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Why teach robotics using ROS ?

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This paper focuses on the key role played by the adoption of a framework in teaching robotics with a computer science approach in the master in Computer Engineering. The framework adopted is the Robot Operating System (ROS), which is becoming a standard de facto inside the robotics community. The educational activities proposed in this paper are based on a constructionist approach. The Mindstorms NXT robot kit is adopted to trigger the learning challenge. The ROS framework is exploited to drive the students programming methodology during the laboratory activities and to allow students to exercise with the major computer programming paradigms and the best programming practices. The major robotics topics students are involved with are: acquiring data from sensors, connecting sensors to the robot, and navigate the robot to reach the final goal. The positive effects given by this approach are highlighted in this paper by comparing the work recently produced by students with the work produced in the previous years in which ROS was not yet adopted and many different software tools and languages were used. The results of a questionnaire are reported showing that we achieved the didactical objectives we expected as instructors.
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Twórcy
  • Intelligent Autonomous Systems Lab (IAS-Lab), Department of Information Engineering (DEI), Faculty of Engineering, The University of Padua, Via Ognissanti 72, I-35129 Padua, Italy
autor
  • Intelligent Autonomous Systems Lab (IAS-Lab), Department of Information Engineering (DEI), Faculty of Engineering, The University of Padua, Via Ognissanti 72, I-35129 Padua, Italy
autor
  • Intelligent Autonomous Systems Lab (IAS-Lab), Department of Information Engineering (DEI), Faculty of Engineering, The University of Padua, Via Ognissanti 72, I-35129 Padua, Italy
autor
  • Intelligent Autonomous Systems Lab (IAS-Lab), Department of Information Engineering (DEI), Faculty of Engineering, The University of Padua, Via Ognissanti 72, I-35129 Padua, Italy
autor
  • Intelligent Autonomous Systems Lab (IAS-Lab), Department of Information Engineering (DEI), Faculty of Engineering, The University of Padua, Via Ognissanti 72, I-35129 Padua, Italy
Bibliografia
  • [1] J. Baillie. URBI: Towards a Universal Robotic Low-Level Programming Language. In 2005 IEEE/RSJ International Conference on Intelligent Robots and Systems, pages 3219–3224. IEEE, 2005.
  • [2] J. C. Baillie. Urbi 2: Introduction to concurrent real-time programming. In Proceedings of the Third International Workshop on Software Development and Integration in Robotics. IEEE ICRA, May 2008.
  • [3] H. Bruyninckx, P. Soetens, and B. Koninckx. The real-time motion control core of the Orocos project. In IEEE International Conference on Robotics and Automation, pages 2766–2771, 2003.
  • [4] A. Cruz-Martin. J.A. Fernandez-Madrigal, C. Galindo, J. Gonzalez-Jimenez, C. Stockmans-Daou, and J.L. Blanco-Claraco. A LEGO Mindstorms NXT approach for teaching at Data Acquisition, Control Systems Engineering and Real-Time Systems undergraduate courses. Computers & Education, 59(3):974–988, Nov. 2012.
  • [5] S. Edwards, and C. Lewis. Rosindustrial: applying the robot operating system (ros) to industrial applications. IEEE International Conference on Robotics and Automation, ECHORD Workshop, St Paul, Minnesota, May 2012.
  • [6] P. Fitzpatrick, G. Metta, and L. Natale. Towards long-lived robot genes. Robot. Auton. Syst., 56(1):29–45, Jan. 2008.
  • [7] J.M. Gomez-de-Gabriel, A. Mandow, J. Fernandez-Lozano, and A.J. Garcia-Cerezo. Using LEGO NXT Mobile Robots With LabVIEW for Undergraduate Courses on Mechatronics. IEEE Trans. on Education, 54(1):41–47, Feb. 2011.
  • [8] J. Jackson. Microsoft robotics studio: A technical introduction. IEEE Robotics & Automation Magazine, 14(4):82–87, Dec. 2007.
