmed that the resilience variables for all tested samples were in normal distributions; therefore the highest power parametric tests were used to test the differences. Using the Student's t-test, it was confirmed that between pairs of variables in configurations: standard sample with the modified sample, there were significant statistical differences in the distribution of resilience values for all samples. ANOVA confirmed significant changes in impact strength in 10 comparison variants. Research limitations/implications: The obtained test results showed that in 9 compared cases, there were significant statistical differences, and in one case, there were no significant differences. Practical implications: The performed statistical analyses confirmed their significant usefulness in the process of qualification of strength parameters for materials with high anisotropy, such as composites. Originality/value: The manufactured products are innovative in terms of the method of using the addition of rubber recyclate as a filler for epoxy-glass composites. The use of static methods for their study also has practical value. It optimizes the analysis methods of the results of measurements of strength parameters of new composite materials.
Wydawca
Rocznik
Tom
Strony
71--78
Opis fizyczny
Bibliogr. 20 poz., rys., tab., wykr.
Twórcy
autor
- Faculty of Marine Engineering, Gdynia Maritime University, Morska str. 81-87, 81-225 Gdynia, Poland
autor
- Faculty of Marine Engineering, Gdynia Maritime University, Morska str. 81-87, 81-225 Gdynia, Poland
autor
- Faculty of Marine Engineering, Gdynia Maritime University, Morska str. 81-87, 81-225 Gdynia, Poland
autor
- Faculty of Marine Engineering, Gdynia Maritime University, Morska str. 81-87, 81-225 Gdynia, Poland
Bibliografia
- [1] A. Wilczyński, Polymer fiber composites, WNT, Warszawa, 1996 (in Polish).
- [2] M. Bocian, K. Jamroziak, Ballistic shields made of composite materials on a polymer matrix Technical Transactions. Mechanics 103/6-M (2006) 53-56 (in Polish).
- [3] E. Kowalska, M. Żubrowska, M. Borensztejn, Heterophasic thermoplastic polymer compositions modified with rubber waste, Polimery 48/9 (2003) 633-640 (in Polish).
- [4] N. Abramczyk, S. Drewing, K. Panasiuk, D. Żuk, Application of Statistical Methods to Accurately Assess the Effect of Gamma Aluminum Oxide Nanopowder on the Hardness of Composite Materials with Polyester-Glass Recyclate, Materials 15/17 (2022) 5957. DOI: https://doi.org/10.3390/ma15175957
- [5] M. Kozioł, An effect of polymer matrix on mechanical performance of laminates reinforced with glass fibre, Kompozyty 10/4 (2010) 317-321 (in Polish).
- [6] A.A. Nayeeif, Z.K. Hamdan, Z.W. Metteb, F.A. Abdulla, N.A. Jebur, Natural filler based composite materials, Archives of Materials Science and Engineering 116/1 (2022) 5-13. DOI: https://doi.org/10.5604/01.3001.0016.0972
- [7] M. Chojnacka, Application of block copolymers and recycled rubber materials for modyfying of asphalts, Elastomery 16/3 (2012) 24-29 (in Polish).
- [8] M. Al-Shablle, M. Al-Waily, E. Njim, Analytical evaluation of the influence of adding rubber layers on free vibration of sandwich structure with presence of nano-reinforced composite skins, Archives of Materials Science and Engineering 116/2 (2022) 57-70. DOI: https://doi.org/10.5604/01.3001.0016.1190
- [9] S. Białasz, Practical use of rubber recyclates as a way to protect the environment, Ecological Engineering 19/5 (2018) 63-74 (in Polish). DOI: https://doi.org/10.12912/23920629/94958
- [10] M.M. Singh, H. Kumar, G.H. Kumar, P. Sivaiah, K.V. Nagesha, K.M. Ajay, G. Vijaya, Determination of strength parameters of glass fibers reinforced composites for engineering applications, Silicon 12/1 (2020) 1-11. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12633-019-0078-3
- [11] M. Sienkiewicz, Polyurethane-rubber composites obtained with the use of rubber recyclates as a way to manage post-consumer car tires, PhD Thesis, Gdansk University of Technology, Gdańsk, 2010 (in Polish).
- [12] M. Sienkiewicz, M. Wawrowska, K. Wiecierzycka, H. Janik, Methods of chemical modification of the surface of rubber granulate and rubber goods which are improving their adhesion to polyurethane, Elastomery 19/3 (2015) 26-34 (in Polish).
- [13] O. Shechtman, Z. Gutierrez, E. Kokendofer, Analysis of the statistical methods used to detect submaximal effort with the five-rung grip strength test, Journal of Hand Therapy 118/1 (2005) 10-18. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1197/j.jht.2004.10.004
- [14] M. Shah, P. Mondal, A. K. Nayak, A. Bordoloi, Advanced titania composites for efficient CO2 reforming with methane: Statistical method vs. experiment, Journal of CO2 Utilization 39 (2020) 101160. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jcou.2020.101160
- [15] C. Watała, How to effectively use statistical methods in planning and conducting a scientific experiment?, StatSoft, Warszawa. 2005 (in Polish). Available from: https://media.statsoft.pl/_old_dnn/downloads/jak_skutecznie_wykorzystywac_metody_statystyczne.pdf
- [16] R. Jaśkiewicz, A. Stepniowska, Methodology of outliers determination for composite materials strength tests, Transactions of the Institute of Aviation 3/244 (2016) 77-82 (in Polish). DOI: https://doi.org/10.5604/05096669.1222748
- [17] K. Naresh, K. Shankar, R. Velmurugan, N. Gupta, Statistical analysis of the tensile strength of GFRP, CFRP and hybrid composites, Thin-Walled Structures 126 (2018) 150-161. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tws.2016.12.021
- [18] T.K. Kim, Understanding one-way ANOVA using conceptual figures, Korean Journal of Anesthesiology 70/1 (2017) 22-26. DOI: https://doi.org/10.4097/kjae.2017.70.1.22
- [19] Mata emulsyjna EM 1002/450/125 KROSGLASS (in Polish). Available from: http://www.krisko.lublin.pl/chemia/zywice-poliestrowe-polimal/maty-tkaniny-rowingi/maty-szklane/mata-krosglass-450-1-rolka-50-5kg.html (access in 10.01.2022)
- [20] Epidian® 6 (v-1 kg) (in Polish). Available from: https://www.zywicasklep.pl/epidian-reg-6-v-1-kg (access in 10.01.2022)
Uwagi
PL
Opracowanie rekordu ze środków MNiSW, umowa nr SONP/SP/546092/2022 w ramach programu "Społeczna odpowiedzialność nauki" - moduł: Popularyzacja nauki i promocja sportu (2024).
Typ dokumentu
Bibliografia
Identyfikator YADDA
bwmeta1.element.baztech-bd13ced8-d4b5-4336-b701-93688b7fd099