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The effects of heat treatment on colour and glossiness of some commercial woods in Turkey

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Warianty tytułu
Języki publikacji
EN
Abstrakty
EN
In this study, hornbeam (Carpinus betulus L.), poplar (Populus deltoides), chestnut (Castanea sativa Mill.) and Uludağ fir (Abies bornmülleriana Mattf.) were heat treated at 212°C for 1 hour and 2 hours by the ThermoWood® method. Colour and glossiness were determined and compared with untreated samples. Results showed that lightness (L*) decreased for all tested samples and that the decrease was higher with more intense treatments. Colour parameter a* (red/green) initially increased with heat treatment, then decreasing afterwards. The colour parameter b* (yellow/blue) on the other hand, decreased for Hornbeam and Chestnut and increased for Poplar and Uludag fir. Generally, the glossiness decreased with heat treatment for both measurements, along and across the grain. All factors and interactions were found to be significant (according to α = 0.05) with the exception of interaction (AB) for parallel (//) glossiness in 60°. The highest total colour change was achieved for Hornbeam (ΔE* = 41.58).
Słowa kluczowe
Rocznik
Strony
81--90
Opis fizyczny
Bibliogr. 31 poz., tab.
Twórcy
autor
  • Yigilca Multi-Program Anatolian High School, Yigilca/Duzce, Turkey
autor
  • Superior School of Technology, Polytechnic Institute of Viseu, Viseu, Portugal
autor
  • Forestry and Forest Products, Oltu Vocation School, Ataturk University, Oltu/Erzurum, Turkey
autor
  • Department of Furniture and Decoration, Vocational High School, Duzce University, Duzce, Turkey
autor
  • Department of Wood Products Industrial Engineering, Technology Faculty, Gazi University, Ankara, Turkey
Bibliografia
  • Aksoy A., Deveci M., Baysal E., Toker H. [2011]: Colour and gloss changes of Scots pine after heat modification. Wood Research 56 [3]: 329-336
  • Ayata U., Gurleyen L., Esteves B. [2017]: Effect of heat treatment on the surface of selected exotic wood species. Drewno 60 [199]: 105-116. DOI: 10.12841/wood.1644-3985.198.08
  • Bekhta P., Niemz P. [2003]: Effect of high temperature on the change in colour, dimensional stability and mechanical properties of spruce wood. Holzforschung 57 [5]: 539-546
  • Bekhta P., Proszyk S., Lis B., Krystofiak T. [2014]: Gloss of thermally densified alder (Alnus glutinosa Goertn.), beech (Fagus sylvatica L.), birch (Betula verrucosa Ehrh.), and pine (Pinus sylvestris L.) wood veneers. European Journal of Wood and Wood Products 72 [6]: 799-808. DOI: 10.1007/s00107-014-0843-3
  • Boonstra M., Van Acker J., Kegel E., Stevens M. [2007]: Optimisation of a two-stage heat treatment process: durability aspects. Wood Science and Technology 41 [1]: 31-57
  • Bourgois J., Janin G., Guyonnet R. [1991]: Measuring colour: A method of studying and optimising the chemical transformations of thermally-treated wood. Holzforschung 45 [5]: 377-382
  • Brischke C., Welzbacher C.R., Brandt K., Rapp A.O. [2007]: Quality control of thermally modified timber: Interrelationship between heat treatment intensities and CIE L* a* b* colour data on homogenized wood samples. Holzforschung 61 [1]: 19-22. DOI.org/10.1515/HF.2007.004
  • Chen Y., Fan Y., Gao J., Stark N.M. [2012]: The effect of heat treatment on the chemical and colour change of black locust (Robinia pseudoacacia) wood flour. BioResources 7 [1]: 1157-1170
  • Dubey M.K. [2010]: Improvements in stability, durability and mechanical properties of Radiata Pine wood after heat-treatment in a vegetable oil. The University of Canterbury, Christchurch, New Zealand [PhD thesis]
  • Esteves B.M., Pereira H. [2009]: Wood modification by heat treatment: A review. BioResources 4 [1]: 370-404
  • Esteves B., Marques A.V., Domingos I., Pereira H. [2007]: Influence of steam heating on the properties of pine (Pinus pinaster) and eucalypt (Eucalyptus globulus) wood. Wood Science and Technology 41 [3] : 193-207. DOI: 10.1007/s00226-006-0099-0