  • [9] J.D. Dessimoz, P.F. Gauthey, and H. Omori, Piaget Environment for the Development and Intelligent Control of Mobile, Cooperative Agents and Industrial Robots. International Symposium for Robotics (ISR), Aug. 2012.
  • [10] T. Koletschka, and A. Hofmann. Technikum Wien’s entry in the Robotour’11 competition. In Proceedings of the 2nd International Conference on Robotics in Education (Rie2011), pages 151–156, Wien, Austria, September 2011.
  • [11] E. Menegatti, and M. Moro. Educational robotics from high-school to master of science. In SIMPAR Workshop on Teaching Robotics, Teaching with Robotics, pages 484–493, Darmstadt, Germany, November 2010.
  • [12] P. Ranganathan, R. Schultz, and M. Mardani. Use of Lego NXT Mindstorms Brick In Engineering Education. In Proceedings of the 2008 ASEE North Midwest Section Conference Educating the Engineer of 2020, Platteville, Wisconsin, USA, October 2008.
  • [13] M. Quigley, K. Conley, B. Gerkey, J. Faust, T. B. Foote, J. Leibs, R. Wheeler, and A. Y. Ng. ROS: an open-source robot operating system. In ICRA Workshop on Open Source Software, 2009.
  • [14] D. Scaramuzza, A. Martinelli, and R. Siegwart. A toolbox for easy calibrating omnidirectional cameras. In Proc. of The IEEE International Conference on Intelligent Robots and Systems (IROS), 2006.
  • [15] S. Thrun, D. Fox, W. Burgard, and F. Dellaert. Robust monte carlo localization for mobile robots, 2001. In Artifiicial Intelligence, Volume 128, Issues 1?2, May 2001, Pages 99-141.
  • [16] J. Arlegui, E. Menegatti, M. Moro, A. Pina. Robotics, Computer Science curricula and Interdisciplinary activities In Proceedings of the TERECoP Workshop ”Teaching with robotics: didactic approaches and experiences pp.10-21 November 3-4, 2008 Venice (Italy).
  • [17] M. Moro, E. Menegatti, F. Sella, M. Perona. Imparare con la Robotica - Applicazioni di problem solving. Edizioni Erickson Trento (Italy), pp.1-196, 2011.
  • [18] E. Tira-Thompson, D.S. Touretzky. The Tekkotsu robotics development environment. In Proc. IEEE ICRA 2011 pp. 6084-6089 May, 2011.
  • [19] D. Blank, D. Kumar, L. Meeden, H. Yanco. Pyro: A python-based versatile programming environment for teaching robotics. In Journal on Educational Resources in Computing (JERIC), Volume 4, Number 3, p.3, 2004.
  • [20] A. Nourdine. Teaching fundamentals of robotics to computer scientists. In Computer Applications in Engineering Education Volume 19, Issue 3, pages 615–620, September 2011.
  • [21] Robot Operating System. www.ros.org
  • [22] Terecop project: Teacher Education on Robotics-Enhanced Constructivist Pedagogical Methods. www.terecop.eu
  • [23] G. Cielniak, N. Bellotto, T. Duckett Integrating Vision and Robotics into the Computer Science Curriculum In Workshop on Teaching Robotics, Teaching with Robotics, pages 484–493, Riva del Garda, Italy, April 2012.
  • [24] A. Albers, M. Frietsch, V. Bartenbach, G. Robens, N. Burkhardt. A New Robotics Laboratory for Interdisciplinary Mechatronic Education In SIMPAR Workshop on Teaching Robotics, Teaching with Robotics, pages 456–464, Darmstadt, Germany, November 2010.
  • [25] M. Ruzzenente, M. Koo, K. Nielsen, L. Grespan, and P. Fiorini, A review of robotics kits for tertiary education In Workshop on Teaching Robotics, Teaching with Robotics, pages 44–50, Riva del Garda, Italy, April 2012. 68
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Bibliografia
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