  • Esteves B., Marques A.V., Domingos I., Pereira H. [2008]: Heat-induced colour changes of pine (Pinus pinaster) and eucalypt (Eucalyptus globulus) wood. Wood Science and Technology 42 [5]: 369-384. DOI: 10.1007/s00226-007-0157-2
  • Hakkou M., Petrissans M., Gerardin P., Zoulalian A. [2006]: Investigations of the reasons for fungal durability of heat-treated beech wood. Polymer Degradation and Stability 91 [2]: 393-397. DOI: 10.1016/j.polymdegradstab.2005.04.042
  • Kamdem D.P., Pizzi A., Jermannaud A. [2002]: Durability of heat-treated wood. Holz als Roh- und Werkstoff 60 [1]: 1-6. DOI: 10.1007/s00107-001-0261-1
  • Karamanoglu M., Akyildiz M.H. [2013]: Colour, gloss and hardness properties of heat treated wood exposed to accelerated weathering. Pro Ligno 9 [4]: 729-738
  • Kim G.H., Yun K.E., Kim J.J. [1998]: Effect of heat treatment on the decay resistance and the bending properties of radiata pine sapwood. Material und Organismen 32 [2]: 101-108
  • Kocaefe D., Poncsak S., Boluk Y. [2008]: Effect of thermal treatment on the chemical composition and mechanical properties of birch and aspen. BioResources 3 [2]: 517-537
  • Korkut D.S., Hiziroglu S., Aytin A. [2013]: Effect of heat treatment on surface characteristics of wild cherry wood. BioResources 8 [2]: 1582-1590
  • Kubojima Y., Okano T., Ohta M. [2000]: Bending strength and toughness of heat-treated wood. Journal of Wood Science 46 [1]: 8-15. DOI: 10.1007/BF00779547
  • Mitsui K., Takada H., Sugiyama M., Hasegawa R. [2001]: Changes in the properties of light-irradiated wood with heat treatment. Part 1. Effect of treatment conditions on the change in colour. Holzforschung 55 [6]: 601-605. DOI: 10.1515/HF.2001.098
  • Sehlstedt-Persson M. [2003]: Colour responses to heat treatment of extractives and sap from pine and spruce. Proceedings of: 8th International IUFRO Wood Drying Conference: 459-464
  • Sundqvist B. [2002]: Colour response of Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris), Norway spruce (Picea abies) and birch (Betula pubescens) subjected to heat treatment in capillary phase. Holz als Roh- und Werkstoff 60: 106-114. DOI: 10.1007/s00107-001-0273-x
  • Sundqvist B., Morén T. [2002]: The influence of wood polymers and extractives on wood colour induced by hydrothermal treatment. Holz als Roh- und Werkstoff 60: 375-376. DOI: 10.1007/s00107-002-0320-2
  • ThermoWood Handbook [2003]: ThermoWood® Handbook [accessed: 28.02.2017]. Available from: http://www.vanhoorebeke.com/docs/Thermo-wood%20handboek.pdf
  • Tjeerdsma B.F., Boonstra M., Militz H. [1998a]: Thermal modification of non-durable wood species. 2. Improved wood properties of thermal treated wood. Proceedings of: The International Research Group on Wood Preservation, Section 4-Processes, 29th Annual Meeting, Maastricht
  • Tjeerdsma B.F., Boonstra M., Pizzi A., Tekely P., Militz H. [1998b]: Characterisation of thermally modified wood: molecular reasons for wood performance improvement. Holz als Roh- und Werkstoff 56: 149-153
  • Todorovic N.V., Popović Z., Milić G., Popadić R. [2012]: Estimation of heat-treated beechwood properties by colour change. BioResources 7 [1]: 799-815
  • Viitaniemi P., Jamsa S., Ek P., Viitanen H. [1997]: Method for improving biodegradation resistance and dimensional stability of cellulosic products. US Patent No. 5678324 [accessed: 15.02.2006]. Available from: http://www.thermowood.fi.ThermoWood
  • Zhang J., Kamdem D.P., Temiz A. [2009]: Weathering of copper-amine treated wood. Applied Surface Science 256 [3]: 842-846. DOI: 10.1016/j.apsusc.2009.08.071
  • List of standards
  • ISO 554:1976 Standard atmospheres for conditioning and/or testing – Specifications, International Organization for Standardization
  • ISO 2813:1994 Paints and varnishes – Determination of specular gloss of non-metallic paint films at 20 degrees, 60 degrees and 85 degrees, International Organization for Standardization
Uwagi
Opracowanie rekordu w ramach umowy 509/P-DUN/2018 ze środków MNiSW przeznaczonych na działalność upowszechniającą naukę (2018).
Typ dokumentu
Bibliografia
Identyfikator YADDA
bwmeta1.element.baztech-bc142c83-5bd4-449d-b2bf-7b08c2f806f8
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